2019年度中考英语考纲词汇知识A.doc
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1、.Aa(an), e(n) art. 一(个、件)用法:不定冠词的常见用法第一次提到,表示泛指。含有数量“一”的概念,但是不如one强烈。abilityblt n. 能力;才能a man of ability 有能力的人the ability to do sth. 做某事的能力able eb()l a.能够;有能力的 be able to do sth. 有能力做某事about batprep.对于,关于;大约;在.周围be about to do即将.We were about to go when it suddenly rained.我们正要出发,突然天下雨了。look about 四处
2、寻找run about 到处跑What/How about?abovebv prep.在上面 above all 最重要的是Above all, the work must be finished before nine by ourselves.最重要的是,工作必须在九点之前由我们自己独立完成。注意:above的反义词为belowabroadbrd ad. 到(在)国外 from abroad从国外,从海外His parents have just come back from abroad.他的父母刚刚从海外回来,我们去看望他们吧。go abroad 出国absentbsnt a. 缺席;
3、不在 acceptksept vt. 接受 近义词辨析:accept 和receiveaccept 是“接受、认可“的意思,是收到并接受;receive 有”收到“的意思,但不一定接受。I received a lot of gifts on my birthday, but I didnt accept any.生日那天我收到许多礼物,但是我并没有收下任何礼物。I received his invitation but I didnt accept it.(我收到他的邀请,但我没接受。)accidentksdntn. 事故; 偶然by accident意外地,偶然地a traffic acc
4、ident 交通事故according toprep. 根据;依照accordingto 根据,按照 achievetivvt. 达到;取得 He hopes to achieve all the aims soon .(他希望很快达成所有目标。)acrosskrsprep横过;穿过 acrossprep.在.对面,横穿近义词辨析:across 和throughacross表示“横过,穿过”,着重指从路线或物体表面的一边到另一边(表面)。across the street横过马路through “穿过,从中间通过”,着重指从空间的一头穿到另一头(内部)。through the forest 穿
5、过森林actktn.v. 法令;条例表演,扮演(角色);演出,行动 act as担任(起.作用)词性转换:actor/actress n.男演员/女演员action k()nn.行动 We must take action right now, otherwise well be late.我们现在就得采取行动了,否则就迟到了。activektva.积极的,主动的 take an active part in 积极参加.I dont think everyone should take an active part in the social activities.我认为并不是所有的人都应该积
6、极参与到社会活动中去。activityktvt n.活动 actorktn.演员,男演员,行动者 actressktrsn.女演员 addd vt.增添;增加add to 增加,增添add up 合计add up to 合计达addto 把.添加到.addressdresn.地址 advantage dvntdn.优点;好处 advertisement dv:tsmnt(ad)n.公告;启事;广告Have you read the want ad in the newspaper?你看过报纸上的招聘广告吗?Put an advertisement in the newspaperadviced
7、vasn. 忠告;劝告;建议 a piece of advice一条建议ask for advice寻求建议give advice提建议take/follow ones advice接受/采纳某人的建议advisedvazvt. 忠告;劝告;建议 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事My teacher advised me to do more reading.(我的老师建议我多读。)afford fdvt. 负担的起(的费用);抽的出(时间);提供 Mary was not able to afford a new car.(玛丽买不起新车。)afraidfreda.
8、 害怕的;担心的 be afraid of 害怕.Dont be afraid of asking for help from others.不要害怕向别人求助。be afraid for 担心.Im afraid for my sister. 我担心我的妹妹。Im afraid so./Im afraid not. /Im afraid that.Africa n. 非洲 African a.非洲的,非洲人的 after ft(r)adv./prep/conj. 在.之后;晚于after all终究,毕竟It has turned out to be a nice day after all
9、.天气终于转晴了。afternoon ftnun n.下午,午后 in the afternoonon Monday afternoonon the afternoon ofagainen ad. 再一次;再,又 again and again一次又一次地,反复地,再三地I called him again and again, but he didnt answer the telephone.我一次又一次地给他打电话,可是他就是不接。now and again 有时He came to see me now and again.他过去有时来看望我。against enst prep.对着,
10、反对 对着,反对If no one is against this plan, lets carry it out.如果没有人反对这个计划,那我们就开始吧。靠着,依着The policeman asked the young man to standagainst the wall.警察命令那个年轻人靠着墙站好。age edn.年龄;时代 for ones age论年龄He looks older for his age because of years ofhard work. 由于多年操劳,他看起来比实际年龄大。at the age of 在.岁时ago ad. 以前 long ago很久
11、以前,从前Long long ago there was a king and he loved horses. 很久以前,有一位国王,他喜爱马。some time ago 不久前Some time ago, I heard he would come to see me.不久前,我听说他要来看我。a while ago 刚才He was here a while ago. 他刚才还在这儿。近义词辨析:ago 和 beforeago: 应注意两点:用于一般过去时;它所指的时间是从现在算起。before: 也应该注意两点:用于过去完成时;她所指的时间不是从现在算起,而是从过去某一时刻算起。A s
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