人教版八年级英语上册第三单元重点知识详解2份.doc
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1、人教版八年级英语上册第三单元重点知识详解(2份)第三单元重点知识一、 短语归纳1、more outgoing 更外向 2、asas 与一样3、the singing competition 歌咏比赛 4、the most important 最重要的5、be talented in music 有音乐天赋 6、the same as 和不同;与一致7、care about 关心,在意8、take care of = look after 照顾,照看9、be different from 与不同;与有差异(反义词 be the same as 与相同)10、be like a mirror 像一
2、面镜子 11、as long as 只要;既然12、bring out 使显现;使表现出来13、get good grades 取得好成绩 get better grades 取得更好的成绩14、reach for ones hand 伸手帮助某人一把15、touch ones heart 感动某人 Keep in touch 保持联系 get in touch 取得联系16、in fact 确切的说;事实上;实际上 17、make friends 交朋友18、be good at 擅长 19、be there 随叫随到;不离左右20、be similar to 与相像的、类似的21、be g
3、ood with 善于应付的 22、bothand 和.都23、callat 拨打找24、to learn something new 学习新东西25、be talented in 在某方面有天赋26、break into 强行进入,闯入 break off 中断说话break down 出故障27、arm in arm 臂挽臂 with open arms 张开双臂二、用法集萃1、have fun doing sth 2、bothand 和都;既又3、loud(形容词,喧闹的,大声的,响亮的) + ly loudly(副词,喧闹地,大声地,响亮地)4、quiet(形容词,安静的) + ly
4、quietly(副词,安静地)5、talent(名词,天资,天赋,天才)+ ed talented(形容词,有才能的;有才干的) 6、be serious about 对认真 Serious(形容词,认真的;当真的;严重的;危急的)+ lyseriously(副词,严肃地;严重地;认真地)7、make sb do sth 让某人做某事 Make sb/sth + 形容词 让某人/某物 Make sb + 名词 让某人成为8、Thats why 这便是为什么,这就是 Thats because 这是因为9、Its + 形容词 + for/ of sb + to do sth 对某人来说,做某事是
5、(此处It 是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式短语(to do)It is necessary for people to have food and water every day.Its very nice of you to lend an umbrella to me.10、Its necessary (for sb) to do sth 对某人来说做某事很必要11、bring out 使显现、使表现出bring out the best/worst in sb 把某人最好/最坏的一面表现或显露出来Please tell me how to bring out the best in
6、 me.12、share sth with sb 和某人分享某物Its necessary for kids to learn to share their ideas with friends.13、be there随时提供帮助,时刻准备伸手相助,随叫随到,不离左右He is always there for me.14、information不可数名词,意为:“信息,消息”。 a piece of information一条信息 two pieces of information两条信息三、词类辨析1、 bothand/ both of/ all/all of/ either or/ ne
7、ither .nor/not onlybut also/any otherbothand“两者都”,连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词用复数Both my father and my mother have been to Shanghai. both of + 复数人称代词或复数名词意为:“两者都”,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式Maybe both of them are busy.all用于三者或三者以上,表示“都”。注:1、作主语时,笼统的表示所有人时,谓语动词用复数形式2、笼统的表示所有事物或现象时,谓语动词通常用单数形式All are here.All is silent.(万籁俱寂)al
8、l of (三者以上)都either or“或者或者”在连接主语时,谓语动词根据靠近的主语名词确定单复数(就近原则)Either you or I am wrong.neither .nor“既不也不”就近原则Neither Mary nor Tom works in this school.not onlybut also“不但而且”就近原则Not only all the students but also their English teacher has read the storybook.any other + 名词单数其他任何一个(三者以上任何一个)Shanghai is lar
9、ger than anyother city in China. 注:Aboth of ,all of 作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;none of作主语时,谓语动词可以用单数也可以用复数;either of , neither of 作主语时,谓语动词要用单数。Bboth, neither , either , all , none , any 都可以与of 连用,后面的人称代词要用宾格2、hard-working/ hard work/ work hardhard-working形容词,“工作努力的,辛勤的”He is a hard-working boy.hard work名词短语,“辛
10、苦的工作”,hard是形容词,修饰不可数名词workWhat hard work it is!work hard短语动词,“努力工作”,hard是副词,修饰动词workHe always works hard.3、laugh/smilelaugh“出声地大笑”,不但有面部表情,而且还有声音laugh at“嘲笑,因而发笑”smile“无声地微笑”,指的是面部表情smile at向微笑4、be like/look likebe like像一样侧重人的“内在气质,如:品质、性格、品行等”Kate is like her mother. They are both quiet.look like看起
11、来像侧重人的“外貌,如:高、矮、胖、瘦”Kate looks like her mother. They are both tall and thin.5、the other/the others/other/others/anotherthe other特指“两者中的另一个”,onethe other“一个另一个”,后可接数词或复数名词,特指“其他的”the others特指某一范围内的“其他的人或物”,是the other 的复数形式,相当于“the other+ 复数名词”other作形容词或代词,泛指“别的,其他的”,只修饰复数others作代词,泛指“其他的人或物”,不能修饰名词,可
12、与of 连用,后跟them/us/you或特指的复数another泛指三个或三个以上同类事物中的“另一个”,代替或修饰单数可数名词He has two brothers. One is a teacher, and the other is a doctor.You two stay here, and the others go with me.We learn Chinese, math, English, and other subjects.Some students are doing homework, others are talking loudly.I dont like t
13、his one. Please show me another.Other,theother,another,others同步练习1. Theresno_waytodoit.A.otherB.theotherC.anotherDothers2.Somepeopleliketorestintheirfreetime._liketotravel.A.OtherB.Theothers C.Others D.Another3.Thiscakeisdelicious!CanIhave_piece,please?A.otherB.anotherC.othersD.theother4.Whereare_bo
14、ys?A.theotherB. theothersC.othersD.another5.Thesupermarketison_sideofthestreet.A.otherB.anotherC.theotherD.others6.Therewerethreebooksonmytable.Oneishere.Whereare_?A.othersB.theothersC.theotherD.another7.Someofthespeakerswentstraighttotheconferenceroom._speakersarestillhangingaround.A.TheotherB.Theo
15、thersC.AnotherD.Others8.Thisisnottheonlyanswertothequestion.Thereare_. A.theothersB.othersC.anotherD.theother9.Pleasegiveme_chance.A.otherB.theotherC.anotherD.theothers11.Idontlikethoseshoes.Pleaseshowme_.A.anotherB.otherC.theotherD.someothers12.Marydidntwant_ofthetwokindsandaskedtheshopassistanttos
16、howher_.A.both;theotherB.all;theothersC.either;anotherD.other;theothers13.Mr.Turnerboughttwobikes.Onewasforhiswife,and_wasforhisson.A.anotherB.otherC.theotherD.one14.hehastwosons.Oneisadoctor,_isastudent.Heisnowstudyingat_university.A.another;aB.theother;anC.theother;aD.another;an15.-Wouldyoulike_ap
17、ples?-_,please.A.somemore;anothertwo B.anymore;Twomore C.another;twomore D.somemore;Other16.Therearetwenty-eightstudentsintheclass.Tenofthemaregirlsand_areboys.A.theotherB.theothersC.othersD.other17.Idontlikethispen.Wouldyoupleaseshowme_one?A.anotherB.theotherC.otherD.others18.Ihavesixcoloredpencils
18、;oneisblue,anotherisred,and_aregreenA.othersB.anotherC.othersD.theothers19.-Haveyoufinishedyourreportyet? -No.Illfinishitin_tenminutes.A.anotherB.otherC.moreD.less四、重点语法、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级大多数形容词和副词有三个等级:原级、比较级、最高级;比较级表示“更”,用于两者(人或事物)之间的比较; 最高级表示“最”,用于三者或三者以上的(人或事物)之间的比较;比较级及最高级的构成:规则变化分类构成示例一般情况在词尾加-er,
19、-esttalltallertallest fastfasterfastest以字母-e结尾的词在词尾加-r ,- stnicenicernicest latelaterlatest重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母先双写该辅音字母,再加-er , -estthinthinnerthinnest bigbiggerbiggest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词先变y为i, 再加-er, -esteasyeasiereasiest earlyearlierearliest多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加more, mostinterestingmore interestingmost interes
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