2018年度度年硕士研究计划生入学统一专业考试英语二真题及~答案内容.doc
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1、|2018 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试真题英语二Section Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B , C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans h
2、ave an inherent need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is strong that people will 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3 .In a series of experiments, behavioral scientists at the Univer
3、sity of Chicago and the Wisconsin school of Business tested students willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 , each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens wou
4、ld 6 an electric shock when clicked.Twenty-seven students were told with pens were electrified; another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified. 7 left alone in the room. The students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the stud
5、ents who knew that would 8 . Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans, much the same as the basic drives for 11 or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of th
6、e University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinctit can 12 new scientific advances, for instancebut sometimes such 13 can backfire. The insight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to 15 , however. In a final experiment,
7、participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image. These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on ones curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. Thinking about
8、long-term 20 is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity,” Hsee says. In other words, dont read online comments.1. A. ignore B. protect C. discuss D. resolve2. A. refuse B. seek C. wait D. regret3. A. rise B. last C. hurt D. mislead4. A. alert B. expose C. tie D. treat5. A. trial B
9、. message C. review D. concept6. A. remove B. deliver C. weaken D. interrupt7. A. Unless B. If C. When D. Though8. A. change B. continue C. disappear D. happen9. A. such as B. rather than C. regardless of D. owing to10. A. disagree B. forgive C. discover D. forget11. A. pay B. food C. marriage D. sc
10、hooling|12. A. begin with B. rest on C. lead to D. learn from13. A. inquiry B. withdrawal C. persistence D. diligence14. A. self-deceptive B. self-reliant C. self-evident D. self-destructive15. A. trace B. define C. replace D. resist16. A. conceal B. overlook C. design D. predict17. A. choose B. rem
11、ember C. promise D. pretend18. A. relief B. outcome C. plan D. duty19. A. how B. why C. where D. whether20. A. limitations B. investments C. consequences D. strategiesSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,
12、 C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.Mr. Koziatek is part of something pioneering. He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning i
13、s not something of books and tests and mechanical memorization, but practical. When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike Chain?As Koziatek know, there is learning in just about everythin
14、g. Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum. They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.But hes also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of infe
15、riority. School in the family of vocational education “have that stereotype.that its for kids who cant make it academically,” he says.On one hand, that viewpoint is a logical product of Americas evolution. Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was. The job security that the US econom
16、y once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated. More education is the new principle. We want more for our kids, and rightfully so.But the headlong push into bachelors degrees for alland the subtle devaluing of anything lessmisses an important point: Thats not the only thing the Ameri
17、can economy needs. Yes, a bachelors degree opens more doors. But even now, 54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs, such as construction and high-skill manufacturing. But only 44 percent of workers are adequately trained.In other words, at a time when the working class has turned
18、 the country on its political head, frustrated that the opportunity that once defined America is vanishing, one obvious solution is staring us in the face. There is a gap in working-class jobs, but the workers who need those jobs most arent equipped to do them. Koziateks Manchester School of Technol
19、ogy High School is trying to fill that gap.Koziateks school is a wake-up call. When education becomes one-size-fits-all, it risks overlooking a nations diversity of gifts.|21. A broken bike chain is mentioned to show students lack of.A. academic training B. practical abilityC. pioneering spirit D. m
20、echanical memorization22. There exists the prejudice that vocational education is for kids who.A. have a stereotyped mind B. have no career motivationC. are financially disadvantaged D. are not academically successful23. we can infer from Paragraph 5 that high school graduates.A. used to have more j
21、ob opportunitiesB. used to have big financial concernsC. are entitled to more educational privilegesD. are reluctant to work in manufacturing24. The headlong push into bachelors degrees for all.A. helps create a lot of middle-skill jobsB. may narrow the gap in working-class jobsC. indicates the over
22、valuing of higher educationD.is expected to yield a better-trained workforce25. The authors attitude toward Koziateks school can be described as.A. tolerant B. cautiousC. supportive D. disappointedText 2While fossil fuelscoal,oil,gasstill generate roughly 85 percent of the worlds energy supply, its
23、clearer than ever that the future belongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar. The move to renewables is picking up momentum around the world:They now account for more than half of new power sources going on line.Some growth stems from a commitment by governments and farsighted businesses to
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