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1、英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(三)When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. With regard to Futurist
2、 poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may beeven admitting that the theory on which it is based may be rightit can hardly be classed as Literature.This, in brief, is what the Futurist says: for a century, past conditions of life have been conditionally speeding
3、 up, till now we live in a world of noise and violence and speed. Consequently, our feelings, thoughts and emotions have undergone a corresponding change. This speeding up of life, says the Futurist, requires a new form of expression. We must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret mode
4、rn stress. We must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, or finite verbs. Instead of describing sounds we must make up words that imitate them; we must use many sizes of type and different colored inks on the same page, and shorten or lengthen wor
5、ds at will.Certainly their descriptions of battles are confused. But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the riverand then to find that the line consists of
6、 the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: “ Pluff! Pluff! A hundred and eighty-five kilograms.”This, though it fulfills the laws and requirements of Futurist poetry, can hardly be classed as Literature. All the same, no thinking man can refuse to accept their first proposition: th
7、at a great change in our emotional life calls for a change of expression. The whole question is really this: have we essentially changed19. This passage is mainly_.Aa survey of new approaches to artBa review of Futurist poetryCabout merits of the Futurist movementDabout laws and requirements of lite
8、rature20. When a novel literary idea appears, people should try to_.Adetermine its purposesBignore its flawsCfollow the new fashionsDaccept the principles21. Futurists claim that we must_.Aincrease the production of literatureBuse poetry to relieve modern stressCdevelop new modes of expressionDavoid
9、 using adjectives and verbs22. The author believes that Futurist poetry is_.Abased on reasonable principlesBnew and acceptable to ordinary peopleCindicative of basic change in human natureDmore of a transient phenomenon than literature名师解析19. This passage is mainly_. 本文中心思想是_。Aa survey of new approa
10、ches to art 对新的艺术理论的调查Ba review of Futurist poetry 对将来派诗歌的评论Cabout merits of the Futurist movement 有关将来派运动的优点Dabout laws and requirements of literature 有关文学的规则与要求【答案】B【考点】文章主旨题。【分析】本文第一段提到“至于将来派诗歌,状况却有点难,因为即使成认将来派诗歌理论依据可能正确,无论它是怎样的,也很难称之为文学”。第二段提到“将来主义者声称,这种加速的生活须要一种新的表达方式。假如我们想说明现代社会的压力,就必需加快文学的速度”
11、。第三段例举了一个将来文学的例子,指出其难以承受。最终一段仍旧是对将来文学的指责。因此我们看出本文是一篇文学评论,而且是对将来文学的评论。只有选择B。20. When a novel literary idea appears, people should try to_. 当出现一个新的文学理念时,人们应当努力_。Adetermine its purposes 确定它的目的Bignore its flaws 无视它的缺陷Cfollow the new fashions 跟随这个新的潮流Daccept the principles 承受原则【答案】A【考点】事实细微环节题。【分析】本题可以定位
12、到第一段第一句“每当一个新艺术思潮到达肯定流行程度时,(在评价它之前)最好先找出其提倡者的目的”。21. Futurists claim that we must_.将来主义者声称我们必需_。Aincrease the production of literature 加大文学的产出Buse poetry to relieve modern stress 用诗歌来减轻现代的压力Cdevelop new modes of expression 开发出新的表达方式Davoid using adjectives and verbs 避开运用形容词与动词【答案】C【考点】事实细微环节题。【分析】依据题
13、干,我们无法定位到任何一段,只能通过详细的选项来做详细的推断。A选项错误,文中并没有提到要加大文学的产出,虽然文中提到“假如我们想说明现代社会的压力,就必需加快文学的速度。”但是这句话的意思不是要加大文学的产出,而是加快文学的节奏。B选项错误,因为文中在提到压力的时候,只是说“说明”(interpret)压力,而没有说用诗歌来减轻现代的压力。D选项错误,文中提到形容词与动词的地方是第二段“我们必需大量运用根本词汇,不受句号,修饰性形容词及限定动词的限制”这一句。但是并没有说避开运用形容词与动词。C选项“开发出新的表达方式”这个说法适宜,因为文中第二段提到“将来主义者声称,这种加速的生活须要一种
14、新的表达方式”。22. The author believes that Futurist poetry is_. 作者信任将来派诗歌是_。Abased on reasonable principles 依据合理的原则Bnew and acceptable to ordinary people 对一般人而言是新的可承受的Cindicative of basic change in human nature 显示出人性中根本的改变Dmore of a transient phenomenon than literature 与其说是文学不如说是一种短暂的现象【答案】D【考点】中心主旨题。【分析】
15、在本文最终一段,作者说“没有一个擅长思索的人会回绝承受他们的首要主见,即情感生活的宏大改变要求表达方式也随之改变。实际问题是:我们发生了根本的改变吗?”这个问题事实上就已经否认了将来主义者的首要主见,即他们对历史与现实的相识是不正确的,所以其理论依据是站不住脚的。所以说将来派诗歌并没有稳定的理论根底,只是一个短暂的现象。难句解析:1. When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however fa
16、rfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal.【构造分析】本句可以分为两个局部,“for”为分界词。在前半局部中“it”是形式主语,真正的主语是“to”引导的不定式短语,这个短语中又出现了一个宾语从句。“when”引导一个状语从句,表示时间。后半句中“it”仍旧是形式主语,“that”引导一个主语从句。“however”引导一个让步状语从句。2. With regard to Futuri
17、st poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may beeven admitting that the theory on which it is based may be rightit can hardly be classed as Literature.【构造分析】本句是一个因果关系的并列句。前一个分句的主句是“the case is rather difficult”,其中“however”表示此句与上一句之间是转折关系;缘由为“for”之后的局部,其中破折号之间的局部是
18、插入语,表示一种让步,“on which it is based”是“the theory”的定语从句,“it”指代“Futurist poetry”。3. But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the riverand then to find that the li
19、ne consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: “Pluff! Pluff! A hundred and eighty-five kilograms.”【构造分析】本句“it”是形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式“to read”及后面的宾语从句与“to find”及其后面的宾语从句。“read”的宾语从句是“that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge of
20、f which they both fall into the river”;“find”的宾语从句是“that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: Pluff! Pluff! A hundred and eighty-five kilograms.”。全文翻译:当一场新的艺术运动获得某种流行时,最好找出其提倡者的目的是什么,因为无论他们的原则在今日看来是多么牵强与不合理,将来都有可能被认为是正常的。至于将来派诗歌,状况却有点难,因为即使成认将来派诗歌理论依据可能正确,
21、无论它是怎样的,也很难称之为文学。长话短说,以下就是将来主义者说的话:一个世纪以来,从前的生活始终在有条件地加快改变;如今,我们生活的世界喧嚣、暴力、节奏很快。因此,我们的感觉、思想与情感都经验了相应的改变。将来主义者声称,这种加速的生活须要一种新的表达方式。假如我们想说明现代社会的压力,就必需加快文学的速度。我们必需大量运用根本词汇,不受句号,修饰性形容词及限定动词的限制。我们必需造出仿照声音的词语而不是描绘声音;我们必需在同一张纸上运用多种字体与不同颜色的墨水,随意缩短或加长词语。当然他们对战斗的描绘也是混乱的。让人心烦的一件事就是:在读到一句描写战斗的诗行的注解时,该注解中说该诗描写了一名土耳其军官与一名保加利亚军官在一座桥上发生了搏斗,结果双双从桥上掉进河中结果,诗把他们两人落水的声音与体重写在了一起:“扑通!扑通!100公斤与85公斤。”尽管这符合将来派诗歌的规则与要求,却几乎不能被归入文学之列。同样的,没有一个擅长思索的人会回绝承受他们的首要主见,即情感生活的宏大改变要求表达方式也随之改变。实际问题是:我们发生了根本的改变吗?
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