高三英语培优外刊阅读学案:医学话题.docx
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1、高三英语培优外刊阅读班级:_学号:_姓名:_外刊精选首例猪肾移植人体获成功,突破还是噱头?上周,一则猪肾脏移植人体并成功存活的新闻震惊了医学界。看到这则新闻,我们的第一反应恐怕都是满满的问号:猪肾真的能移植到人体吗?有没有副作用?手术能大范围推广吗?纽约时报的这篇报道,就讲述了这项试验的经过以及未来前景。In a First, Surgeons Attached a Pig Kidney to a Human, and It WorkedBy Roni Caryn RabinSurgeons in New York have successfully attached a kidney gro
2、wn in a genetically altered pig to a human patient and found that the organ worked normally, a scientific breakthrough that one day may yield a vast new supply of organs for severely ill patients.Researchers have long sought to grow organs in pigs that are suitable for transplantation into humans. T
3、echnologies like cloning and genetic engineering have brought that vision closer to reality in recent years, but testing these experimental organs in humans has presented daunting ethical questions.So surgeons at N.Y.U. Langone Health took an astonishing step: With the familys consent, they attached
4、 the pigs kidney to a brain-dead patient who was kept alive on a ventilator, and then followed the bodys response while taking measures of the kidneys function. It is the first operation of its kind.The researchers tracked the results for just 54 hours, and many questions remained to be answered abo
5、ut the long-term consequences of such an operation. The procedure will not be available to patients any time soon, as there are significant medical and regulatory hurdles to overcome. Still, experts in the field hailed the surgery as a milestone.The prospect of raising pigs to harvest their organs f
6、or humans is bound to raise questions about animal welfare and exploitation, though an estimated one hundred million pigs already are killed in the United States each year for food.【词汇过关】请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。1.surgeon sdn n. _2.surgery /sdri/ n. _3.breakthrough brekru n._4.yield jild v._n. _5.vast vst
7、adj. _6.long l adv. _7.seek sik v. _8.transplantation trnsplanten n. _9.present przent v. _10.daunting dnt adj. _11.ethical ekl adj. _12.consent knsent n./v. _13.track trk v. _14.procedure prsid n. _15.prospect prspekt n. _【词块学习】请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。1.首次,第一次_2.转基因的_3.使A更接近B_4.迈出一步,采取一个措施_5.测量_6.同类当中的_
8、7.医疗和监管障碍_8.将A称赞为B_9.一定会,必然会_拓展练习阅读理解As with other organs like the heart, lungs, or liver, human life depends on healthy kidneys (肾脏). One way to help a patient with kidney trouble is to replace their kidneys with healthy kidneys, which is called a “transplant”. For years, scientists have tried to f
9、igure out how to transplant organs from other animals into humans. This is hard because the human body almost always rejects something that isnt its own.Scientists have tried transplanting organs from chimpanzees (黑猩猩) or baboons (狒狒), but this didnt work very well. More recently, scientists have fo
10、cused on transplants from pigs. In many ways, pigs bodies are similar to humans. Its fairly easy to raise pigs, and they grow quickly. Its now common for doctors to transplant pig heart valves (瓣膜) to repair damaged human hearts. Heart valves open and close to help the heart pump blood.But human bod
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