浙江地区大学英语三级复习资料(写作).doc

,. 浙江省大学英语三级复习资料（写作部分） 一、考试大纲： 写作（Writing）部分测试考生用英语进行书面表达的能力，所占分值比例为15%，考试时间为30分钟。写作部分选用考生所熟悉的题材，考生根据规定的题目和所提供的提纲、情景、图片或图表等，写出一篇不少于100词的短文。写作要求为思想表达准确、意义连贯、无严重语法错误。 二、选材原则： 写作部分考核学生用英语进行书面表达的能力。要求考生用英语进行短文写作，思想表达准确、意义连贯、无重大语言错误。写作部分考核的技能是： A.思想表达 1）表达中心思想； 2）表达重要或特定信息； 3）表达观点、态度等； B.篇章组织 4）围绕所给的题目叙述、议论或描述，突出重点； 5）连贯地组句成段、组段成篇； C.语言运用 6）运用恰当的词汇； 7）运用正确的语法； 8）运用合适的句子结构； 9）使用正确的标点符号； 10）运用衔接手段表达句间关系（如比较、原因、结果、程度、目的等）； D.写作格式 11）运用正确的符合英语表达习惯的写作格式。 三、考试策略 考试作文策略：切题　文理通顺 大学英语三级考试作文是在考核学生英语书面表达的能力。作文的考试时间为30分钟，要求写出不少于100个单词的文章。在内容上要求写的是社会，文化或者日常生活的一般常识，不涉及知识面过广，专业性太强的内容。对作文的要求是：切题，文理通顺，表达正确，意思连贯，无重大语言错误。 我们按照体裁把作文考试分为：说明文，议论文，应用文，记叙文和图表作文。针对这些文章的考试类型，我们用何种方式提高作文成绩呢?首先，需要我们了解PRETCO作文的评分原则。CET作文采用奖励分(Global Scoring)方法。阅卷人员就总的印象给出奖励分(Reward Score)，而不是按语言点的错误给扣分。更需要我们了解的是，CET作文是从语言和内容两个方面对作文进行综合评判。鉴于此要求，我们考生在写PRETCO作文的时候就需要我们分别从文章的内容以及文章的语言两个角度进行提高。 关于文章内容： 一 认真审题，确保文章内容正确。 当考生看到一个文章题目的时候，首先要保证审题正确。审题并不是简单指看懂作文题目的含义，更重要的是需要我们掌握题目所列提纲中的内容。在此，建议我们考生在考试的过程中将提纲中的关键词划出来，作为思路打开的依据。所以，读懂考题，划出考题关键词是我们解决内容的第一步，也是很重要的一步。这是我们的文章“写的对”的一个重要保证。第二步是依据要点，打开思路。所谓要点就是我们在审题的过程中划出的关键词。这是保证文章“写的多”。最后一步是筛选出最佳写作思路从而达到文章“写得好”的目的。 二 多读范文，确保文章内容充实。 许多考生面临的问题并不是英文表达的问题，甚至会发现这样的情况：即使要求考生用中文作文都会出现无从下笔的尴尬情况。如何能够打开我们的思路让我们看到文章题目就可以做到有的说，有的写呢?行之有效的方式就是去阅读一些文字材料，扩充自己的文化背景知识。我认为，很多考生虽然也背诵文章，但却只是死记硬背，不知道如何将自己背下来的内容应用于自己的文章当中使其成为自己文章的内容。我们真正需要的是把平时积累的随时随地用在我们的写作中。因此，我们在注重积累的同时，一定在平时练习的时候，把他们多家运用。只有多练多用，才能真正达到学以致用，才能真正提高写作水平。 关于语言质量： 一、选词的正确性和多变性 所谓词汇的正确性是指，我们在有一个词近而想到它的同义词之后，要结合语境选择恰当的用词。在这里必须指明的是，并不是词汇等级越高越好，必须还要考虑到适合于不同的语境。我们在写作的时候首先要保证选择词语的正确性。在英文当中有很多单词的中文意思是相同的，但是具体的含义并不相同，这是就需要考生判断应该选择哪个单词来表达自己想表达的含义。 另外，词汇一定要多变。写作时尽量不要让相同的单词同时出现在一篇文章当中，我们可以用其他的单词进行替代。在替代的过程中，我们要尽量选择一些有难度的单词进行替代。如“主要的原因”：main reasons. “主要的”可以替代为：primary, essential, crucial, indispensable, Fundamental等。丰富多变的用词是文章的最大亮点。 二 造句 英文写作中一个重要的创作规律就是追求语言的丰富多变，在文章中除了词的多变以外，我们还可以丰富句型句式。在英语中，有很多的特殊句式都可以成功的成为文章的闪光点，如：倒装句，强调句，插入语等。如：Only in this way can we solve this problem.这就是一个很简单的倒装句。 很多考生平时写作不太擅长用词组，对于他们而言最习惯的就是想到汉语，然后对应汉语思维写出英语句子，这种写作只能是单词的罗列组合，谈不上什么技巧文采可言，因此，写出来的文章必然就是所谓平淡无味，并不是地道的英文。如果我们能够在单词的基础上，进一步想到与之同义的词组，那么文章就会显得与众不同，更具有英语的味道。比如下面这样一个简单的例子： English is important for us. English is of importance for us. English plays an important role in our life. 关于最后的冲刺： 这几年的考题全部都是三段式议论文体，所以大家也可以把这次的重点放在议论文上。在剩下一个月的时间里，给自己至少写5-7篇的写作任务。零基础的同学可以从简单的抄写做起，基础弱的同学可以从仿写做起，基础一般的同学可以从句式和模板练起，而基础好的同学则要注意语言的精度和纯度。想提高，请现在就开始“写”。 四：考试辅导 1. 浙江大学英语三级考试作文辅导之点睛句 1. According to a recent survey， four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking. 依照最近的一项调查，每年有4，000，000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。 2. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework. 最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。 3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet. 没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。 4. People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation. 人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。 5. An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation. 越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。 6. When it comes to education， the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study. 说到教育，大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。 7. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person‘s physical fitness. 许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。 8. Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful effects of international tourism. 应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量，努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业的不利影响。 9. An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city. However， this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents， who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution. 越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设起到积极作用。然而，越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法，他们抱怨民工给城市带来了许多严重的问题，像犯罪和卖淫。 10. Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus， which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers. 许多市民抱怨城市的公交车太少，以至于他们要花很长时间等一辆公交车，而车上可能已满载乘客。 11. There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem： the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it. 无可否认，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题：城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。 12. An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement. 一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休。 13. A proper part-time job does not occupy students’ too much time. In fact， it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes： All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间，事实上，把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康，正如那句老话：只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。 14. Any government， which is blind to this point， may pay a heavy price. 任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。 15.Nowadays， many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately， for most young people， it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus. 当前，一提到即将开始的学校生活，许多学生都会兴高采烈。然而，对多数年轻人来说，校园刚开始的日子并不是什么愉快的经历。 16. In view of the seriousness of this problem， effective measures should be taken before things get worse. 考虑到问题的严重性，在事态进一步恶化之前，必须采取有效的措施。 17. The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills， which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets. 大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。 18. It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure. 无可争辩，现在有成千上万的人仍过着挨饿受冻的痛苦生活。 19. Although this view is wildly held， this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place. 尽管这一观点被广泛接受，很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。 20. No one can deny the fact that a person‘s education is the most important aspect of his life. 没有人能否认：教育是人生最重要的一方面。 2. 浙江大学英语三级考试作文加分句型 一、~~~ the + ~ est + 名词 + （that） + 主词 + have ever + seen （ known/heard/had/read， etc） ~~~ the most + 形容词 + 名词 + （that） + 主词 + have ever + seen （ known/heard/had/read， etc） 例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen. 海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。 Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had. 张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。 二、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V 例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education. 没有比接受教育更重要的事。 三、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.（再怎么强调。..的重要性也不为过。） 例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. 我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。 四、There is no denying that + S + V 。..（不可否认的。..） 例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse. 不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。 五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~ （全世界都知道。..） 例句：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us. 全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。 六、There is no doubt that + 句子~~ （毫无疑问的。..） 例句：There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired. 毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。 七、An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子 （。..的优点是。..） 例句：An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won’t create （produce） any pollution. 使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。 八、The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子 （。..的原因是。..） 例句：The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air./ The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us. 我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。 3. 浙江大学英语三级考试作文常用句型 问题的常用词：question， problem， issue Recently， the issue of 。。。。。。 has been brought into public focus. 近来，_______的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。 Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities and innovations， and great changes have taken place in people‘s attitude towards some traditional practice. 现在我们进入了一个充满机遇和创新的崭新时代，很多人对某些传统的看法也发生了很大改变。 Recently the issue of whether or not 。。。 has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public. 近来，是否_______的问题已经非常明确而且引起了社会的广泛关注。 The issue whether it is good or not to 。。。。 has aroused a heated discussion all over the country. ______的利与弊已在全国范围内引起热烈的讨论。 At present， some people think 。。。.while others claim 。。.Both sides have their merits. 目前，一些人认为_______而另一些人则认为_______。其实，两种观点都其可取之处。 People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue. 对于这种极具争议的话题，我们很难作出绝对的回答。 People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case. 不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。 The controversial issue is often brought into public focus. People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the issue. 这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同。 When asked 。。。， some people think.。。。。 while some prefer.。。 说到______，有人认为________，而另一些人则认为__________。 Just as the saying goes： “so many people， so many minds”。 It is quite understandable that views on this issue vary from person to person. 俗话说，“”。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。 To this issue， different people come up with various attitudes. 对于这个问题，不同的人持不同的观点。 There is a good side and a bad side to everything， it goes without saying that.。。 万事万物都有其两面性，所以，勿庸置疑，____________。 When it comes to 。。。， most people believe that 。。。， but other people regard 。。.as 。。。。 提到_________问题，很多人认为_________，不过，一些人则认为______是____. When faced with.。。。， quite a few people claim that 。。。。， but other people think as.。。 提到_________问题，仅少数人认为________，但另一些人则认为_________。 There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of 。。。。 There who criticize 。。.argue that 。。。。， they believe that 。。。，but people who favor 。。， on the other hand， argue that.。。 目前，_______问题争议较大。批判_______的人认为_______，他们认为_______，不过，另一方面，赞同_______的人则认为_________。 Some people are of the opinion that.。 有些人认为_____________。 Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention， one of which is that.。。。 随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是____________。 As to whether it is a blessing or a curse， however， people take different attitudes. 然而，对于此类问题，人们持不同的看法。（Hold different attitudes 持不同的看;Come up with different attitudes 有不同的看法） As society develops， people are attaching much importance to.。。。 随着社会的发展，人们开始关注。。。。。。。。。。。。 People are attaching more and more importance to the interview during job hunting 求职的过程中，人们慢慢意识到面试的重要性。 As to whether it is worthwhile 。。。。。， there is a long-running controversial debate. It is quite natural　that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it. 关于是否值得___________的问题，一直以来争论不休。当然，不同的人对此可能持不同的观点。 In the process of modern urban development， we often find ourselves in a dilemma. 在都市的发展中，我们往往会陷入困境。 Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern， some people are in alarm that.。。。 最近，这种现象引起了人们的广泛关注，有人开始担心______________。 The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history， with the increasingly rapid economic globalization and urbanization， more problems are brought to our attention. 人类进入了一个历史的崭新的阶段，经济全球化、都市化的速度不断加快，随之给我们带来了很多问题。 。。。。。。 plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the biggest concern of the present world， there comes a question， is it a blessing or a curse？“ _______显得非常重要而成为当今世界所关注的最大的问题，这是无可厚非的。不过，问题是：”我们该如何抉择？“ Now we are entering a new era， full of opportunities and challenges， 现在我们正在进入一个充满机会和挑战的新时代。 4. 浙江大学英语三级考试作文（议论文）模板句型 议论文的不同观点列举型（选择型） There is a widespread concern over the issue that 作文题目。 But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people thinkthat 观点一。 In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows： in the first place， 原因一.Furthermore， in the second place， 原因二。 So it goes without saying that 观点一。 People，however，differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that观点二。 In their point of view， on the one hand，原因一。 On the other hand， 原因二。 Therefore， there is no doubt that 观点二。 As far as I am concerned， I firmly support the view that 观点一或二_. It is not only because ________， but also because _________. The more _______， the more ______. 谚语警句性议论文 It is well know to us that the proverb： “ 谚语 has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study. It means 谚语的含义。 The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows. （also theoretically ） A case in point is 例子一。 Therefore， it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb 谚语 With the rapid development of science and technology in China， an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying： 谚语。 The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying， the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job. 利弊型的议论文 Nowadays， there is a widespread concern over （the issue that）作文题目。 In fact， there are both advantages and disadvantages in 题目议题。 Generally speaking， it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly， 优点一。 And secondly 优点二。 Just as a popular saying goes， ”every coin has two sides“，讨论议题is no exception， and in another word， it still has negative aspects. To begin with，缺点一。 In addition， 缺点二。 To sum up， we should try to bring the advantages of 讨论议题into full play， and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case， wewill definitely make a better use of the 讨论议题。 答题性议论文 Currently， there is a widespread concern over （the issue that）作文题目.It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result， we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem. As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all， 途径一。 In addition， another way contributing to success of the solving problem is 途径二。 Above all， to solve the problem of 作文题目， we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned， I would prefer to solve the problem in this way， that is to say，方法。 说明利弊题型 Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally， its advantages can be seen as follows. First ----------------（A的优点之一）。 Besides -------------------（A的优点之二）。 But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ----------------（A的第一个缺点）.To make matters worse，------------------（A的第二个缺点）。 Through the above analysis， I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore， I would like to ---------------（我的看法）。 （Or： From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A， we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way， ---------------（对前景的预测）。 解决方法题型 In recent days， we have to face I problem-----A， which is becoming more and more serious. First， ------------（说明A的现状）.Second， ----------（举例进一步说明现状） Confronted with A， we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing， ---------------（解决方法一）。 For another -------------（解决方法二）。 Finally， --------------（解决方法三）