初级中学英语情态动词专项练习进步题.doc

*- 初中英语情态动词专项练习题 情态动词:can could may might will would must have to need had better should 情态动词特点 1.情态动词没有人称和数的变化. 2.情态动词后必须跟动词原形。 考点一：can，could, may，must 等情态动词的用法： 1. can 的用法： （1）.表示能力,译为“能、会”， 即有种能力，尤其是生来具备的能力。 She can swim fast, but I can’t . 她能游得很快，但我不能。 I can see with my eyes. 我用眼睛看。 （2）.表示许可，常在口语中。 You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。 （3）.表示推测，条件: 常用于否定句和疑问句中， 此时can’t 译为“ 不可能”。 Can the news be true? 这个消息会是真的吗？ —Can it be our teacher?那个人有可能是我们老师吗？ —No, it can’t be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall.不可能。咱们老师正在游览长城呢。 【例题】—I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there. —No. She __be there, I have just been there.　 A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.wouldn’t 【解析】根据下文“我刚去过那儿”可知，应为“ 不可能”， can’t 表示推测[答案] A 2. could的用法： （1）.can的过去式，意为“ 能、 会”，表示过去的能力。 He could write poems when he was 10. 他十岁时就会写诗。 （2）. could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时 could 没有过去式的意思。 Could you do me a favour? 你能帮我个忙吗？ —Could I use your pen? 我能用一下你的钢笔吗? —Yes, you can.可以。（注意回答,用could提问,必须用can来回答） 3. may的用法： （1）.表示请求、许可，比can 正式 May I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行车吗？ You may go home now. 现在你可以回家了。 【例题】—_______ I borrow your MP3? —Sure . Here you are. tA. May B.Should C.Must D. Would 【解析】 在此处表示请求，意为“ 做……可以吗”。　答案：A (2) .表示推测，谈论可能性，意为“ 可能， 或许”，条件:表示不太有把握的推测. It may rain tomorrow . 明天可能会下雨。 She may be at home. 她可能在家呢. (3) .may的过去式为might ，表示推测时。可能性低于may。 He is away from school. He might be sick. 他离开学校了，可能是他生病了。 (4) . 表示希望、祈求、祝愿，常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V May you have a good time. 祝你过得愉快。 May you be happy! 祝你幸福！ May you succeed！祝你成功！ 4. must的用法： (1).must 表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定”。 You must stay here until I come back.在我回来之前你必须呆在这儿。 Must I hand in my homework right now? 我必须现在交作业吗？ (2) 其否定形式mustn’t表示“ 一定不要 ” “千万别” “禁止, 不许”. You mustn’t play with fire. 你不许玩火。 You mustn’t be late. 你一定不要迟到。 （3）对must引导的疑问句，肯定回答为must，否定回答为needn’t 或 don’t have to . —Must I finish my homework?我现在必须完成作业吗？ —No, you needn’t.不，你不必。 (4)must表示推测,翻译成:想必,一定.条件:1.有把握的推测2.用于肯定句。 The light is on, so he must be at home now.灯亮着，他现在一定在家。 5. need的用法： （1）.need 表示需要、必须，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，其否定形式为needn’t，意为“没有必要，不必”。 用need 提问时，肯定回答为 must，否定回答为 needn’t或don’t have to。 —Need I stay here any longer? 我还有必要留在这儿吗？ —Yes, you must .是的。 —No. you needn’t /don’t have to. 不， 你不必。 (2).need 还可以作实义动词，此时有人称、数和时态的变化，常构成词组need to do sth。 I need to do it right now. 我需要马上做这件事。 He needs to learn more about the girl.他需要多了解那个女孩。 如果是物作主语，一般用need doing 与 need to be done这种情况下应注意两点： ①.主动形式的动名词doing具有被动的含义；②.该动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被动形式而句子的意义不变。 例如：. The door needs painting. = The door needs to be painted. 那扇门需要油漆一下。Your car needs mending. = Your car needs to be repaired. 你的车需要维修了。 6. shall 的用法： shall表示征求对方意见（多用于第一人称）， Shall we go out for a walk? 我们出去散步好吗？ 在英语中，我们可以用其他多种方式提出我们的建议或征求对方意见。 (1).用“Lets do...”来提出建议。如：Lets go for a walk after supper. (2).用“What/How about...?”来提出建议；about后接名词或动词ing形式。 如：What about/How about a drink? What about/How about taking Tom with us? (3).用“Why not...?”来提出建议，表示“何不……”not面后接动词原形。“Why not...?”实际上是“Why dont you/we...?”的简略形式。 如：Why not meet at the school gate at eight? Why dont we stay here another day? (4).用“Would you like...?”来提出建议，意思是“你想要……吗?”Would you like后可接名词或不定式。如：Would you like a cup of tea?　Would you like to go and see her? 因此，如果我们说：“去游泳好吗?”英语中可有这样几种表达法：Shall we go for a swim?　Lets go for a swim，shall we?　What about/How about going swimming?　Why not go for a swim?　Would you like to go for a swim?　What do you think of going for a swim? 8. should的用法： （1）.should 意为“应该” ，可表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等。 We should protect the environment. 我们应该保护环境。 9. will 的用法： will表示意愿、意志、打算，可用于多种人称。 I will help you if I’m free this afternoon.今天下午如果我有空，我就会帮你。 注意： 1、will在there be句型中的形式及其句式变换。 由于“一般将来时”的结构可以用“will+动词原形”来表示，所以there be句型的一般将来时的形式就是there will be。（一定不能说there will have） There are many students in our school. →There will be many students in our school. There will be a sports meeting next week. 一定不能说：There will have a sports meeting next week. 10. had better 的用法： had better “最好”，没有人称和数的变化，后面接动词原形，其否定形式为：had better not do。 We had better go now. 我们最好现在就走。 You had better not give the book to him.你最好不要把这本书给他。 考点二：含有情态动词的疑问句的回答 1.对 may 引出的问句，可以有下列回答方式： 肯定回答：Yes, you may. Yes, of course.　Yes, certainly.　Sure .　 否定回答：No, you mustn’t. No, you can’t. 2.对must引出的疑问句，回答方式为： Yes, …must. No,… needn’t/ don’t have to. 3.could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时 could 没有过去式的意思。 —Could I use your pen? 我能用一下你的钢笔吗? —Yes, you can.可以。（注意回答） 4. shall引出的疑问句用于第一人称， 表示征求对方意见或客气的请求。其回答方式有以下几种： Yes, please.　All right.　No, thank you. 5.would you…的回答方式有以下几种：Yes, I will. (No, I won’t.)　Sure . (I’m sorry , I can’t.)　All right/ OK/ With pleasure.　Certainly. (No, thank you .)　Yes, please. 【例题】—Would you do me a favour and pass on my thanks to Lily? —________. 　A.That’s right B.With pleasure C.It doesn’t matter D.No trouble 【解析】A. “对了” ，B. “ 乐意效劳”, C. “ 没关系” D. “不费事”。答案：B 【情态动词易混点归纳】 易混点一: can和be able to: 两者表示能力时用法相同，但can只有原形“can”和过去式“could”两种形式，在其他时态中 要用be able to 来表示。另外 be able to 常常指经过努力，花费了时间和劳力之后才能做到某事。如：Jim can’t speak English.吉姆不会说英语。He could speak English at 5. 他五岁时 就会说英语。We’ll be able to see him next week.下星期我们将会见到他。He has been able to drive. 他已经会开车了。I’m sure you’ll be able to finish it quickly.我相信你能迅速地完成。We were able to reach the top of the mountain at noon.我们能在中午到达山顶。 易混点二:can和may 1. can 和 may 均可用来征求意见或许可，意为“可以”， 一般可互换使用。如：Can/ May I help you ? 我能帮助你吗？　 2. can 和may 表示可能性时的区别： 1)在肯定句中用 might，may，must，不用can 2)在疑问句中表示推测用can，不用 might，may，must 3) 在否定句中用can’t（不可能）， 不用 may， must。 如：She may be in the classroom . 她可能在教室里。Where can they be now? 他们现在可能在哪儿？That can’t be true. 那不可能是真的。 易混点三: may be 和maybe 　　 用法区别 常用位置 may be may为情态动词， be为动词原形 句中，作谓语 maybe 副词，大概、也许，相当于perhaps 句首，作状语 例如：He may be wrong , but I’m not sure. 也许他错了，但我也不确定。 易混点四：can’t 和 mustn’t 1. can’t 根据其基本用法可译为： （1）不会。如：I can’t speak English . 我不会说英语。 （2）不能。如：We can’t do it now because it’s too dark.天太黑了，我们现在干不了。 （3）否定句中表示推测。“不可能”，如：The man can’t be our teacher because he is much younger than our teacher.. 那个人不可能是咱们老师，他年轻得多。 2. mustn’t 意为“ 禁止、不许”， 用来表达命令，表示强烈的语气。 如：You mustn’t play football in the street. It’s too dangerous.你不可以在街上踢足球，太危险了。　　 易混点五：must 和 have to 1.must 侧重于个人意志和主观上的必要。have to 侧重于客观上的必要，可用于现在时、过去时和将来时。如：I know I must study hard.我知道我必须努力学习。My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the mid-night.我弟弟病得厉害， 我只得半夜里把医生请来。I haven’t got any money with me, so I’ll have to borrow some from my friend.我身上没带钱，只好向朋友借点了。He said they must work hard.他说他们必须努力工作。 2. have to可以用于多种时态；而must只用于一般现在或将来。如：The composition is due to hand in this morning, so I had to finish it last night. 作文今天早晨到期，因此我不得不昨天晚上完成。 易混点六: used to do / be used to doing / be used to do…/ be used for doing sth used to do 表示过去常常发生的动作， 强调过去，只用于过去，注意用 to do，不用doing形式；而be used to doing 意为“习惯做…”， be 可有各种时态； be used to do 意为“……被使用去做……,” 为被动语态形式。be used for doing sth“用作……” 如：My father used to eating meat.我父亲过去起床晚，但现在不得不早起了。She is used to eating meat.她习惯吃肉。He wasn’t used to eating in a restaurant.他不习惯在饭店吃饭。A knife can be used for cutting things.(刀可以用来割东西)/ A knife can be used to cut things.(刀可以用来割东西) 【情态动词例题解析】 1、—________ you pass me a pen? I’d like to write down the phone number. —Sure. Here it is. A. Can B. Need C. Might D. Must 【解析】 由题干可知，本句表示请求、许可。答案：A 2、—May I go to the cinema, mum? — Certainly, but you ________ be back by 11 o’clock. A. can B. may C. must D. need 【解析】由题意可知， 此处并非表推测的用法， 而是妈妈对孩子提出的要求， 故选C, 意为“ 必须”。答案：C　 3、You ______ get there by bus. A. don’t need B. needn’t to C. don’t need to D. need don’t to 【解析】由选项A 可知 need 为实义动词， 故应加上to 才正确。 选项 B needn’t为情态动词， 应去掉to，故选 C. 4、You _______ worry about me. It’s nothing serious. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. won’t 【解析】 由题干 It’s nothing serious 可推断，第一句意为“你不必为我担心”， 故选C。 本题易错选B, mustn’t 意为“禁止”，故不正确。答案：C 5、—Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Please? —Sorry, I’m not sure . But it _______ be. A. might B.mustn’t C.can’t D.must 【解析】考查情态动词might 表推测的用法。 “I’m not sure” 说明说话者的语气并不肯定， 所以要用 might。答案：A 6、The man in the office___be Mr. Black, because he went home just now. A.mustn’t B.may not C.can’t D.needn’t 【解析】 由下文 he went home just now 可知办公室里那个人不可能是Mr. Black。mustn’t 意为“千万别”，may not 意为“可能不”， needn’t意为“不必”。 can’t 意为不可能， 故选C。 7、—Can you go surfing with us this afternoon? —I’d like to , but I __ look after my sister at home , because my mother is ill. A.need B.must C.have to D.should 【解析】 由题干my mother is ill 为客观要求可知， 选C. 8、—May I take this book out of the reading room? —______. Please read it here. A. Certainly B.No, you needn’t C.No, you mustn’t D.No, you may not 【解析】May I…?的否定答语为 No, you can’t/ mustn’t.；Must I …?否定答语为 No，you needn’t/don’t have to.;Can I …?的否定答语为 No，you can’t. 在口语交际中，要体会句子中的情感差别。答案：C　　 【情态动词活学巧练】 1 ( )1 John___ come to see us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet. A. may B. can C. has to D. must ( )2 They ___ do well in the exam. A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to ( )3 —May I take this book out? —No, you___. A. cant B. may not C. neednt D. arent ( )4 You___ go and see a doctor at once because youre got a fever. A. can B. must C. dare D. would ( )5 —Can you speak Japanese? —No, I____. A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt D. may not 2. ( )1. – He___ be in the classroom, I think —No, he ___ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago. A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; cant D. may; mustnt ( )2 —Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad? —Thanks, but you___, Ive had enough. A. may not B. must not C. cant D. neednt ( )3 Even the top students in our class cant work out this problem, so it be very difficult. A. may B. must C. can D. need ( )4 He isnt at school. I think he ___ be ill. A. can B. shall C. must D. has to ( )5 ___ I take this one? A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do 3( )1 The children___ play football on the road. A. cant B. can C. mustnt D. must ( )2 You ___ be late for school again next time. A. mustnt B. neednt C. dont have to D. dont need to ( )3 —Must I do my homework at once? —No, you___. A. neednt B. mustnt C. cant D. may not 4( )1 His arm is all right. He___ go and see the doctor. A. has not to B. dont have to C. havent to D. doesnt have to ( )2 Youd better___late next time. A. not to be B. not be C. wont be D. dont be ( )3 Youd better ___ your hair ___ once a month. A. had; cut B. had; cutted C. have; cut D. have; cutted ( )4 You___ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way. A. had better not to B. had not better C. had better D. had better not 6( )1 —Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday? —________ A. Here you are B. Sorry, I cant C. Yes, please D. Let me try ( )2 —Why dont you ask Mike to go with us? —Thanks, ___. A. I will B. I wont C. lean D. I may ( )3 —___ I take the newspaper away? —No, you mustnt. You____read it only here. A. Must; can B. May; can C. Need; must D. Must; must 7( )1 Excuse me. ___ you please pass me that cup? A. Do B. Should C. Would D. Must ( )2 ___ you like to have another try? A. Could B. Will C. Would D. Do ( )3 —Would you like to go boating with us? —Yes, ___. A. Id like B. I want C. Id like to D. I do 8( )1 You___ worry about your son. He will get well soon. A. neednt B. cant C. mustnt D. have to ( )2 —Must we do our homework first? —No, you___. You may have a rest first. A. mustnt B. neednt C. may not D. cant 情态动词练习题 1. It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack _______ be here at any moment. 　　A. must B. need C. should D. can 2. Johnny, you _______ play with the knife, you _______ hurt yourself. 　A. won’t; can’tB. mustn’t; may shouldn’t; mustD. can’t; shouldn’t 3. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _______ get out. 　　A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to 4. —When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. 　—They _______ be ready by 12:00. 　　A. can B. should C. might D. need 5. —Are you coming to Jeff’s party? 　—I’m not sure. I _______ go to the concert instead. 　　A. must B. would C. should D. might 6. —Is John coming by train? 　—He should, but he _______ not. He likes driving his car. 　　A. must B. can C. need D. may 7. A left-luggage office is a place where bags _____ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station. 　　A. should B. can C. must D. will 8. When he was there, he ___ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day. 　　A. would B. should C. had better D. might 9. It has been announced that candidates _____ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. A. canB. will C. mayD. shall 10. How ______ou say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only a part of the article? A. canB. mustC. needD. may 11. —I hear you’ve got a set of valuable Australian coin. _______ I have a look? 　　—Yes, certainly. 　　A. Do B. May C. Shall D. Should