初级中学英语形容词的比较级最高级讲解及其习题集.doc

*- 形容词的比较级和最高级知识讲解及练习 ----昂立外语 绝大多数形容词有三种形式:原级、比较级、最高级三种形式 Ⅰ. 常见的形容词及比较级和最高级的构成 （1）规则变化： ①一般情况下在词尾加-er、est Eg: calm---calmer calmest tall---taller tallest smart---smarter smartest ②以字母e结尾的直接在词尾加-er\est Eg: nice---nicer nicest fine---finer finest large---larger largest ③以“辅音+y 结尾的词，变y为 i，再加-er\est Eg: early---earlier earliest happy---happier happiest busy---busier busiest ④一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的单词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-er\est Eg: big---bigger biggest thin---thinner thinnest hot---hotter hottest ⑤多音节或部分双音节的形容词在原级前面加more Eg: popular---more popular most popular important---more important most imporant （2）特殊变化： 原级 比较级 最高级 goo/ well better best many/ much more most bad / badly（坏地） worse worst little less least old Older（年龄）/ elder(辈份) oldest/ eldest far farther距离/ further（深奥） farthest/ furthest Ⅱ. 形容词比较级的用法：表示两者（人或物）的比较。 ⒈表达“A大于B”用 A … 比较级+than B ①. Tom比我胖。 Tom is _____ (fat) than me. ②. 他的头发比我的短。His hair is ________(short) than _________. He has ________ (short) hair than ________. (注意比较对象的一致性) ③. 英语比语文重要。English is _______________ (important) than Chinese. ④. 我来的比你晚。I come _______ (late) than you.（副词的比较级） ⒉表达“A和B一样”，用 A … as 原级 as B ①他和我一样高。 He is as ________ (tall) as I/me. ②英语比语文重要。English is as _______________ (important) as Chinese. ③他的头发和我的头发一样长。His hair is ________ ________ _______ mine. ④他学习和你一样努力。He works _______ hard ______ you. ⒊表达“A不如B”，用A …not+as/so+原级+as+B。 ①这辆车不像那辆车一样贵 This car ______ _______ _______（expensive） that one. =This car is ______ _______ / than that one. =That car is ______ _______ than this one. ②今天没有昨天暖和。Today ______ _______ _______(warm) _______ yesterday. =Yesterday ______ ________ than today. ③他昨天来得没有我早。He _________ come ________ (early)as I (did) yesterday. =He came _________ than I yesterday.(同级和比较级的同义句转换) 4．比较级前可用much / a lot / far(… 得多)，a little（稍微）, even（甚至）等表示程度. He is much ___________( well) today. It’s much ____________ (expensive). He is very __________ (well) today. It’s too ___________ (expensive) 5.在两者之间选择哪一个更……，用比较级.Which /Who…,A or B? 谁跑得快些，Lucy 还是Lily？ Who runs _________, Lucy or Lily? 6.如果在两者之间表示“最……”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语： 约翰是两个男孩子中较聪明的一个。John is the cleverer of the two boys. Of the two boys, John is the cleverer. 这支手表是两个中比较便宜的。This watch is of the two. 7.比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构,表示具体“大多少”，“小多少”，“长多少”，“短多少”等。 我比他大两岁。 I am two years _________ _________ he. 这个建筑比那个建筑高20米。 This building is 20 meters ________ __________that one. △“比较级 +and+ 比较级”表示“越来越…” 天气越来越冷了。It’s getting ______ and _______(cold) 比赛越来越有趣。The game is (interesting) 注意:多音节形容词用此句型时，要用more and more +形容词原级；而不能用more beautiful and more beautiful △ “The+ 比较级…，the+ 比较级…”表示“越…，就越… 越多越好 The ________, the _______. 他越忙就越高兴。______ _______he is, ______ _______he feels. △ “用twice 等表示倍数的词+ as +原级＋as…”表示甲是乙的几倍。 “用twice 等表示倍数的词+比较级than …”表示甲是乙的几倍。 这间房是那间房面积的两倍。This room is _______ as big as that one. =This room is _______bigger than that one 注意：在英语中，两倍用twice，而不用two times，三倍以上用three，four…times。 同义引申高high /tall/long etc. Ⅲ. 形容词最高级的用法： 1.表示三者或三者以上（人或物）的比较,其中有一个超过其他几个。形容词最高级前要加the，副词最高级前常省略the, 后面通常带of（in）短语来说明比较的范围（of 后的名词或代词表示与主语属同一类；in 表示时间或空间范围）。 ①在我们班上他最高。 He is __________ ( tall) _____ our class. ②玛丽是这三个学生中最小的。 Mary is __________ (young) ______ the three students. 2. 形容词最高级的前面常有the，my等形容词性物主代词，Chinas名词所有格，最高级前不加the This is ______ ______ day. 这是我最忙的一天。 Jack is ______ ______ friend. 杰克是吉姆最好的朋友 The Changjiang River is ______ ______ river.长江是中国最长的河流。 3 在which…A ,B orC_? 句中，表示三者或三者以上比较 Which is the biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth? 太阳，月亮，地球，哪一个最大？ 4. 形容词最高级表示“最...之一”时，可用“one of the+最高级+复数名词” Edison was one of the greatest inventors in the world. 爱迪生是世界上最为大的发明家之一。 5．“the +序数词+最高级”表示“第几个最…”； The Yellow River is the second longest river in China I 【Exercise】 一．出下列单词的比较级 1.tall___________2.quiet____________ 3.funny_______________4.heavy___________ 5.thin_____________6.big______________7.outgoing_____________8.wild______ 9.little_____________10.good____________11.bad_______________12.many____ 二、单选题 1.Tina is ________ than Linda. A.short B.more shorter C.shorter D.shortter 2.This question is ________ than that one. A.easyer B.more easy C.easy D.easier 3.I’m ________ younger than her. A.a few B.a little C.little D.few 4.My friend is the same _______ me. A.to B.as C.with D.in 5.The girl is as _____________ as her mother. A.beautiful B.more beautiful C.beautifule D.more beautifuler 6.Lily is _________ of the two. A.taller B.tallest C.the taller D.tall 7.The box is ________ heavier than that one. A.much B.very C.more D.so 三、同义句。 1.He is 14 years old. His friend is 12 years old. His friend is __________ __________ he. 2.Our bikes are not the same as theirs. Our bikes are __________ _________ theirs. 3.He is healthier than his friend. He _______ _________ ________ of the two. 4.The girl is smarter than her classmates. The girl is smarter than_______ ________ ________ in her class. 5.He is less popular than her. He is not _________ popular _________ her. She is _________ _______ than him. 参考答案： 一． 1.taller 2.quieter 3.funnier 4.heavier 5.thinner 6.bigger 7.more outgoing 8.wilder 9.less 10.better 11.worse 12.more 二．1-5 CDBBA 6-7 CA 三． 1. younger than 2. different from 3. is the healthier 4. any other student 5.as as ; more popular 一、 Choose 1． He feels _____ today than yesterday. A. tired B. more tired C. more tireder D. much tired 2. Of the two toys, the child chose_____. A. the more expensive one B. one most expensive C. a least expensive D. the most expensive of them 3. The line is ____ than that one. A. more longer B. not long C. much longer D. many more longer 4. The book is ____ of the two. A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner D. the thinnest 5. She looks _____ than she does. A. the more older B. very older C. much older D. more older 6. The garden is becoming ______. A. more beautiful and more B. more beautiful and beautiful C. more and more beautiful D. more beautiful and beautifuler 二、Fill in the blanks with the right forms: 1． This bag is a little _______(heavy) than that one. 2． Mr. Smith is a ________(good) teacher. He always helps us to learn math. 3． Dave is _____ (quiet) than most of the kids in his class. 4． Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _______ (clever). 5． Gold(黄金) is ______ (little) useful than iron(铁). 6． My sister is two years _______ (old ) than I. 7． Tom is ____ (outgoing) than any other boy in his class. 8． The short one is _______ (expensive) than the long one. 9. The _____ (cheap) bags are the not usually the best ones. 10. The boy is not so ______ (interesting) as his brother. 11. Dick sings _____ (well), she sings _____(well) than John, but Mary sings______(well) in her class. 12. She will be much ______ (happy) in her mew house. 13. This dress is ______ that.(twice, as…as…, expensive) 一、1----5 BACBC 6---7 CC 二、 1. heavier 2. good 3. quieter 4. cleverer 5. less 6. older 7. funnier 8. more expensive Homework: 1. as interesting as 2. much colder…than 3. two years older 4. not as scary as 5. better and better 6. more and more interested in