汇编大学英语3第三单元课后练习进步知识学习标准答案第三版.doc

,. Unit 3 Social Problems In-class Reading Passage 课内阅读练习答案 Part One Preparation 1. Describing the Pictures Picture A：A couple is dining at a restaurant. Both of them are smoking. But they call and complain to the waiter, saying that those sitting at the other tables are coughing too much and that bothers them. However, they have not realized that actually it is their smoking that has caused those people to cough. I have seen many people who behave like this couple. They never take other people’s interest into consideration. They are selfish and always ready to find fault with others. They never see their own wrong doings but always make a false counter-charge. They are despised by most other people. Picture B: In this picture I see a strange beggar. While most beggars beg for food or drinks, this guy begs for money in order to buy wines. He wants to try all the 596,704 wines existing in this world. He said he already tasted 38,279 wines out of that number. Suppose he tries one kind of wine one day, it would have taken him more than 100 years to come so far. He is really an ambitious man. However, if he has the ambition to try all the existing wines, he should work hard and make money himself instead of begging for other people’s money to enjoy what life can offer. There are some people like this beggar these days. They want to enjoy life, but not based on their own hard work or effort. They want a free lunch and many of them live on borrowed money. I don’t think this is a good attitude towards life. Everyone should work hard to make a good living. Picture C: I see a court with a judge, a defendant and probably a lawyer in the picture. What is strange about this picture is that I find a tip pot, which is usually placed in a restaurant for waiters or waitress. They get tips for their excellent services to their customers. Waiters or waitresses who get generous tips will provide even better service to customers. However, a court is a place for people to seek justice and fairness. It punishes the guilty and releases the innocent. If judges start to take tips, I doubt that there will be any more justice. People will no longer be treated equally and truth will not be valued. Judgment will not be made based on facts, but on how big the tip is. What an evil place! Picture D: In this picture I see two men behind bars. One is telling his fellow prisoner that he did not commit the crimes that he had been accused of committing. His mistake was that he stole the identity of a guy who had committed those crimes. The police took him for that guy and put him in jail. They actually got the wrong person. And he was innocent. Was he really innocent? I don’t think so. He was a thief, and he was not innocent at all. However, he received a heavier punishment than he deserved. So that was an irony. The guy stole another person’s identity and in a sense he inherited his crimes as well. So never take other people’s stuff, whatever it is. No one can escape punishment. 2. Interview time—the most intolerable behavior(s) in public places --I have interviewed 5 classmates, two girls and three boys. I asked each of them to list three intolerable behaviors in public places. Three of them said speaking loudly in the library was the most intolerable behavior. Library is a quiet place for students to read and do their homework. If someone speaks loudly, most of them feel interrupted and disturbed. It is hard for them to concentrate on their studies any longer. Other intolerable behaviors include knocks at a dormitory door at midnight asking about homework due the next day, someone not taking bath for a long time, letting pets pee everywhere, smoking, wearing clothes that cover very little of the body, being late for classes, banging doors, and making big noises while eating. --I asked 6 students what they thought were the most intolerable behaviors in public places. It seems that public display of love (kissing in public places and video talk with boyfriends in dorm) ranks the first. It makes those who have no boyfriend or girlfriend feel pathetic about themselves and it also makes roommates unable to concentrate on studies. Other intolerable behaviors are playing computer games in the dormitory, riding bicycles in the wrong direction, spitting, taking off one’s shoes, picking flowers from a park, shaking legs, pretending to understand others, leaving dirty clothes in the bathroom for days, doing morning exercises before 6 o’clock, jumping the queue, and letting young children pee or poo on street 3. Conference on Social Problems Chinese delegate: I think the biggest social problem in China is its large population. Many other problems arise from this, such as high housing price and the decline of natural resources. These days, food safety seems to be the biggest concern of ordinary people. Some food producers who look for big profits are using unnecessary chemicals in food production to improve the appearance and taste while reducing the cost of their products. These chemicals may be poisonous or even fatal to their consumers. At the same time, the environment is being seriously polluted in some areas. Japanese delegate: The unstable political system and frequent change of prime ministers is one of the most serious social problems in Japan. Natural disasters like earthquakes and tsunamis have also caused serious loss of people’s lives and great damage to properties as well as the country’s economic development. Being an island country, Japan lacks natural resources and is heavily dependent on imports. Russian delegate: Russia is facing many social problems, terrorism being the most serious of all. This can be traced back to the breakup of the former Soviet Union. When it was broken up, different nationalities experienced pain and conflicts. Since the privatization of the previously state-owned properties, a big gap has been created between the rich and the poor. Some people don’t trust the government any longer. Due to the extreme cold weather in winter, many Russian men are addicted to alcohol and some of them die young, leaving a larger female population. The total population of our country is, as a result, decreasing. Indian delegate: In India the biggest social problems are overpopulation, talent loss and poor infrastructure. India has a second largest population in the world next only to China, but unlike China, we don’t have a family planning policy, so the population is continuously increasing. A large part of the population lives in poverty and is unable to receive proper education. What’s more, we use too much of the natural resources and environment pollution is getting even worse. In India, we worship certain animals like cows. They are allowed to wander on the streets, leading to frequent traffic jam and cow waste on the streets. USA delegate: We are currently experiencing the most severe economic recession in our history. It is partly caused by the international weakened financial system, but even more by the careless policies of many of our largest banks and commercial companies, and by irresponsible handling of financial matters by individuals and families. The unemployment rate in the US remains high, but is slowly improving. We have a high crime rate, including several campus shootings, and many of our metropolitan areas are unsafe much of the time. Our health care system is undergoing a reform but there is so much disagreement between the two main political parties that little progress has been made to date. Ordinary people have difficulty paying for the high cost of medical coverage, and economically deprived people have very limited medical coverage. We have overused and poorly handled many of our natural resources. The worst of all, we claim to have the best medical care in the world, but in reality it adequately covers only the higher and middle income portions of our population. All of the above have contributed to rather pessimistic feeling by many of our citizens. We also have disagreement on the global warming and other programs related to energy use, including the fact that we have been very dependent upon petroleum purchase from some Middle East countries with whom we have serious political differences, including the role of atomic energy and related atomic bombs and missiles. Part Two Reading-Centered Activities Pre-Reading Case study: What would you do? To the teacher: You may: 1) Prompt (if necessary) the students to think about practical issues like child-care, location of the school, location of the apartment, work place, etc. 2) Encourage the students to justify why both parents (or just one) accept the jobs. Samples 1) It depends. If I were the wife, I would persuade my husband to accept the job. As for me, before making a final decision, I would take into consideration such factors as child-care facilities, location of the school, location of the apartment, etc. 2) Both of us will accept the jobs. On the one hand, the jobs are challenging, which is good for our personal fulfillment. On the other hand, with the money we get, we could find a babysitter for our child or send him to a private school, where he may receive better education. 3) Neither of us will take the job. I think parents should spend more time with their children. A challenging, high-salary job means less time with your child. If we move to a city where we don’t have any relatives, it would be even worse. A child who grows up with little care from parents or family is very likely to become a problem kid. Post- Reading Reading Comprehension 1. What the Text Discusses 1) financial 2) career 3) later 4) guilty 5) hurt 6) resentful 7) productive 8) independence 9) responsibility 10) trusted 11) frightening 12) resentment 13) abandoned 14) factors 15) quality 2. Understanding Specific Information 1) T 2) F 3) T 4) F 5) T 6) F 7) T 8) F 3. Comparing Experiences Samples 1) In our group, two of us were latchkey children, two were taken care of by their grandparents, and one was taken care of by his mother because his mother did not work. The two who were once latchkey children had felt very much the same as the children mentioned in the passage. They felt lonely and watched TV a lot. But compared with the other students in our group, they are more independent. So in a way, it is good to leave children alone at home for some time every day. 2) In our group, only one person was once a latchkey child. Both her parents were working far away from home and she had to be on her own at home for most of the time on weekdays. The rest of us were taken care of either by our grandparents or by our parents. Every day when we came home after school, there was always somebody there waiting for us and taking care of us. We could also go out and play with other children after we had finished our homework. But sometimes we did wish to be left alone so that we could spend the time as we wished. 3) I was once a latchkey child. Both my parents had to work night shifts when I was in elementary school. Every evening I did homework all by myself and then went to bed. I played computer games for a while if I finished my homework early. Sometimes I went to school before my parents came home. My parents knew that I could take good care of myself. They felt proud of me since I was so independent and did a good job at school. Sometimes they called me to make sure I was okay. I never felt lonely and was aware that my parents loved and cared for me. Weekends were precious time for all of us. Vocabulary 1. 1) c 2) h 3) g 4) a 5) e 6) k 7) i 8) d 9) l 10) b 11) j 12) f 2. 1) constantly 2) impact 3) burden 4) Candidly 5) fulfillment 6) salaried 7) resentment 8) assistance 9) perfect 10) suppress 3. 1) successfully 2) resentment 3) security 4) necessity 5) advisable 6) access/accessibility 7) athletic 8) maturity 9) emotional 10) effectively 4. Sentence-Making Game Tips for teachers: Step 1: Write on the blackboard about 20 words or phrases that appear in the text. An even number is desirable since the students will be divided into 2 groups. A possible list: rise decade expense financial affect on the other hand priority engage range forbid isolate stimulate express claim widespread given work out take into consideration in case of secure arise cope with demand provide Step 2: Divide the students into two groups. Step 3: The students make sentences using the words on the blackboard. Each sentence can include more than one word and must be meaningful and grammatically correct. One point is awarded for each correctly used word. The teacher crosses out the word which has been correctly used. If the word is crossed out, it cannot be used again. Step 4: Students are encouraged to work quickly and raise their hands as soon as they come up with a sentence. The teacher works as a judge; the group that gets higher points wins. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the expressions in brackets. 1) Because of an emergency, the doctor will not be available for several hours. 2) How will taxes affect people with low incomes? 3) My mother always told me that in the long run I would be glad I didn’t give up practicing the piano. 4) The books range in price from $10 to $20. 5) It seems to me that you don’t have much choice. 6) Given their inexperience, they have done quite a good job. 7) For such a big house the price is fairly cheap/low, but you’ve got to take into consideration the money you will spend on repairs. 8) Can we begin by discussing questions/problems arising from the last meeting? Part Three Further Development 1. Enriching Your Word Power Step One 1) A 2) B 3) A 4) A 5) A 6) C 7) C 8) A 9) C 10) B Step Two Directions: Work out the Criminal Crossword in groups (请参照第二版教师用书第三册第三课第56页上的图) Step Three Directions: Complete the following text with the appropriate word. 1) creates 2) individuals 3) makes 4) combination 5) however 6) fall 7) responsible 8) which 9) difference 10) that 11) tempted 12) used 13) lowest 14) died 15) reducing 16) quick 17) reason 18) principle 19) minor 20) message 2. Putting the Paragraphs in Order Step One Directions: Read the following paragraphs carefully and put them in the right order. The right order should be: E—B—F—C—A—G—D 3. Graffiti -- Is it good or bad? STEP One Answers for reference: Political : We want work. End violence to women now. Tourists yes troops no. Make love not war. Funny: