《定冠词和不定冠词的用法ppt课件.ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《定冠词和不定冠词的用法ppt课件.ppt(36页珍藏版)》请在得力文库 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、Articles冠词冠词不使用冠词不使用冠词定冠词定冠词不定冠词不定冠词aanthe零冠词零冠词不定冠词的用法口诀不定冠词的用法口诀 不定冠词不定冠词a a和和an, a an, a 后辅音后辅音an an 后元;后元; 泛指一类或一个泛指一类或一个, , 表数语气比表数语气比oneone弱;弱; 序数词前表又再序数词前表又再, most , most 前意非常;前意非常; 抽象物质动变名,化为具体用法灵;抽象物质动变名,化为具体用法灵; 用错用错aan aan 被人笑,单名泛指被丢掉;被人笑,单名泛指被丢掉; 指代物代所有连,位置放错更无颜。指代物代所有连,位置放错更无颜。不定冠词用法口诀的
2、解释:不定冠词用法口诀的解释:a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前用在以辅音音素开头的单词前 an用在以用在以元音音素元音音素开头的单词前开头的单词前e.g. _boy _ underground room _ useful book _ egg _11-year-old boy _ “n” _ honest girl _ one-eyed man _ European country 1.2.泛指一类人泛指一类人/物中的任何一个或笼统指某类中的一个。物中的任何一个或笼统指某类中的一个。e.g. I want to buy a dictionary. I met a young man at the
3、gate. 注意:a/an 与与one 的区别比较的区别比较(1)a/an侧重指“类别”,而one侧重指数量概念,有时尽管两者都可用,但含有差别。 I bought a pen.(意指买的是钢笔,不是铅笔) I bought one pen.(意指买的是一支,不是两三支)(2)强调数目概念或对比时,只能用数词one. I want one egg, not two eggs. She has one sister, but three brothers.(3)若不是表示“一”的数量概念,而是表示“类别”概念,则只能用a/an. A dog is an animal.(4)与时间、速度、价格等意
4、义的名词连用,表示“每”时,通常只用a/an. We have three meals a day. He goes home once a week.(5)在某些固定习语中a/an 与one 不可调换。a few/little many a in a hurry in a wordin a day or two an hour or two 3.(1)用于序数词前表示用于序数词前表示“又一又一”. I failed three times, Ill try a fourth time.(我会再试第四次) Shall I ask you a third time?(2)用于表示用于表示“非常、
5、很非常、很”等意思的等意思的most前前. This is a most interesting story.(这是一个非常有趣的故事)4.(1)用于不可数的抽象)用于不可数的抽象/物质名词前作具体介绍,表示物质名词前作具体介绍,表示“一一种、一场、一杯之量种、一场、一杯之量”等等. Reading is a joy to me.(阅读对我来说是一种乐趣) Id like a tea and two coffees.(请给我一杯茶和两杯咖啡)(2)用于某些由动词转化来或具有动作意味的名词前(常)用于某些由动词转化来或具有动作意味的名词前(常与与have、take、make、give等动词连用)
6、等动词连用) have a look go for a walk give a great surprise What a heavy rain! take a break5.用于单数可数名词前,指泛指的用于单数可数名词前,指泛指的“一个一个”或或“一一”,不要丢掉,不要丢掉. He is a very good student.A Smith called you just now.There is a letter for you.6.(1)a/an 不能与指示代词、物主代词、所有格等连用。不能与指示代词、物主代词、所有格等连用。 正:He is a good friend of mine
7、. 误:He is my a good friend.(2)不要用错位置。不要用错位置。 a/an 的位置:常位于名词或名词修饰语前。注意以下情况:当名词前的形容词被副词soastoohowhoweverenough修饰时,a/an应该放在形容词之后.其结构为:So (astoohow)+形容词+a/an +名词So young a man too long a distance 当名词短语中有suchwhatmanyhalf时,a/an要放在suchwhat等词后,其结构为: such (whatmany)+a/an +形容词+名词 Ive never seen such a nice gi
8、rl. Many a man is fit for the job. What a beautiful girl she is!quiterather与单数名词连用,a/an放其后;但当ratherquite前仍有形容词时,a/an放前、后均可. The boy sang quite a long song. It is a quite interesting film. It seems rather a good idea. We had a rather long wait.7.表示表示 “同一同一”,相当于相当于the samee.g The two boys are of _ age
9、. Cotton of _ kind was stored together. (同一种类的棉花被储存在一起)(同一种类的棉花被储存在一起)ana8.否定比较级表达最高级意义时否定比较级表达最高级意义时,常用借助于不定常用借助于不定冠词冠词a/ an. a/ an+比较级比较级e.g. - -What do you think of the film? - Oh, Ive never seen a worse one. - How do you like Tom? - Im afraid that no one in my class has a cleverer brain than he.
10、定冠词的用法定冠词的用法 基本用法:基本用法:“特指特指”特指某(些)人或者某(些)事特指某(些)人或者某(些)事物,以便与其他的人或物有所区别物,以便与其他的人或物有所区别1.2.3.4.e.g.The book on the desk is Jims. 书桌上的那本书是吉姆的书桌上的那本书是吉姆的 The chairs are there. 椅子在那里椅子在那里指谈话双方都知道的人或事物指谈话双方都知道的人或事物e.g. Where is the kite? 风筝在哪儿风筝在哪儿?(双方都知道指的是哪只风筝)?(双方都知道指的是哪只风筝) Open the door, please.请把门
11、打开请把门打开(双方都知道要打开哪扇门)(双方都知道要打开哪扇门) 在叙述中,上文提到过的人或者事物,再次出现时在叙述中,上文提到过的人或者事物,再次出现时e.g. :I can see a kite. 我看见一只风筝我看见一只风筝 :where is the kite?这个风筝在那里?这个风筝在那里?用在姓氏的复数名词前,表示用在姓氏的复数名词前,表示“一家人一家人”e.g. the Blacks 布来克一家布来克一家定冠词的用法定冠词的用法 用在宇宙间独一无二的天体名词之前用在宇宙间独一无二的天体名词之前5.6.7.8.e.g.the sun the sky the moon the ea
12、rth用在序数词和形容词最高级,及形容词用在序数词和形容词最高级,及形容词only, very, same 前前 e.g. I live on the second floor.我住在二楼我住在二楼Skating is the best sport in winter. 滑冰是冬天最好的运动滑冰是冬天最好的运动用用在由普通名词构成的专用名词之前在由普通名词构成的专用名词之前the Great Wall the Summer Palace 用在表示乐器的名词之前用在表示乐器的名词之前e.g. the violin the piano9.在某些形容词前加在某些形容词前加the,表示一类人,表示一类
13、人物物. the poor the wounded the sick the dead the new The old are in good health.(老年人健康状况良好老年人健康状况良好) The old is always replaced by the new.(久事物总是被新事物久事物总是被新事物所代替所代替)10.用在江河、湖海、山脉、岛屿、沙漠、海湾方位前用在江河、湖海、山脉、岛屿、沙漠、海湾方位前.the Changjiang River The West Lakethe Himalayas the English Straitsthe Pacific Ocean on
14、the rightleftIn the southnorthwest11.用于表示发明物的单数名词前。用于表示发明物的单数名词前。Bell invented the telephone in 1876.12.用在用在“the +比较级比较级+of the two”结构中结构中.表示:两个中表示:两个中较较的一个的一个. Mary is the taller of the two.13.用在表示国家民族的形容词前,表示该国的人民用在表示国家民族的形容词前,表示该国的人民.the English the Chinese the French the Japanese 14.用在表示身体部分的名词前
15、,表示用在表示身体部分的名词前,表示“所有所有”,相当于物主代相当于物主代词词.She caught me by the arm.(她抓住了我的手臂她抓住了我的手臂)定冠词的用法定冠词的用法 用在一些习惯用语中用在一些习惯用语中15.e.g.by the way in the 1870s/1870 s in the morning / afternoon/ evening the day before tomorrow/ yesterday the next morning / week/ month/ year in the sky/ water/ field/ country in the
16、 dark in the distance(在远处在远处) in the middle (of) in the end all the year round(一年四季一年四季) by the hour(按小时按小时) go to the theatre (cinema) on the hand on the other hand(一方面一方面另一方面另一方面)零冠词的用法零冠词的用法名词前有了物主代词、指示代词、不定代词和名词前有了物主代词、指示代词、不定代词和“”所有格时所有格时1.2.3.4.e.g. our books those apples Jims pen some money泛指
17、的复数名词,表示泛指的复数名词,表示一类人或者事物时。一类人或者事物时。e.g. They are teachers. 他们是他们是老师。老师。Cats are lovely animals.在专有名词前在专有名词前e.g. China England New York在季节、星期在季节、星期、月份、节日前、月份、节日前e.g. on Sunday in August on Childrens Day in winter不使用冠词的情况不使用冠词的情况零冠词的用法零冠词的用法在语言、颜色、学科、三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动等名词前在语言、颜色、学科、三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动等名词前5.6.e.g.
18、 learn English have supper play cardsplay football/ basketball in purple紫色紫色 What do you usually have for lunch?We had a really good dinner.在一些固定搭配中在一些固定搭配中e.g. at night go to school by bikeair on foot at school go to bed in danger on time in fact take part in lose heart on duty at home watch TV cat
19、ch sight of(看到看到)不使用冠词的情况不使用冠词的情况7.用在称呼或表示官衔、职位的名词前,用作用在称呼或表示官衔、职位的名词前,用作表语、同位语或补表语、同位语或补足语时,常见名词有足语时,常见名词有president, chairman, mayor, head, boss, leader, secretary, monitor等。等。 e.g. President Bush Mr. Zhang Chairman Hu He was made monitor yesterday.8. 在成对使用的名词或两个相对的名词并用时在成对使用的名词或两个相对的名词并用时 face to
20、face side by side(并排并排) hand in hand shoulder and shoulder husband and wife day and night old and young9.两个名词同两个名词同 指一个人或事物时指一个人或事物时,后面的名词后面的名词前不用前不用e.g The teacher and writer has come to the meeting.10. turn后的单数名词作表语后的单数名词作表语.e.g. She has turned doctor.11. as引导的让步引导的让步状语从句状语从句“名词名词+as +主语主语+动词动词”中中
21、的单数名词前的单数名词前. e.g. Hero as he is, he is still modest. Child as she is, she knows a lot.12. man作作“人类人类”讲时讲时. e.g. Man can conquer nature.in hospital 住院住院in the hospital 在医院里在医院里at table 吃饭吃饭at the table 在桌子旁在桌子旁特别注意:特别注意:(用和不用冠词在意义上的差别)一般来说,无冠词表示抽象意(用和不用冠词在意义上的差别)一般来说,无冠词表示抽象意思;有冠词表示某个地方思;有冠词表示某个地方.i
22、n front of 在在前面前面in the front of 在在内部前面内部前面go to school 上学上学go to the school去学校去学校next year 明年明年the next year 第二年第二年take place 发生发生take the place of 代替代替I. 不定冠词的用法:不定冠词的用法:1指一类人或事,相当于a kind ofA plane is a machine that can fly.2第一次提及某人某物A boy is waiting for you.3表示“每一”We study eight hours a day.4表示“相
23、同”相当于the sameWe are nearly of an age.5用在不可数名词前表“一次场”或一个种人或物A heavy rain His success was a great surprise to me6用于固定词组中A couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time7用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后This room is rather a big one.8用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后She is as c
24、lever a girl as you can wish to meet.II. 定冠词的用法:1表示某一类人或物The horse is a useful animal.2用于世上独一无二的事物名词前the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean3表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事Would you mind opening the door? 4用于乐器前面play the violin, play the guitar5用于形容词和分词前表示一类人物the old, the living, the wounded6表示“一家人”或“夫妇”the
25、Greens, the Wangs7用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前He is the taller of the two children.8用于国家党派等以及江河湖海,山川群岛的名词前the United States, the Changjiang River, the French9用于表示发明物的单数名词前The compass was invented in China.10含有普通名词的专业名词前the Peoples Republic of China11用于表示单位的名词前I hired the car by the hour.12用于方位名词,身体部位名词,及表示时间的
26、词组前He patted me on the shoulder.III. 零冠词的用法:1专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词,人名地名等名词前Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air2名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this?3季节,月份,星期,节假日,一日三餐前(但当特指时用the)March, Sunday, National Day, spring4表示职位,称呼、身份,头衔的名词前Lincoln
27、 was made President of America.5 学科,语言,球类,棋类名词前He likes playing football/chess.6 与by连用表示交通工具的名词前by train, by air, by land7 以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night8 表示泛指的复数名词前Horses are useful animals.9 两个名词同 指一个人或事物时,后面的名词前不用The writer and singer is very happy.填空1.There is _
28、 picture of _ elephant on _ wall. 2.This is _ useful bookIve read it for _ hour 3. _ elephant is much heavier than _ horse 4._ doctor told him to take _ medicine three times _ day 5Lets go out for _ walk 6Its too hotOpen _ door,please 7There is _ woman over there _ woman is Meimeis mother 8 _ sun ri
29、ses in _ east 9 _Changjiang River is _ longest river in_China 10Are you going to do it _ second time? 11Washington is _ capital of _ USA 12 _ Turners are living at the end of _ Turner Street 13He joined the army in _ spring of _ 1995 14 _old man is _teacherHe likes playing _basketball after _ supper
30、 15After I had _ quick breakfast,I hurried to school 16Are _ sheep kept by _ farmers for producing _ wool and _ meat? 17They went to _ Peoples Park,but we both went to _ Peoples Cinema yesterday 18I often watch _ TV in _ evening 19 _ day of _ December 20,1999 is Monday 20 Tomorrow is _ Christmas Day
31、 and my father and I went to choose _ Christmas tree today 21I think _ maths is more important than any other subject 22He often goes to _ school by _ bike 23What does this _ word mean, _ Father? 24What _ important news! 一、单项选择题一、单项选择题1、_ book on the desk is _ useful one.A. The; an B. A; a C. The; a
32、 、_ old lady in brown is _ university professor.A. An; a B. An; / C. The; a 、What can you see by the lake?I can see _ old man sitting on the chair.A. a B. an C. the、Have you had_ lunch yet?A. a B. / C. The、There is _ “f” in the word “wife”.A. anB. a C. The、He is _ best one in our school.A. a B. anC.
33、 TheA CB CB C7、My brother can play _ football well and he can also play _ piano well.A. the; B. ; the C. the; the 8、lets go and have _ walk around _ school.A. a; the B. /; / C. the; a 9、_ boy has broken the window.A. A B. The C. both A and B10、You may ask _ old man listening to _ radio under_ tree f
34、or_ advice about it.A. an; the; the; / B. the; / ; the; / C. The; the; the; /11、They work in _ same shop. They are paid by _ day.A. the; the B. a; a C. the; /12、what is _ plane? _ machine that can fly.A. the; the B. a; theC. a; A C C C CBA13、It takes us hour or more to go to my hometown by train . A
35、. an; a B. a; as C. an; / D. a; /14、Its _ pity to be listened to by nobody.A. a B. an C. the15、Failure is _ mother of success.A. the B. a C. /16、_ number of _ students is more than 1,200.A. The; the B. A; the C. A; a17、Ships send _ messages to each other by _ radio.A. the; the B. /; a C. /; /18、_ or
36、ange is _ orange.A. The; a B. An; /C. A; an cAAA CB19、There is _ apple and _ piece of bread on the plate.A. a; a B. an; a C. an; the 20、We dont know she is _ honest girl.A. a B. an C. the21、Do you want to be _ artist when you grow up?A. the B. a C. an22、A spaceship flies at about eleven kilometers _
37、 second.A. / B. a C. the23、Betty is from Beijing. It is _ old city and _ capital of our country.A. the; the B. an; a C. an; the24、My daughter said the man had hit her on _ face.A. a B. / C. the BBB C C C25、That is _ map of _ world.A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the 26、Lesson Four is _ difficult lesson, but
38、 it isnt _ most difficult one in Book 2.A. a; the B. an; theC. The; a27、Mr. Black didnt go to work yesterday because he was ill in _ bed.A. the B. a C. /28、Whats that over there? Its _ boat.A. the B. an C. a29、Mike is _ American boy. He studies in _ university in Guangdong.A. a; an B. an; a C. an; t
39、he30、Have you got _ e mail address?A. a B. an C. / CA C CBB二、阅读下列短文,在需要的地方填入适当的冠词。二、阅读下列短文,在需要的地方填入适当的冠词。 If you go out sometimes at _ night, you will see _ moon high up in _ sky. The moon is far away from the earth. But it is our _ nearest neighbour in _ space. In _ 1969 two Americans visited it by
40、 _ spaceship. It was one of _ most exciting moments of that year. The sky looks black from the moon and youll see the earth up in the sky. You will also see _ many starts.You cant find any living things there. Its too hot in _ day and too cold at night. And thers no air or _ water there. Nothing can
41、 live on it. It is difficult for _ us to walk on the moon than on the earth. If you throw _ ball, it would fly very far. It is _ interesting thing if you can travel to the moon in _ sapceship.(4)(2)(3)(1)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)一、单项选择题一、单项选择题1 6 CCBBAC7 12 BACCCC13 18 AAAACB19 24 BBCBCC25 30 CACCBB二、填空二、填空1. / 2. the 3. the 4. / 5. / 6. /7./ 8. the9. / 10. the11. / 12. / 13. a 14. an 15. a前元音:i: i e 后元音:: : u u: 中元音: : 集中双元音:i u 合口双元音:ei ai i u au 不不定定冠冠词词的的用用法法HOMEWORK DO SOME READING. DO SOME EXERCISES.
限制150内