最全初中英语语法之形容词副词教案已打印两份.doc
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1、形容词一 .定义:用来修饰名词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词,叫形容词。二. 形容词的作用,见下表:作 用例 句定 语You can see a lot of beautiful flowers in the garden.表 语Your coat is too small.宾语补足语The old woman keeps everything clean and tidy.注意:有些形容词只能作表语,如:alone, afraid, asleep 等。例如:Dont wake the sleeping baby up. He is asleep. The old man is alon
2、e.形容词用来修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词,要放在这些词的后面。例如:Youd better tell us something interesting.The police found nothing strange in the room.多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序是: 1)冠词或人称代词 2)数词 3)性质 4)大小 5)形状 6)表示老少,新旧 7)颜色 8)事务、质地、人的国籍、用途。例如:His grandpa still lives in this small short house.他爷爷还住在这个矮小的房
3、子里。The woman bought two beautiful Chinese plates.那个妇女买了两个漂亮的中国盘子。形容词名词化:有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词,表示一类人,谓语常用复数。这类词有:rich / poor; good / bad ; young / old ; healthy / ill ; living / dead ; black / white (表示人种等)。例如:The young should take good care of the old.年轻人应该好好照顾老人。The rich never help the poor in this count
4、ry.在这个国家,富人从来不帮助穷人。形容词短语做定语时要后置。如:They are the students easy to teach.他们是很容易较的学生。We live in a house much larger than yours.我们住的房子比你们的大得多。else要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后。如:Did you see anybody else?你看到别的人了吗?三以-ly结尾的形容词 1) 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。 改错:(错) S
5、he sang lovely. (错) He spoke to me very friendly. (对) Her singing was lovely. (对) He spoke to me in a very friendly way. 2)有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词,如daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early等。 The Times is a weekly paper. 时代周刊为周刊。 The Times is published weekly. 时代周刊每周发行一期。 副词定义: 副词主要用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或其他结构。 二. 副词的位置
6、: 1) 在实义动词之前。 2) 在be动词、助动词之后。 3) 多个助动词时,副词一般放在第一个助动词后。 注意: a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾,但宾语过长,副词可以提前,以使句子平衡。例如: We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.我们清楚地看到前面有奇怪的光。 b. 方式副词well,badly,hard等只放在句尾。例如: He speaks English well. 他英语说得好。 三. 副词的排列顺序: 1) 时间,地点副词,小单位的在前,大单位在后。 2) 方式副词,短的在前,长的在后,并用and或but等连词
7、连接。例如: Please write slowly and carefully. 请写得慢一些,仔细一些 3) 多个不同副词排列:程度+地点+方式+时间副词。 注意:副词very 可以修饰形容词,但不能修饰动词。 改错:(错)I very like English. (对)I like English very much. 注意:副词enough要放在形容词的后面,形容词enough放在名词前后都可。例如: I dont know him well enough. 他我不熟悉。 There is enough food for everyone to eat.有足够的食物供每个人吃。 四.
8、兼有两种形式的副词 1) close及closely close意思是近;closely 意思是仔细地。例如: He is sitting close to me. 他就坐在我边上。 Watch him closely. 盯着他。 2) late 及lately late意思是晚;lately 意思是最近。例如: You have come too late. 你来得太晚了。 What have you been doing lately? 近来好吗? 3) deep及deeply deep意思是深,表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度,深深地。例如: He pushed the s
9、tick deep into the mud.他把棍子深深插进泥里。 Even father was deeply moved by the film.老爸也被电影深深打动了。 4) high及highly high表示空间高度;highly表示程度,相当于much。例如: The plane was flying high. 这架飞机飞得很高。 I think highly of your opinion. 你的看法很有道理。 5) wide及widely wide表示空间宽度;widely意思是广泛地,在许多地方。例如: He opened the door wide. 他把门开得大大的。
10、 English is widely used in the world.英语在世界范围内广泛使用。 6) free及freely free的意思是免费;freely 的意思是无限制地。例如: You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.无论什么时候,我这饭铺免费对你开放。五各种类型副词的位置英语中副词的位置和汉语不尽相同,它的位置比较灵活。通常用作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词等。下面来介绍一下副词的分类方法:多数副词都可以放在它所修饰的动词后面。如:We are living happily.我们幸福的生活着。He runs slow
11、ly.他跑的很慢。时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般放在句末。如:They went to the park yesterday morning.昨天上午他们去公园了。I heard him sing English songs over there.我听见他在那边唱英语歌曲。He drove the jeep carefully.他小心地开着吉普。注意: 有时表示时间的副词也可放在句首,起强调作用。如:Yesterday I got up late.昨天我起床很晚。频度副词一般放在be动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后,实义动词之前如:He is seldom ill. 他很少生病。 You m
12、ust always remember this.你一定要记住这一点。 I often write to my parents.我经常写信给父母。 Do you usually go to school on foot.你经常走路去上学? He has never been to Beijing.他从来没有去过北京。注意:有时为了加强语气,频度副词也可放在句首。如:Sometimes she goes to school by bus and sometimes she goes to school by bike.有时她乘公共汽车上学,有时骑自行车去。程度副词修饰动词时,及频度副词相同,修饰
13、形容词和副词时,放在它所修饰的词前面。如:Thats quite early.那很早。 I nearly missed the bus.我几乎错过了公交车。She did rather badly.她干得相当糟。否定副词一般放在动词之前、系动词be或助动词之后。如:She seldom goes out at night.她晚上很少出门。 I am never late for school. 我上学从不迟到。We had hardly got to the station when the train left.火车离开时,我们差不多/几乎到了车站。疑问副词放在特殊疑问句的句首。如:When
14、 can you come?你什么时候来?How many days are there in a month?一个月有多少天?What are you going to do when you grow up?长大以后,你打算干什么?Where were you born?你是在那里出生的?Why didnt he come?他为什么没有来?同时存在时间状语和地点状语时,时间状语一般放在后面。如:The meeting will be held in the classroom tomorrow.明天会议将在教室里举行。He watched TV in his room last night
15、.他作晚在房间里看电视。They arrived in Beijing at 8 oclock last evening.他们昨天晚上8:00到达北京。注:有些词既可用做形容词也可副词。如:late, wide, well, fast, easy, early 等The road is so wide that 8 buses can go throw it at a time. Open your mouth wide.形容词副词练习一基础练习1. If I had, I would visit Europe, stopping at all the small interesting pl
16、aces.A. a long enough holiday B. an enough long holidayC. a holiday enough long D. a long holiday enough2. These oranges taste. A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well3. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard.A. the better voice B. a good voice C. the best voice D. a better voice4. I woul
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