当代小学生劳动教育问题及对策研究——以广西桂林市五所小学为例.docx
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1、当代小学生劳动教育问题及对策研究以广西桂林市五所小学为例研究生:江潮导师:朱家安教授年级:2014级专业:教育经济与管理研宄方向:教育管理摘要教育部、共青团中央、全国少工委于2015年8月3日下发加强中小学劳 动教育的意见,指出“针对当前中小学生劳动机会减少、劳动意识缺乏,劳动 教育在学校中被弱化,在家庭中被软化,在社会中被淡化的现象,提出用三年至 五年时间,统筹资源,构建模式,推动建立课程完善、资源丰富、模式多样、机 制健全的劳动教育体系,形成普遍重视劳动教育的氛围。”2016年9月13日发 布的中国学生核心发展素养中将劳动意识作为社会参与中实践创新的重要内 容,内容要求中国学生能够尊重劳动
2、,具有积极的劳动态度和良好的劳动习惯; 具有动手操作能力,掌握一定的劳动技能;在主动参加的家务劳动、生产劳动、 公益活动和社会实践中,具有改进和创新劳动方式、提高劳动效率的意识;具有 通过诚实合法劳动创造成功生活的意识和行动等。由于我国传统思想的影响,家 长和学校的劳动教育思想观念出现了一定的偏差,过于看重学生智育的发展,而 忽视了学生劳动能力、劳动意识和劳动习惯的培养。另外,随着经济的快速发展 和社会人口结构的变化,社会对劳动的认知也在发生着改变,这些都对小学生的 劳动教育产生深刻的影响。因此,深入研宄我国小学生劳动教育中出现的问题, 积极探宄解决方案和对策,能够更好的推进学校素质教育的开展
3、,促进学生核心 发展素养的培养,对学生的成人和成才都有着重要的作用。加强学生的劳动教育, 不仅能够让学生学习到必要的劳动知识和技能,形成良好的劳动意识,还能够帮 助学生形成健全的人格和良好的思想道德品质,这也是当今国家坚持立德树人, 深化教育领域综合改革的现实需要。本研宄综合运用文献法、问卷调査和访谈法以桂林市的五所小学的学生为 例,通过对小学生、家长和老师的问卷调查和访谈,从对劳动教育的认识情况、 学校劳动教的管理情况和家庭中劳动教育的重视情况三个维度来调查并收集研 究资料和数据,以了解目前我国小学生劳动教育的现状和问题,并探求问题出现 的原因。寻求解决小学生劳动教育问题的策略,以达到促进素
4、质教育的发展和学 生的全面发展。最后,通过结合国内外相关研宄,在己有的研究和调查的基础之上,提出了I71994-2018 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved, http:/提出了解决小学生劳动教育问题的建议,主要有以下几个方面:第一,要改变传 统的劳动观和学生成才观,突破传统思想的禁锢,正确看待学生的学习和成才; 第二,从家庭劳动教育来看,通过鼓励学生劳动、家长的言传身教、培养兴趣和 结合实践来培养良好的劳动能力与习惯;第三,学校要通过建立保障机制、明确 实施途径和转变教学方式三个方面来
5、确保劳动教育的落到实处并取得成效;第 四,要通过家庭、学校和社会三者之间的联系,三者通力合作,形成劳动教育合 力,共同创造良好的劳动教育环境。关键词:小学生;劳动教育;问题;对策Research of contemporary elementary labor education problemsand countermeasuresTake Five Primary School in GuilinCity as ExampleName: JiangChaoSupervisor: Prof. Zhu Jia-anMajor: Educational economy and managemen
6、tDirection: Education managementGrade: 2014ABSTRACTThe communist youth league central committee and the ministry of education issued by the national ShaoGongWei on August 3, 2015 Suggestions on strengthening the labor education of primary and secondary schools points out that in view of the current
7、primary and middle school students employment opportunities to reduce, the lack of labor consciousness, labor education in schools is weakened, softening in the family, in society is the phenomenon of desalination, with three years to five years time, as a whole resources, build mode, perfect model
8、diversity, rich in resources, promote the establishment of curriculum, mechanisms, and improve the system of labor education,paid attention to by the formation of labor education atmosphere. On September 13, 2016s published Chinese core development literacy of students consciousness of labor as the
9、important content of social participation in practice innovation, content for Chinese students to respect for labor, have positive work attitude and good habits of labor; Having the ability to operate and master certain labor skills; In active participation in domestic work, production work, public
10、welfare activities and social practice, there is an awareness of improving and innovating the way of labor and improving the efficiency of labor. It has the awareness and action to create a successful life through honest and legal labor. Due to the influence of traditional ideas in China, parents an
11、d the school of labor education ideas appeared a certain deviation, be too focused on the development of students intellectual education, and ignored the students consciousness of labor ability, work and work habits. In addition, with the rapid development of economic and social changes inhipopulati
12、on structure, social cognition to labor is changing, the profound impact of labor education for elementary school. Therefore, further study of the problems arising from the primary labor education, actively explore solutions and countermeasures, to better promote the development of the school qualit
13、y education, promote students1 core literacy training, for students of adult and has a important role in talent Strengthen the labor education, students can not only make students learn the necessary knowledge and skills of labor, form good labor consciousness, can also help the students form sound
14、personality and good ideological and moral quality, it is also the current national khalid ents, deepen the reality demand of reforms of the comprehensive education field.This study integrated use of literature, questionnaire and interview method to five elementary school students in guilin as an ex
15、ample, through to the pupils, parents and teachers, questionnaire survey and interviews, from the understanding of labor education situation, the situation of the management of school work to teach and family 丨abor education attaches great importance to the situation in three dimensions to investiga
16、te and collect the infonnation and data, in order to understand the current our country elementary education present situation and problems of labor, and to explore the cause of the problem. We will seek to solve the problems of the primary school students* work on education, so as to promote the de
17、velopment of education and the overall development of students.Finally, by combining relevant research both at home and abroad, on the basis of existing research and investigation, put forward the puts forward the Suggestions to solve the problem of student labor education, mainly has the following
18、several aspects: first, to change the traditional concept of labor and the student view of talent, break through the traditional thought of imprisonment, the correct view of students learning and success; Second, from the perspective of family labor education by encouraging students to work, parents
19、 of precept, cultivating interest and combining with the practice to cultivate good habits of labor ability and; Thirdly, the school should ensure the success of the education by establishing the safeguard mechanism, the clear implementation approach and the transformation of the teaching method. Fo
20、urth, through the connection between family, school and society, the three work together to form the labor force, education to create a good labor education environment.Key words: primary school students; Labor education; Problem; countermeasuresIV摘要IABSTRACTIll雜1卜)背景1(二) 研宄目的和意义11研加M22.研宄意义2(三) 研宂思
21、路和方法31. 酿思路32方法4(四) 文献综述552. 国外文献综述6(五) 研宄重点和难点81研究重点82研宄难点8一、当代小学生劳动教育概述9(一) 基本概念界定91麵92劳动教育9仁)理论基础 101马克思的劳动教育理论102.列宁的劳动教育理论103中国学者的劳动教育理论10(三)小学生劳动教育的必要性111. 劳动教育是实施素质教育的内在要求112. 劳动教育是学生成人成才的重要环节123. 劳动教育是培养创新精神和实践能力的重要途径12二、 当代小学生劳动教育基本现状和问题;13(一) 小学生劳动教育的现状131. 学校对劳动教育的管理状况132. 家长对劳动教育的重视情况 15
22、3学生对劳动教育的认识18(二) 当代小学生劳动教育出现的问题201学校劳动教育有待改善202家庭劳动教育比较薄弱223劳动教育认识存在偏差23三、当代小学生劳动教育存在问题的原因25(一) 价值取向的扭曲251_ # 麵252财 H25(二)学校教育的忽视261重智育轻劳动教育262.重理论轻实践26V(三)家庭教育的缺失261 独生子女272.父母酬g27(四)社会环境的影响27四、改善当代小学生劳动教育问题的建议28(一)提高思想认识转变观念28(二)强化学校劳动教育281完善劳动教育的保障机制292. 明确劳动教育的实施途径303. 落实劳动教育的课程要求32(三) 改善家庭劳动教育3
23、31 积极鼓励孩子劳动332注重劳动兴趣培养333发挥言传身教作用344实践经验必不可少34(四) 倡导家庭、学校和社会的合作341.加强家庭与学校的合作342促进劳动教育与社区教育结合353.发挥媒体舆论的引导作用36縣 37a#38#嫌39陳 42附件一42陳=45剛牛H46读硕期间发表的论文48致谢49VI(一) 研宄背景2015年8月3号,教育部、共青团中央、全国少工委下发加强中小学劳 动教育的意见,指出“针对当前中小学生劳动机会减少、劳动意识缺乏,劳动 教育在学校中被弱化,在家庭中被软化,在社会中被淡化的现象,提出用三年至 五年时间,统筹资源,构建模式,推动建立课程完善、资源丰富、模
24、式多样、机 制健全的劳动教育体系,形成普遍重视劳动教育的氛围。” 3010年颁布的国 家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要(2010-2020年)明确提出:“加强劳动教 育,培养学生热爱劳动、热爱劳动人民的情感”。2加强劳动教育是中小学校贯 彻落实社会主义核心价值观具体要求和立德树人根本任务的现实需要,而树立积 极的劳动意识也是当代学生发展核心素养中社会参与和实践创新的重要内容之 一。2015年5月习近平总书记在庆祝“五一”国际劳动节暨表彰全国劳动模范 和先进工作者大会上的讲话中特别指出,“以劳动托起中国梦”。在新的时代背 景下贯彻落实这一重要指示,需要我们再次深入思考劳动教育的价值,思考现代 社会
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