2019高考英语一轮核心考点探究与练习教材复习篇Unit3Inventorsandinventions含解析新人教版选修8.doc
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1、Unit 3Inventors and inventions李仕才【短文语法填空】I want to do something special for my 15yearold son, who has always been a perfect boy.He worked all summer to earn enough money to buy _1_ (he) a new racingbicycle instead of asking for money from me.Then he spent hours and hours on it.I loved my son so much
2、 _2_ I bought him a pair of sunglasses and gloves.When my son rode the racingbicycle with him, he looked very cool.He dreamed _3_ taking part in a race and winning.On November 10th, my birthday, when I went to the kitchen to start the milk and bread in the morning, I found _4_ beautiful guitar on th
3、e table, beside which was a card, _5_ (say), “Happy birthday to my wonderful mother.” I was surprised and then began to sob.I remembered once I _6_ (joke) to my family that I wanted to learn the guitar to make my life wonderful.I _7_ (forget) it, but my son remembered.He took it _8_ (serious), and b
4、ought me one as a birthday gift.When I wondered _9_ my son could buy this expensive gift, soon I realized that my son had sold his racingbicycle _10_ (get) me the guitar.语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。儿子在暑期辛苦挣钱,买了他喜爱的赛车;在“我”生日时,他送给了“我”一把漂亮的吉他。后来“我”才知道,他用卖掉了心爱的赛车的钱给“我”买了这把吉他。1himself根据本句的主语“He”可知,此处应用he的反身代词,指他整个夏天都在
5、努力工作,以赚取足够的钱给自己买一辆赛车。故填himself。2that句意:我是如此爱我的儿子,以至于我给他买了一副太阳镜和一副手套。so .that .为固定结构,意为“如此以至于”。故填that。3of句意:他梦想参加比赛并且获胜。dream of doing sth.为固定搭配,意为“梦想做某事”。4a根据空格后的“guitar”可知,“我”在桌子上发现了一把漂亮的吉他;此处泛指“一把吉他”。故填a。5saying此处指在吉他旁边有一张卡片,上面写着“祝漂亮的妈妈生日快乐”;card和say之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词形式。故填saying。6joked根据该句中的“remember
6、ed”可知,该句陈述的是过去的事情,应用一般过去时。故填joked。7had forgotten根据该句中的“but my son remembered”可知,“我”的儿子记得这件事情;这件事情应是在“我”儿子想起之前“我”已经忘记了,故用过去完成时。故填had forgotten。8seriously根据空格前的动词“took”可知,空格处修饰该动词,故用副词seriously,此外take sth.seriously为固定搭配。9how空格处引导宾语从句,指当“我”想知道儿子是怎样买到这把昂贵的吉他的时候。故用how引导该宾语从句。10to get儿子卖掉了他的赛车,给“我”买了这把吉他。
7、空格处作目的状语,故用动词不定式。故填to get。distinguish vi.& vt.显示的差别;使有所不同;辨别(1)distinguish between.and.区分/辨别和distinguish.from.使有别于,使具有区别于的特征distinguish oneself(as.)(作为)表现突出(2)distinguished adj.卓越的,著名的,杰出的be distinguished for.因而出名(3)distinguishable adj.易分辨的,能区分的(教材原句)Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by
8、 inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them.这回我有机会来表现一下自己,我要发明某种仁慈的东西,既可以把蛇抓到而又不会伤害到它们。It is hard to distinguish him from his twin brother.很难辨认出他和他的孪生兄弟。As far as I know,she has already distinguished (distinguish) herself as an athlete.据我所知,作为运动员她已享有盛名。bear vt.忍受;忍耐;负担;生育
9、(1)bear to do/doing sth.忍受做某事bear sb.to do sth.容忍某人做某事(2)cant bear/stand/tolerate sb/sbs doing/to do sth.不能忍受做某事(3)bear a heavy burden 肩负重担bear responsibility/the blame 承担责任/受责备bear/keep.in mind 记住(教材原句)I cannot bear the smell of burnt sausage on the barbecue.我忍受不了架子上烤香肠的味道。(2016浙江卷)However,a plan c
10、an_bear (bear) no fruit without being actually carried out.然而,一项不实施的计划是没有结果的。(1)bear作为动词,作“生产,生育”讲时,有两种过去分词形式:borne指“生育,生产”,而born指“出生”。如后跟by sb.时,仍用borne这个形式。(2)bear作“忍受”讲时,后可跟v.ing或不定式作宾语,且多与can,could连用。She couldnt bear his visiting (visit) her together with a big white bear.Worse still,the bear bo
11、re (bear) a baby bear before long.她不能忍受他和一头大白熊一起来拜访她。更糟糕的是,那头熊不久生下了一头小熊。associate vt.联想;联系n.同伴;伙伴(1)(2)(教材原句)Although he is most often associated with the invention of the telephone,he was indeed a continuing searcher after practical solutions to improve the quality of everybodys life.虽然人们常把他与电话的发明联
12、系在一起,但是他的确是一位永不停息的探索家,不断寻求着改善人们生活质量的途径。(2016上海卷)This saying is_associated (associate) with the Germanborn architect Mies van der Rohe.这个谚语与出生于德国的建筑师Mies van der Rohe 有关系。The first step to making friends is_associating (associate) with other people.交朋友的第一步就是要跟他人联系。【七选五】Coming facetoface with your ina
13、dequacies can be painful,to say the least.It challenges the way that you believe people see you and even makes you question yourself._1_.But handling negative feedback properly will not only make you look wellbehaved,but it could eventually help you grow as a person.Heres how to do it.Be objective a
14、bout criticism(批评)Before you jump to conclusions and begin to challenge the other persons opinion,take a step back and look at it allsidedly._2_,dont immediately allow your emotions to get the better of you,but rather,take a moment to consider whether the criticism is at all accurate._3_.Be open to
15、the idea of change_4_.And it may be because of a concept called “cognitive dissonance(认知失调)” that can prevent us from changing even when thats what we need most.“People have a view of themselves or the world that they only seek to confirm,not adjust or change,” Dr.Benn,a psychologist explains.“They
16、may ignore criticism because they wish to avoid having to change,or because it makes them feel bad,or because they feel it is not helpful.”Ask questionsIf youre open to using the criticism as a springboard to improvement, you will likely need more information.The initial moment you hear the criticis
17、m may not be the best time to ask for more details.Your emotions will be riding high,and you may not be particularly willing to accept extra information._5_.“Engage with the person who criticized you,asking what you can do differently or how you can do better,” says Dr.Benn.Even if you dont agree wi
18、th their advice,thank them and promise to consider it.AWhen you cant hear clearlyBMost of us are pretty stubbornCNext time you get a bad reviewDBut its best to avoid getting into an argumentEYour immediate reaction may be to defend yourselfFGive yourself a chance to really take in the information an
19、d evaluate itGHowever,when you feel ready,it could be worth revisiting the subject with the person who criticized you 【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章从三个方面告诉我们,当面对质疑或者批评的时候,我们应该怎么做。难句分析:Even if you dont agree with their advice, thank them and promise to consider it.(最后一段最后一句)译文:即使你不同意他们的建议,但仍然要感谢他们并且承诺会考虑他们的建议。词汇积
20、累:inadequacy n不足springboard n基础,出发点to say the least退一步说,至少可以这么说1EIt challenges the way that you believe people see you and even makes you question yourself.(第一段第二句)译文:这质疑了你认为别人看待你的方式,甚至会让你开始怀疑自己。解题思路:根据关键句及语境可知,当别人质疑你的时候,你的第一反应肯定是要保护自己(defend yourself)。故选E。2C根据“Be objective about criticism(批评)”及空格后的
21、“dont immediately allow your emotions to get the better of you, but rather.”可知,下次当你收到不好的评论时,不要立即让你的情感占了上风。故选C。3F根据上文可知,你要花时间去仔细想想这些批评是否都是正确的。F项“给你自己一个机会去真正接收并评估这些信息”承接上文,符合语境。故选F。4BAnd it may be because of a concept called “cognitive dissonance(认知失调)” that can prevent us from changing even when that
22、s what we need most.(第三段第二句)译文:这可能是由于一个叫做认知失调的观念阻止我们去改变甚至是当我们最需要改变事情的时候。解题思路:根据关键句可知,B项“我们中的大多数人都相当固执”能够引起下文,符合语境。故选B。5G上文提到当你最初听到批评的声音,你的情绪会很激动,不太愿意接受更多的批评;下文提到你要尽力去理解批评你的人,问对方你还能做什么或怎么能做得更好。由此可知,此处应用一个表转折的句子承上启下。故选G。call up 给打电话;使回忆起(1)call for 需要;要求;呼吁;(去)接(某人)call on 要求;请求;拜访某人call at (火车等)停靠;拜访
23、某地call off 取消call out 大声说;召唤某人call in 请来,召来;收回call back 召回(2)与打电话相关的短语:打电话:give sb.a ring/call;call up回电话:ring back挂断电话:ring off;hang up别挂断电话:hang/hold on(教材原句)When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset.我给住在乡下的母亲打电话的时候,她感到很心烦。The Ministry of Education calls on
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