高中英语高考英语名词常考必考知识点总结带答案第n3771期.docx
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1、高中英语高考英语名词常考必考知识点总结带答案单项选择题(精选试题-名师出品)1、We are having a debate over the of smoking on our lungs.A. gainB. awardC. opportunityD. impact答案:D解析:考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们正在讨论吸烟对我们肺部的影响。A. gain好处,利益;B. award奖品,奖金; C opportunity机会;D. impact影响。根据句意,空处需填名词impact,表示“影响。应选D项。2、 The to success is to make good use of the
2、chance to education.A. accessB. fountainC. potentialD. document答案:A解析:考查名词词义辨析。句意:成功的途径是充分利用受教育的机会。A.access通路、入径;B. fountain喷泉;C.potential潜力;D.document文件。the access to.(的途径)符合句意。应选A项。3、 The ability to keep calm is one of her many. Owing to that, she was promoted to deal with the emergency.A. basesB.
3、 challengesC. benefitsD. strengths答案:D解析:考查名词词义辨析。句意:保持冷静的能力是她的许多优点之一。因此,她被提拔去处理紧急情况。A. bases 基础,基地;B. challenges挑战;C.benefits好处;D.strengths优点。结合句意可知,此处指保持冷静是她众 多优点之一,strength符合题意。应选D。4、 If we want to achieve success or get over the difficulties on the way, we shouldnt focus too much on the side of
4、our life .C. missionD. fault答案:B 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意:珍妮说她这辈子从没想过自己会唱歌,但现在,在唱诗班唱歌让她摆脱了所谓的“灰暗日子。A.reality现实;B.relief减轻,解除;C.mission任务;D.fault错误。根据句意以及But now可知, 但现在,在唱诗班唱歌让她摆脱了所谓的灰暗日子。应选B项。30、The earth is the planet provides us with everything we need,fresh air,clean water,so its our duty toprotect it.A.
5、whichB. whereC. whatD. in which答案:A 解析: 考查定语从句。句意:地球是提供我们需要的一切一一新鲜的空气,干净的水一一的星球,所以保护它是我们 的责任。分析句子结构可知,planet为先行词,后接限制性定语从句,先行词为物,在从句中做主语,可用 which或者that,根据所给选择项,应选A项。31 According to the result of a recent study published by Cambridge University, such as stubbornness and shyness, have a major impact o
6、n learning.A. featuresB. personalitiesC. memoriesD. appearances答案:B 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意:根据剑桥大学最近发表的一项研究结果,性格,例如固执和害羞对学习有重大影 响。A. feature 特征;B. personality 性格,气质;C. memory 回忆;D. appearance 外表。空后 such as stubbornness and shyness表示例如固执和害羞都是在对人的性格进行举例,故空处需填名词personalities 表示“性格。应选B项。32、 The official is prep
7、aring documents for a four-nation regional meeting on elephant.10A. constitutionB. affectionC. conservationD. production答案:C解析:考查名词词义辨析。句意:这位官员正在为一个关于大象保护的四国区域会议准备文件。A. constitution构成, 组成;B. affection喜爱;C. conservation保护;D. production生产。这里指关于大象保护的文件。应选CoThe officer insisted that Michael did not foll
8、ow the correct in applying for a visa.A. declarationB. gravityC. procedureD. porcelain答案:c解析:考查名词词义辨析。句意:这位官员坚持说,迈克尔在申请签证时没有按照正确的程序。A. declaration宣布;gravity重力;C.procedure程序;D. porcelain瓷器。根据applying for a visa可知,签证要按照程序申请。 应选C。33、 You didnt do anything wrongyou should have a clear.A. costumeB. corpo
9、rationC. contestD. conscience答案:D解析:考查名词词义辨析。句意:你没有做错任何事你应该问心无愧。A.costume戏装;B. corporation公司;C.contest竞赛;D.conscience良心;内疚。根据You didnt do anything wrong 可知,你没有做错任何事你应该问心无愧。应选D项。35、Its wrong for someone in such a high in the government to behave too badly in public.A. situations. employmentC. profess
10、ionD. position答案:D解析:11 考查名词词义辨析。句意:在政府中处于如此高位的人在公共场合表现得太糟糕是错误的。A. situation形势;employment 雇佣;C. profession 联业,专业;D. position 位置。根据空后“in the government to behave too badly in public.可知,空处需用名词position,表示在政府中处于如此高位的人在公众场合表现糟糕是错误的。 应选Do36、 I like the style of his writing but I dont like the.A. confidenc
11、es. flightC. contentD. track答案:c解析:考查名词词义辨析。句意:我喜欢他的写作风格,但不喜欢内容。A.confidence自信心;B.flight航班; C.content内容;D.track轨迹。根据句意以及转折关系可知,跟写作方面有关的就是写作的风格和内容。应选 Co37、Yuan Longping devoted his life to the research and development of high-yielding rice, making outstanding contributions to Chinas food.A. lackB. cu
12、isineC. securityD. purchase答案:c解析:考查名词词义辨析。句意:袁隆平一生致力于高产水稻的研究和开发,为中国的粮食平安做出了杰出的贡献。A. lack缺乏;B. cuisine风味;A security平安;D. purchase采购。由语意可知,袁隆平一生致力于研究高产、 平安的水稻。应选C项。38、The royal family has announced that the of the new baby is female.A. weightB. issueC. gender答案:C解析:考查名词。句意:皇室宣布新生儿的性别为女性。A.weight重量;B.
13、issue问题;C.gender性别。根据空格后12female可知,空格处指性别。应选C。39、We have a lot of for the single mother, for she had to bring up the children on her own.A. confidences. ambitionC. courageD. sympathy答案:D解析:考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们很同情这个单亲妈妈,因为她必须单独抚养孩子。A. confidence信心;B.ambition 抱负;C. courage 勇气;D.sympathy 同情。 根据后文“for she had
14、 to bring up the children on her own (因为她必须单独抚养孩子)可知,此处表示我们同情她。应选D。40、Nowadays, food safety has become the of the government as well as the society.A. advantages. focusC. companyD. anger答案:B解析:考查名词词义辨析。句意:如今,食品平安以及成为政府和社会关注的焦点。A. advantage优点;B.focus焦 点;C. company公司,陪伴;D.anger愤怒。根据句意,政府和社会关注食品平安,应选B项
15、。41、Angela and Ajani will pick up the marriage after they meet online several times, which is not sensible.A. acquisitions. identificationC. certificateD. qualification答案:c解析:考查名词词义辨析。句意:Angela和Ajani在网上见过几次面后就去领取结婚证,这是不明智的。A.acquisition 习得;B. identification 识别;C. certificate 证明;D. qualification 资格。结
16、合句意和句中which is not sensible可推知,Angela和Ajani在网上见过几次面后就结婚领证,是不明智的行为。名词词组marriage certificate意为结婚证书,符合句意。应选C项。42、The police ordered him not to leave the city without.13A. atmosphereB. baconC. curiosityD. permission答案:D解析:考查名词词义辨析。句意:警察命令他未经允许不得离开这座城市。A. atmosphere气氛;B.bacon熏肉;C. curiosity好奇心;D. permiss
17、ion许可。由The police ordered him可知,此处应该是“未经允许不得离开这座城 市,permission符合句意。应选D项。43、 Anyway, whether they like it or not, they do give people a very good.A. impressionB. impressC. impressiveD. impressed答案:A解析:考查名词。句意:不管怎样,不管他们喜欢与否,他们确实给人们一个很好的印象。A.impression印象; B.impress留下深刻印象;C.impressive令人印象深刻的;D.impressed
18、印象深刻的。“a very good”后跟名词的单 数形式,因此空格处是impression,应选A。44、 The only thing he listened to while up was Jazz music, for which he showed a particular.A. grew; preferenceB. was growing; interestC. grown; interestD. growing; preference答案:D解析:考查省略和名词词义辨析。句意:在他成长的过程中,他听的唯一的音乐就是爵士乐,因此他对爵士乐有特 殊的偏爱。while引导时间状语从句时
19、,如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同,那么从句的主语和be动词都可 以省略,所以 while (he was) growing。preference (爱好,偏爱的事物);interest (兴趣)。show a preference (表 现出偏爱)。根据The only thing he listened to while up was Jazz music可知,他对爵士乐有特殊的偏爱。应选D。45、 As you know, the of any species is largely influenced by its connections with other species.A. ev
20、olutionB. conclusionC. appreciationD. association14答案:A 解析:考查名词词义辨析。句意:如你所知,任何物种的进化在很大程度上都受其与其他物种的联系的影响。A.evolution 进化;B. conclusion 结论;C. appreciation 欣赏;D. association 联盟。根据句中的“species(物种)”可知, “evolution进化符合句意。应选A。46、 The whole have been hunting for the missing child.A. broadcasts, strategyC. cont
21、ributionD. neighborhood答案:D解析:考查名词词义辨析。句意:整个社区的人都在寻找那个失踪的孩子。A.broadcast广播;B.strategy策略; (contribution贡献;D.neighborhood街坊。根据句意并结合各选项可知,是大家都在寻找丧失的孩子。应选Do47、The athletes are anxiously waiting for the final of the game, because it is essential for them to go intothe next round.A. outcomeB. outlineC. com
22、ebackD. cooperation答案:A解析:考查名词词义辨析。句意:运发动们正在焦急地等待着比赛的最终结果,因为这是进入下一轮所必需的。A.outcome结果;B. outline概述;C. comeback重返;D.cooperation合作。根据句意本句指比赛结果。应选A。48、The only way to improve is through hard work and strong.A. confirmationB. registrationC. perseveranceD. significance答案:C15解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意:进步的唯一途径是通过努力和坚强的
23、毅力。A. confirmation确认,证实;B.registration登记,注册;C. perseverance毅力;D.significance重要性。根据句意及常识可知,只有通过努力 和坚定的毅力才能取得进步。应选C。49、 Weve had a few, but were still good friends.A. disagreeB. disagreesC. disagreementD. disagreements答案:D解析:考查名词。句意:我们有过一些分歧,但我们仍然是好朋友。分析句子可知,设空处单词在句中作宾语,应 用名词,disagree意为不同意,动词词性,故A和B排除
24、,“disagreement意为分歧,为可数名词,句中 a few意为一些,几个,后接可数名词复数形式,故空格处应用disagreement的复数形式disagreements。应选D项。50 The plan was so shallow and impractical that no serious was ever made to realize it.A. achievementB. commentC. attemptD. credit答案:c解析:考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个计划是如此浅薄和不切实际,以至于从来没有人认真尝试去实现它。A. achievement 成就;B. comm
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