英语毕业论文瓦尔登湖毕业论文An Analysis of the Value of H. D. Thoreaus Walden.docx
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1、英语毕业论文瓦尔登湖毕业论文An Analysis of the Value of H. D. Thoreaus Walden - 百度文库An Analysis of the Value of H. D. Thoreaus WaldenI. IntroductionHenry David Thoreau (1817-1862), a famous American writer in the nineteenth Century, author of Walden , was born in Concord , Massachusetts , and graduated from Harva
2、rd University in 1837. When he was young, he often went to the woods with his elder brother. Therefore he loved the Nature so deeply. In the 1950s, American economies soared so rapidly that there were a lot of people pursuing the material life but ignoring the spiritual life. However, Thoreau wanted
3、 to live simply. And at that time the Transcendentalist Movement was very popular in Concord , and Emerson did have a great influence on him. All of these that made Thoreau determine to build a cabin on the shore of Walden Pond , then he could live alone and be close to the Nature. Sooner, he wrote
4、the famous book, Walden , which mainly talks about his life and experiences during those days when he lived by himself in the wood near Walden Pond . In 1845, Thoreau began his two-year residence at Walden Pond , and had put the theory of transcendentalism and Emersons opinions into practice. During
5、 that period of time, he maintained that man was a part of the nature and man could and should co-exist with the nature harmoniously. Today, he is regarded as one of major interpreters of the Nature as well as American environmental saint in American literary history. In fact, sometimes we should ge
6、t rid of the hubbub of the society and life, regardless of what that means. The best place we should go to is the Nature. Only when we come back to the Nature can we realize our limitations and then better understand our life. Thoreau is not considered as a professional naturalist and his masterpiec
7、e Walden is not universally accepted and appreciated. But with the severity of environmental crises and the rise of environmental movements, Thoreaus philosophy on the nature and living simply had drawn the publics attention. At present, many researchers all over the world are paying much attention
8、to ecology and implications of the modern society, they have emphasized the relationship between plants and living creatures as well as their environment. Based on the previous researches, this paper continues to analyze Thoreaus thoughts on the nature in Walden and states that he cannot merely be v
9、iewed as an ecological writer but one of the most representative naturalists, who focused on the nature itself. On the other hand, it discusses a few related topics like Under the Dome produced by Chaijing. By exerting means of historical criticism, discussing and analyzing his life background and W
10、alden , we can easily find his opinions of the nature in Walden. We can see that his views about the nature had predicted the arrival of environmental crises, and had indicated the direction that people should move forward in the future. In general, Thoreau has left a great legacy to the world, he p
11、ointed out a lot of priceless implications for Man. Therefore, it is human beings duties to positively participate in the groups of environmental protection as Thoreau did, for it is really an effective way to protect and save our Earth. II. The Ecological Value of H. D. Thoreaus WaldenWith the thri
12、ving of industry in America in the 1850s, the environment was devastated severely by peoples excessive pursuits of materials. Facing such a situation, many scholars advocated to return to the nature. Thoreau, a typical representative in that period, formed his unique views of the nature. In this par
13、t, two main aspects of his thoughts of the nature will be interpreted: the nature is a living entity; and the nature is a means to make human beings know themselves completely, it also focuses on the relationship between Man and Nature and the implications for human life. A. Nature as a Living Entit
14、y As a representative of Romanticism, Thoreau believes that all things in the nature are alive and he deems human beings can feel the power of the nature merely by being close to the nature and living in the nature. Whats more, the nature is an organism that never dies, for the cycle of it is infini
15、te. Since the nature has always been viewed as a living organism, so it is the nature that makes every object so meaningful to Thoreau. He said: “ Nature must be viewed humanly at all; that is to say, the scenes must be associated with human affections. It indeed demonstrates his idea of things as l
16、iving organism. In Thoreaus eyes, Walden Pond is more than an usual one in Concord . It is the symbol of all the nature. During his life at Walden Pond , he treated everything as alive. All the weeds in Pond were clean and bright. And even more he described Pond with beautiful language: “A lake is t
17、he landscapes most beautiful and expressive feature. It is earths eye, looking into which the beholder measures the depth of his own nature”. (Thoreau, 2004: 143) It is obvious to see his romantic view of the nature, and we can really see that the nature is a living entity, our life is rooted in the
18、 nature, and is also continued by the nature. B . Nature as a Means of Self-realizationThoreau had always regarded the nature as a means of self-realization. That is to say, Thoreaus whole life is a process of seeking the self-realization. In his opinion, the nature is a means to make man know himse
19、lf and to have a better understanding of what kind of relationship human beings should cope with the nature and what kind of life that human beings should lead to. It is obvious that human beings and the nature can keep a harmonious relationship, and at the same time, man should decrease the desire
20、of materialism and money worship and then focus on the inner hearts.1. Relationship between Man and Nature In the 17th and 18th centuries, with the advent of the industrial revolution, the idea of the nature was increasingly related to a mechanical metaphor which regarded the nature as a dead machin
21、e whose function was just for humans exportation and money worship. This ridiculous attitude to the nature was definitely not accepted by Thoreau at all. Although he was not highly praised in his life, he variously obtained the title of “son of nature (Bronson Alcott),” “bachelor of nature (Leon Baz
22、algette),” and “lover of nature”. In Thoreaus eyes, man can maintain a harmonious relationship with the nature by being a dispensable part of the nature, returning to the nature and respecting the nature. As far as he was concerned, he thought that the nature is not only the house of human beings, b
23、ut also the home of our souls, so that being harmonious with the nature is the best way to make the dream of self-realization and self-promotion come true.Besides, Thoreau indicated that natural exuberance was damaged by science and technology, which also destroyed the harmonious relationship betwee
24、n Man and Nature. In the chapter of Sound in Walden , Thoreau took the railway as an example to illustrate it, and was skeptical about human beings control of the nature, criticized our destroying to the nature. First of all, man belongs to the nature . It is universally held that man is the ruler o
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