全国卷高级中学英语高考词汇资料词性转换.doc

- 全国卷高中英语高考词汇词性转换 第一组： 1. ability (n. )能力；才能---able (a.)---unable (a..)—disability (n. )—disabled (a.) be able to= be capable of 2. absence (n. ) 缺席；不在 --- absent (a.)---present (a..) – presence (n.) be absent from; be present at 3. absolute (a.) 绝对的；完全的---absolutely (adv.) 4. abundant (a.) 丰富的；充裕的 ---abundance (n.) be abundant in 5. academic (a.) 学院的，理论的 (n.) 大学教师 --- academy (n.) 学院 6. accept (v.) 接受---acceptable (a.) 可接受的- –refuse (opp.) 拒绝 7. access (n.) 通路，入门；（v.）接近；存取---accessible (a.) have access to 8. accurate (a.) 正确的，精确的 --- accuracy (n.) –accurately (adv.)-- (opp.)inaccurate 不准确 9. achieve (v.) 取得，达到 --- achievement (n.) 10. acquire (v.) 获得，学到 --- acquisition (n.) 11. act (n. ) 法令，条例；（v.）表演；行动---action (n.) –active (a.) 主动的—inactive (a.)—actively (adv.)—activity (n. ) 活动--passive (a.) 被动的 ---actor (n.) –actress (n.) 12. actual (a.) 实际的；现实的–actually (adv.) = as a matter of fact 13. adapt (v.) 使适应；改编 ---adaptation (n.) ---adaptable (a.) 有适应能力的 adapt oneself to 适应于 ; adapt …to 应用于；adapt…(for sth.) from sth. 改编 14. add (v.) 添加，增加 ;补充说---addition (n.) ---additional (a.) –additionally (adv.) add…to , add to, add up, add up to, add sth. in , in addition (to) 15. addict (n.) 成瘾的人---addicted (a.) –addition (n.) ---addictive (a.) be addicted to 16. adjust (v.) 调整，使适应 ---adjustment (n.) --- adjustable (a.) 17. admire (v.) 钦佩，羡慕 ---admiration (n.) --- admirable (a.) 18. admit (v.) 承认，准许 ( admitted, admitted) --- admission (n.) 19. adopt (v.) 收养，采用 ---adoption (n.) --- adopted (a.) 20. advance (v.) 推进，促进；前进 （n.）前进，提升—advanced (a.)--- advancement (n.) 21. advantage (n.) 有点；好处 ---advantageous (a.) ---disadvantage (n.) take advantage of, be to one’s advantage 22. adventure (n.) 冒险，奇遇 --- adventurous (a.) 23. advertise (v.) 为。。。做广告---advertisement (n.) 24. advise (v.) 建议，劝告----adviser (n.) 顾问，忠告者--- advice (n.) a piece of advice 25. affect (v.) 影响 --- affection (n.) 影响，感情 = have an effect on 26. Africa (n.) 非洲 --- African (a.) (n.) 27. age (n.) 年纪--- aged (a.)—elderly (a.) 28. agree (v.) 同意--- agreement (n.) --- disagree (opp)—disagreement (n.) 29. agriculture (n.) 农业 – agricultural (a.) 30. allow (v.) 准许，允许---allowance (n.) 允许；紧贴，补助 31. amaze (v.) 惊奇， 震惊 --- amazement (n.) ---amazed (a.) –amazed (a.) to one’s amazement 32. ambition (n.) 抱负，雄心---ambitious (a.) 33. amuse (v.) 使…快乐 --- amusement (n.) – amused (a.) --- amusing (a.) to one’s amusement 34. analyze (v.) 分析 --- analysis (n.) 35. anger (n.) 愤怒 --- angry (a.) 36. announce (v.) 宣布, 宣告 --- announcement (n.) --- announcer (n.) 37. annoy (v.) 使烦恼 – annoyed (a.) --- annoying (a.) --- annoyance (n.) to one’s annoyance 38. annual (a. ) 一年一次的，每年的 （n.） 年刊 --- annually (a.) 39. anxious (a.) 忧虑的，焦急的 --- anxiety (n.) 40. apologize (v.) 道歉 --- apology (n.) apologize to sb. for sth.; make an apology to sb. for sth. 41. appear (v.) 出现---appearance (n.) 面貌 42. apply (v.) 申请 , 应用--- application (n.) 申请表 --- applicant (n.) 申请人--- applied (a.) 应用的 43. appoint (v.) 约定，任命 – appointment (n.) -----make an appointment 44. appreciate (v.) 欣赏，感激 --- appreciation (n.) 45. approve (v.) 批准，同意 --- approval (n.) 46. argue (v.) 争辩，辩论—argument (n.) 47. arrange (v.) 安排 --- arrangement (n.) 48. arrive (v.) 到达 – arrival (n.) 49. Asia (n.) 亚洲 ---Asian (a.) (n.) 50. assess (v.) 评价，估价 --- assessment (n.) 51. assist (v.) 帮助，协助--- assistance (n.) 帮助，援助 ---assistant (n.) 助手，助理 52. associate (v.) 联系，交往--- association (n.) --- associated (a.) 53. assume (v.) 假定，采取 --- assumption (n.) 54. astonish (v.) 使惊讶 --- astonished (a.) --- astonishing (a.) – astonishment (n.) 55. astronaut (n.) 宇航员 --- astronomy (n.) 天文学 --- astronomer (天文学家) 56. athlete (n.) 运动员 --- athletic (a.) 57. attend （v.）参加，照料 -- attendance (n.) - -attender (n.) 58. attention (n) 注意，专心--- attentive (a) –attentively (ad v.) 59. attract (v.) 吸引 – attraction (n.) --- attractive (a.) 60. aware (a.) 知道的，明白的 --- awareness (n.) be aware of 61. bacterium (n.) 细菌 ---(pl. ) bacteria 62. bad (a.) 坏的 --- badly (adv. ) (worse, worst)--- good (a.) – well (a.) (adv.) (better, best) 63. base (n.) 基地，根据地 (v.) 以。。。为基地 -- basic (a.) --- basically 大体上 64. basis (n.) 基础，要素 --- (pl.) bases 65. bath (n.) 洗澡，浴室—bathe (v.) – bathroom (n.) --- bathtub (n.) 澡盆 66. bear (v.) 忍受 (bore, borne)--- bearable (a.) 可忍受的 --- unbearable (opp.) 不可忍受的 67. beat (v.) 敲打，跳动，打赢 (beat, beaten) 68. beautiful (a.) 美丽的--- beauty (n. ) --- beautify (v.) 69. behave (v.) 行为，守规矩 --- behavior (n.) 70. belief (n) 信条，信念 ---（pl.） beliefs-- believe (v.) --- believable (a.) ---(opp.) unbelievable 71. begin (v.) 开始，着手 (began, begun)--- beginning (n.) 第二组： 72. bend v. 使弯曲 （bent, bent）be bent on doing 73. benefit n.利益, 好处vt.有益于, 有助于 --- beneficial adj.有益的, 受益的 benefit from / be beneficial to 74. bitter adj.苦的, 痛苦的, 怀恨的 ---–unpleasant adj不愉快的；讨厌的 75. boring adj. 无聊的，乏味的(修饰物)—---bored adj.无聊的, 无趣的, 烦人的（用于人） 76. botany n.植物学 -------botanical adj.植物学的 77. brave adj.勇敢的 ---bravery n.勇敢 ------coward n.懦弱的人, 胆小的人 78. boycott n./vt. 联合抵制, 排斥 79. breath n. 呼吸, 气息 -----breathe v.呼吸, 发出 ----breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的 80. bring vt. 拿来, 带来 ---brought(分去式)---brought（过去分词） 81. bury vt.埋葬, 掩埋, 隐藏 ---buried(过去式或过去分词) be buried in sth 埋头做某事 82. business n.商业, 买卖, 交易, 生意 ---businessman ----businesswoman 83. calculate v.计算, 考虑, 计划, 打算----calculation n.计算, 考虑 ----calculator n.计算机, 计算器 84. calm adj.(天气、海洋等)静的, 平静的, 镇静的, 沉着的 v. (使)平静, (使)镇定, 平息 calmness n.平静, 冷静, 镇静 85. care n.注意, 照料, vi.关心, 顾虑, 照顾, 喜爱vt.在意----careful ----careless 86. catch v.捕获, 赶上(车船等), 发觉, 感染（疾病）---(caught, caught) 87. caution n.小心, 谨慎, 警告 vt.警告----cautious adj. 88. celebration n.庆祝, 庆典-----celebrate v.庆祝, 祝贺, 表扬 89. certain adj.确定的, 某一个----certainly adv. -----certainty n. -----uncertainty n.无常, 不确定 90. challenge n.挑战 vt.向...挑战----challenging adj.具有挑战性的 91. change n.改变, 变化, 找回的零钱 vt.改变, 变革----changeable adj.可改变的 92. character n. 人物，特点，性格，品质----characteristic n. 特性，特征 93. chemical adj.化学的n.化学制品, 化学药品----chemist n.化学家, 药剂师-chemistry n.化学 94. choice n.选择, 抉择, 精选品----choose v.选择, 选定(chose, chosen) 95. cloth n.布, 织物, 衣料------clothes n.衣服, [总称]被褥, 各种衣服----clothing n.(总称)衣服 96. collect vt. 收集----collection n. 收藏, 征收, 搜集品, 捐款----collective adj.集体的 n.集体 97. comfort n.安慰, 舒适 vt.安慰 ----comfortable adj.舒适的 98. communicate v.沟通, 交流，传达-----communication n. 99. compete vi.比赛, 竞争----competition n.竞争, 竞赛----competitor n.竞争者 100. conclude v.作出结论vt.推断-----conclusion n. 结论 101. confident adj.自信的, 确信的----confidence n.信心----confidently adv.信赖地, 安心地 102. conduct n.行为, 操行v. 组织, 实施，管理-----conductor n. (乐队)指挥 第三组： 1.crazy adj.疯狂的 ----craze n.狂热，疯狂；风行一时的东西； be crazy about, like crazy 2．create vt.创造，产生 （syn.）----produce .creative adj ----creation n 创造，创建----creativity n.创造力----creator n.创造者；创作者----create jobs (opportunities, a good image, wealth) 3. crime n.罪犯----commit a crime ----criminal n.罪犯 4. cross vt.穿过----crossing n.十字路口 ----crossroads n.交叉路口----at the crossroads 5. crowd n. 人群 vt. 拥挤----crowded adj. 拥挤的----crowdedness n. 6.cruel adj. 残忍的，残酷的---be cruel to sb ----cruelly adv.----cruelty n. 残忍 7. culture n.文化 ---cultural adj. ----cultural difference (shock)-----multi-culture 多元文化 8. cure n&v. 治疗；医好---a cure for cancer ----cure sb of one’s disease/one’s habit 9. curious adj. 好奇的；奇异的--curiosity（about/to do sth） n.好奇心；求知欲 satisfy one’s curiosity 满足好奇心 -----out of curiosity 出于好奇 10. cycle vi骑自行车；循环----recycle v.再循环，回收再用----cyclist n.骑自行车的 11．damage n&vt 毁坏，损害-----do /cause damage to the earth 12 danger n dangerous adj. endanger vt 使……濒临危险----endangered animals 濒危动物 be in danger/be at risk/be at stake 处于危险中 13. dead. adj. 死的 the dead/living ----death n 死亡----cause many deaths and injuries deadly adj.致命的 die v. 死亡 dying adj. 垂死的，渴望的be dying for/to do sth 14. decide n.决定 decisive adj. 决定性的 decision n. make a decision 15. declare vt.声明；断言 --- declaration n. declare declare war on Japan 16. decorate vt.装饰，修饰 ---- decoration n. be decorated with 17. decline n&v.下降 ,婉拒 I offered to give them a lift but they declined . 18. decrease/increase n&v. 减少/增加--- increase/decrease to/by 20% 19. defend vt. 防守，保卫 ---defense in defense of 为保护某人 为……辩护 20. deliberate adj. deliberately adv.故意地 ---on purpose 21 delight n 快乐；乐事 delighted adj. be delighted with/by/at sb/sth take delight in 喜欢，以……为乐 delight sb 使某人高兴 to one’s delight 使某人高兴的是 22. deliver vt.投递，接生，发表讲话 deliver parcels/ a baby/ a speech delivery n. 23.depend vi dependent adj. 依赖的 independent adj.独立的 independence n.独立 depend on sb be dependent on sb be independent from/of sb 24. deep adj/adv. 深的 --deeply adj.深深的 -- depth n.深度 -- deepen v.加深 far/deep into the night深夜 be deeply moved/touch/affected ---Still water runs deep. 25. describe vt.描述，描写 description n. give a description of sth 26.design vt.设计 n.图案，图样 designer 设计师 be designed to 设计的目的是，计划是 27. desperate adj.不顾一切的；绝望的 ---be desperate for/to do sth --- desperation n.绝望 28．destroy vt.破坏，毁坏-- destroyed buildings 被毁的建筑物 destruction n. cause destruction to sth 29. determine vt.决定，决心 be determined to do 决心做 determination n. 决心 30.develop v. 发展，使发达，开发 冲洗（照片）development --- with the development of developing world/developed world --- develop an interest in sth ----develop a new product 31.devote vt.把……奉献于； devote oneself/one’s life/one’s energy/time to sth/doing sth devotion n.忠心，奉献精神 be devoted to sb 挚爱某人，对……全心全意 32．differ vi. differ from sth in … different adj. difference n. --tell the difference between A and B --- make a difference (to) 有影响，改变 ;大有作为 33. difficult adj. difficulty n.困难 with/without difficulty, have difficulty (in) doing sth 34.direct adj.直接的 --（反）indirect speech ----direct v.指挥，指导，导演 director n. 导演 ----direction n.方向 in the direction of 35. disable v.使……残疾 ---disabled adj.残疾的---help the disabled ---disability n. ---The traffic accident disabled him. 36.disappear vi. 消失 （反）-- appear ---disappearance n. (反) appearance 37.disagree with sb on/about/over sth ---disagreement ----be in disagreement with 38. disappoint vt.使……失望 disappointment n. to one’s disappointment make sb disappointed / be disappointed with/at 39. discover vt.发现 discovery n. make a discovery 40.discrimination n.歧视 discriminate vt.歧视，区分 discriminate A from B ,discriminate against women 歧视妇女 41.discuss vt discussion n.讨论 42.distance n.距离 distant adj.远的 ， 遥远的 keep sb at a distance 疏远某人，与某人保持距离 in the distance 在远方 43. distinguish v.辨别distinguish A from B /distinguish between A and B --- distinction n 差别 ；名声 44．distribute v.分布，分配 distribution n. 分配 distribute sth to /among sb 45.disturb vt.打扰；扰乱 Don’t disturb the papers on my desk. ----disturbed adj.心神不宁的，心烦意乱的---disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的 a disturbing piece of news. 46.donate v.捐赠 donate sth to sb donation n. He donated 10,000$ to the earthquake disaster area. a donation of 200$ 二百美元的捐款 47. educate v.教育 educator 教育者 education ---receive a good education 48. effect n.效果，作用 effective adj.有效果的 affect v. 影响 have an effect on ---take effect ---come into effect 49.elect v. election n.选举 He was elected president of the USA in 1986. 50. electricity n. 电 electric---electric wire 电线 adj.电的--- electrical adj. 电气的 electrical engineering--- electronic adj. 电子的 electronic equipment 51.embarrass v.使……尴尬 embarrassed adj. be embarrassed about ---embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的，难为情的 ---embarrassment n. 52. employ v雇佣 employer /employee /employment /unemployment 失业 53.encourage v.鼓励 encourage sb to do sth / encouragement n. 鼓励 /courage 勇气 discourage 使……泄气/ discourage sb from doing 劝阻某人不做某事 54.energy n.精力，能量 energetic adj.精力旺盛的。 be full of energy =be energetic 55.enjoy vt. 欣赏，喜欢；享受……之乐趣 enjoy equality (freedom, peace) enjoy doing enjoyable adj.愉快的；有趣的. enjoyment (n ) Children like to share interests and enjoyments (乐事，令人愉快的事情)with their parents. 56．entertain v.招待，款待 ；使有兴趣；使快乐 entertainment n 娱乐活动 entertaining adj. 有趣的，使人愉快的 57.environment n.环境 environmental adj. environmentalist n.环境学家 environmental protection/conservation/preservation 环境保护 58. equal adj.平等的 vt. 等于 be equal to ---equality n. / the principle of equality before the law 法律面前人人平等的原则 equally / treat sb equally 59. equip vt.提供设备；装备 be equipped with/ Our office is equipped with modern equipment.(UC) equipment n. a piece of equipment 60 . escape n/vi 逃跑； 被忘掉 escape from being punished (punishment) / a narrow escape 九死一生 an escaped prison 一名逃跑的犯人 / His name escaped me for a moment.我一时想不起他的名字了。 61. Europe n.欧洲 European adj.欧洲的 a European 一名欧洲人 62．evident adj.明显的 evidence n.证据，迹象 The police haven’t found out the convincing evidence. 63. exam(examination) n.考试, 测验-----examine v. 检查, 调查, 考试----examiner n.主考者-----examinee n.受审查者, 投考者, 应试者 With the approach of the college entrance examination, I become more anxious and nervous. 64. excellent adj.卓越的, 极好的-----excellence n.优秀, 卓越, 优点, 美德 65. exhibit n.展品 Visitors are requested not to touch exhibits in the museum. exhibition n.展览，展览会There will be an exhibition on next week in the science museum. exhibit vt. 展览 65．exist vi存在 existence n.生存，存在 come into existence 开始存在 existing adj 现存的，现行的 existing laws现行法律 Does life exist on other planets? 66.expect vt.预料，盼望；认为 expect sb to do Don’t expect too much from your child. 不要对你的孩子期望太高。I’m expecting your early reply. expectation n.期望，预期 live up to your parents’ expectation.不辜负父母的期望。 67.expense n.消费，支出 at his own expense自费. at the expense of sb/sth 在牺牲……情况下，以……为代价 spare no expense to do不惜代价做某事 expensive / costly/dear adj.昂贵的 68.explain vt.解释 explanation n. 解释，说明 He explained to me the reason why he was late again. 69.explode v.使爆炸 explosion n. explosive adj. 70 expose vt.揭露；使面临（危险） Being exposed to the sunlight for a long time is harmful to your skin. ----exposure n. 71. express v. 表达；表示 I can’t express myself in English. expression n.表情，表达，词句 --facial expression expressive adj. 富于表情的；有表现力的 72．extend vt延长，扩大，扩展 to extend the deadline ---I’m sure you’ll join me in extending a very warm welcome to our visitors.我肯定你们会和我们一起向来访者表示热烈的欢迎。 73．face n.脸 vt.面对，面向。---facial adj.-----面部的 facial expression 面部表情 Faced with the disaster, we Chinese have showed extraordinary courage and energy. 74. fail v. 失败；不及格；衰退 failure n. He failed the exam/in the exam/failed to pass the exam. Failure is the mother of success. Weight-loss pills caused his liver to failure. 75. familiar adj. 熟悉的 familiarity 熟悉，通晓。be familiar to sb/be familiar with sth 76. famous /well known/famed 著名的 be world famous for/as/to fame n.名声 rise to fame overnight. 77． finance 财政，金融 financial adj. the financial worries 经济担忧 第四组： 1. flee v. 逃避, 逃跑, 逃走 ---fled---fled 2. flexible adj.易曲的, 灵活的,能变形的 ----