选修八-重点短语句型.doc
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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date选修八-重点短语句型选修八-重点短语句型Book 8 Unit 1 A land of diversityPart 1 课文知识点归纳-1. have the distinction of 有与众不同之处2. live on 继续存在(生存)3. by means of 用办法,借助4. in addition (to) 除之外,加之5. fight against
2、与作斗争6. declare war on / upon 对宣战7. in the early1800s 在19世纪初8. in and around 内外,以内及周边9. make a life 习惯新的生活、工作方式等10. by the time 到时为止11. of ones own 属于自己的12. keep up 沿袭,保持,坚持13. back to back 背靠背14. team up with 与合作或一起工作15. mark out 划线, 标出界限16. take in 包括(含),吸收(引),理解,了解17. a great / good many 许多18. app
3、ly for 申请,请求19. consist of 由组成20. be shaped like 形状像21. draw a distinction betweenand 把.和区分开来22. be on holiday 在休假23. give ones love /regards to sb.代向某人问好24. make comments / about /on/ upon sth. 对发表评论25. go exploring 去探险26. be exhausted 筋疲力尽的27. a tourist area 旅游区28. take ferry to 渡船到29. feel like d
4、oing sth 喜欢做某事30. have a good view of 把尽收眼底31. rather than 而不是32. grasp the opportunity of 抓住的机会33. a two-way activity 一次互动的活动34. the Immigration Service 移民局35. due to 由于,因为36. a credit card 信用卡37. further ones studies 进修, 深造38. be responsible for 对负责39. be controversy over / about 对争议40. without do
5、ubt 毫无疑问41. take over 接任,接收42. react to 对作出反应句型: 1. However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. 然而, 可能美洲土著人至少一万五千年前就生活在加利福尼亚。 It is likely that.句型中的It为形式主语,that引导真正的主语从句。2. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be
6、 so great that there will be no major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures. 人们相信,过不了多久,国籍间相混的程度将非常大, 以至于不再有大的种族和文化团体,而仅仅是一个多种种族和文化的混合体。 It is said / believed / thought / supposed / guessed / reported / hoped / expected / concluded / announced / arranged that 后接主
7、语从句构成常用句型,it 为形式主语。 (1). 据说多喝纯净水有益健康. _ (2). 众所周知, 光的传播速度比声音快. _ (3). 据报道一个人在没有水的条件下可以生存70多个小时. _3. ., it was the building of the railway from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s 但是,大批量的移民却在19世纪60年代为了修建贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来加利福尼亚的。 本句为强调结构,即“It is/ was.that.
8、”。4. It didnt occur to me that there would be a big festival on at the same time as my holiday. 我没想到在我度假的时候会有一个盛大的庆祝活动。 sth. occur to sb. (主意或想法等突然)浮现在脑中, 某人想起 It occurs to sb to do sth. 某人突然想起做某事It occurs to sb. that. 某人突然想起 辨析: occur, happen, take place, break outBook 8 Unit 2 CloningPart 1 课文知识点归
9、纳1. share with sb 与某人分享2. make a copy of 复制; 做一份的副本3. all the time 始终; 一直4. quantities of 大量的a quantity of5. research on/ into 对进行调查研究6. undertake a task 承担任务7. pay off 偿清; 得到回报 pay back 偿还;报复 pay for 支付的费用;付钱购买 pay down 付现款; 即时支付8. be removed from 从被移除9. on the one hand on the other hand 一方面 另一方面10
10、. cast down 沮丧; 不愉快 拓展: cast aside cast off cast out cast away11. be appropriate to / for 对适合12. raise objections 引起反对 object to 反对; 对表示反感have no objection to不反对; 对无异议13. have a great impact on 对产生极大影响14. attain ones ambition 实现某人的野心15. forbid sb. to do 禁止做. forbid doing forbid sb. from doing sth. 1
11、6. end in failure 以失败告终17. compared with/to 与相比较(常放句首作状语)18. own sb. sth. 欠某人某物 own sth. to sth. 把归因于19. bother sb. with sth. 某人因某事困扰20. strikeinto ones heart 使刻骨铭心21. experiment with 用做实验22. from time to time 有时23. bring back to life 使重生, 复活24. in vain 徒劳无功; 枉费心机25. be based on 基于26. differ from sb
12、 / sth 和某人/某物不同 differ with sb. on / about / over sth. 和某人在某事上意见分歧27. be bound to 一定; 有义句型: 1. Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. 接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。1). 本句中news与that Dolly had become seriously ill是同位关系.2). 本句是一个倒装句, 当表示方位、方式、时间的副词或介词短语置于句首时, 句子要完全倒装。2. It happens in plants
13、 when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones. 当园艺师从生长的植物上剪下枝条来培植新植物时,克隆就发生了。 It happenswhen 意为“当 时这就会发生”。e.g. The virus of the flu is spreading quickly. It happens when there are infected cases in a crowd. 流感病毒正在迅速传播。当人群中有感染病例时就会发生。3. Although at present human egg cells and emb
14、ryos needed for cloning research are difficult to obtain 虽然现在作为克隆研究所需要的人类卵细胞和胚胎很难获取, 不定式跟在表语形容词后,且形容词表示主语的特征,此时不定式常主动表被动。4. Diversity in a group means having animals with their genes arranged in different ways.种群中的多样性意为着具有以不同方式排列基因的动物。 with their genes arranged in different ways是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,在句
15、中作animal的后置定语。Book 8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventionsPart 1 课文知识点归纳1. decide on sth. 决定做2. call up 给打电话, 使人回忆起 拓展: call for call oncall in call back3. in the countryside 在乡下4. on the telephone 通过电话5. now and then 偶尔,有时6. get / be rid of 去除 ridof 除去, 摆脱7. distinguish myself by. 通过来表现自己8. set about doi
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