口译技巧-数字.ppt
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1、口译技巧之数字口译口译技巧之数字口译Outline导入练习数字口译概述分数和小数的口译模糊数字的口译特殊倍数的口译趋势数字的口译实战训练Reading and interpreting numbers properlynRead the following numbers in Englishn123n一万n100000000n87654321nInterpretingnumbersn1亿?n100mn,0.1bnn150billion?n15亿?nE.g.Thisamountwouldbeenoughtoserviceits$10 billions debt.nAmE or BrE?n十亿n
2、一百亿n一千亿n一万亿(avoidusing兆)nInterpretingChineseordinalnumbersnChallenges:culturaldifferencescognitiveloadsnE.g.1这是您第几次访问中国?nE.g.2你们队得了第几名?nE.g.2令公子排行第几?InChineseweoftenhearortalkaboutordinalnumbers.IfweinterpretinEnglish,wehavetochangethewaysofasking/inquiry.n这是您第几次来中国?IsthisyourfirstvisittoChina?Thisi
3、sntyourfirstvisittoChina,isit?HowmanytimeshaveyoubeeninChina?n你们队得了第几名?Didyourteamwinthechampionship?Didyouget/winthefirstplaceinthecompetition?n这孩子是(你的)老几呀?Isthisyouroldest/youngestchild/son/daughter?数字口译数字口译n数字翻译是口译中的一大难关,数字之所以难译,其中一个主要原因在于英语和汉语对于四位数以上的数字的表达,有不同的段位概念和分段方法。英语数字以每三位数为一段位,而汉语则以每四位数为一
4、段位。不同的表达方式不同的表达方式英语英语分节号:分节号:thousand,thousand,million,million,billion billion(十亿)(十亿)汉语汉语档位:个、十、百、千、档位:个、十、百、千、万、亿万、亿1,0 0 0,0 0 0,0 0 0bmth亿万千数字的翻译口译数字的关键在于记录口译数字的关键在于记录填空计数填空计数bmth十亿亿千万百万十万万千百十个第一段位OneTenHundred第二段位ThousandTen thousandHundred thousand第三段位MillionTen millionHundred million第四段位Billi
5、onTen billionHundred billion第五段位Trillion第一段位个 十 百 千 第二段位万十万 百万 千万第三段位亿十亿百亿千亿第四段位兆(万亿)汉语数字分段法:英语数字分段法:阿拉伯数字阿拉伯数字英英语语汉语汉语1One一10Ten十100Onehundred一百1,000Onethousand一千10,000Tenthousand一万(首位*10)thousand100,000Onehundredthousand十万(首位*10)thousand1,000,000Onemillion一百万10,000,000Tenmillion一千万(首位*10)million10
6、0,000,000Onehundredmillion一亿(首位*100)million1,000,000,000Onebillion十亿(首位/10)billion10,000,000,000Tenbillion一百亿(首位/10)billion100,000,000,000Onehundredbillion一千亿(首位/10)billion1,000,000,000,000Onetrillion一兆(万亿)Common mistakes in interpreting numbersmulti-digitalnumbersntimesnapproximatenumbersnPronounci
7、ngnumbersn14%?40%?nTip:13%-19%commonmispronunciationsnHearingnumbersnS/SEAsians14%=40%?nU.S.1000=onethousand?Tenhundred?2.数字的翻译数字的翻译n一万:一万:10 thousandn十万:十万:100 thousandn百万:百万:millionn千万:千万:10 millionn亿:亿:100 millionn十亿:十亿:a billion数字的翻译n分节号的作用分节号的作用five thousand 5,thirty-two thousand 32,five millio
8、n 5,twenty five million 25,one billion 1,n用横向方式表现为:billionmillionthousand万千百十千百十亿,亿万万,万万千,百十个2,863,589,400汉语读作:二十八亿六千三百五十八万九千四百英语读作:twobillion,eighthundredsixty-threemillion,fivehundredeighty-ninethousandandfourhundredn实践是训练数字互译的根本途径。口译教学要集中一段时间专门进行数字口译训练。译员只有经过大量反复的数字口译实践才能掌握英汉数字互译的不同特点和规律,达到数字互译脱口
9、而出,快速、准确的程度。nRead the following figures in Chinese:3,8993,9087,00930,00990,59179,301780,120504,781312,6852,345,4101,129,1051,001,45331,289,09810,209,01324,155,876160,890,232101,870,171278,067,9911,898,220,0001,029,991,12490,892,134,783672,009,719,2298,890,234,891,889135,481,901,270nRead the followin
10、g Chinese figures in English,and write down the figures in Arabic figures:n六万n五十七万n四百七十六万n九百六十一万n五千九百三十三万n七百五十亿n十一亿七千五百万n三千五百三十八万五千n九亿三千六百七十七万七千分数和小数的口译分数和小数的口译 Fractions(cardinal no./ordinal no.)六分之一:六分之一:二分之一:二分之一:四分之一:四分之一:四分之三:四分之三:one-sixtha/one halfa/one quarterthree quarters 8%eightpercentn15
11、%fifteenpercentn42%forty-twopercentn4.35%fourpointthreefivepercentn0.5%pointfivepercentn4.032fourpointnaughtthreetwon71.006seventy-onepointnaughtnaughtsix n1/2onehalf;ahalfn1/3onethirdn1/4aquartern3/5three-fifthsn7/8seven-eighthsn1/10one-tenthn1/100one-hundredth;onepercentn1/1000one-thousandthn14/10
12、00fourteen-thousandthsn1/10000one-tenthousandthsn2-1/2twoandahalfn4-2/3fourandtwo-thirds分数和小数的口译分数和小数的口译五分之二:五分之二:十分之七:十分之七:千分之三:千分之三:two-fifthsseven-tenthsthree-thousandths分数和小数的口译分数和小数的口译 Fractions六十分之九十七:六十分之九十七:七十五分之三十四:七十五分之三十四:ninety-seven over sixty-threethirty-four over seventy-five 分数和小数的口译
13、分数和小数的口译六又七分之四:六又七分之四:六又二分之一:六又二分之一:九又四分之三:九又四分之三:six and four-seventhssix and a halfnine and three quarters分数和分数和小数的口译小数的口译0.7:0.546:0.009%:point seven;zero point sevenpoint five four sixzero point o o nine percent分数和分数和小数的口译小数的口译9.007:87.36%:nine point 0 0 seven;nine point zero zero seveneighty-se
14、ven point three six percent分数和分数和小数的口译小数的口译0.8 万万:0.7亿:亿:0.93亿:亿:56.08万:万:8,000;eight thousand70,000,000;seventy million93,000,000;ninety-three million560,800;five hundred and sixty thousand eight hundrednExamplesn1.中国的劳动力有7亿4千万,而欧美所有发达国家的劳动力只有4亿3千万。中国每年新增劳动力1000万,下岗和失业人口大约1400万,进城的农民工一般保持在1亿2000万。中
15、国面临巨大的就业压力,中国13亿人口有9亿农民,目前没有摆脱贫困的有3000万左右,这是按每年人均收入625元的标准计算的。n1.The population of this city in 2004 was 1.The population of this city in 2004 was 78,872,890.78,872,890.nThe natural reserve takes up an area of The natural reserve takes up an area of 123,880,000 square kilometers.123,880,000 square k
16、ilometers.nThe coastal line of this country is 7,723,605 The coastal line of this country is 7,723,605 meters.meters.nThe number of college graduates will climb to The number of college graduates will climb to a record high of 3,28 million this summer,an a record high of 3,28 million this summer,an
17、increase of 540,000,or 34%,over the year increase of 540,000,or 34%,over the year 2000.2000.nAustralia,with its landmass of 7,686,850 Australia,with its landmass of 7,686,850 square kilometers,or 2,967,893 square miles,square kilometers,or 2,967,893 square miles,has a population of 18,742,000.has a
18、population of 18,742,000.n2.tenyearsago,Chinahad1075fulltimeinstitutionsofhigherlearningwith88,100graduatesand1,320,000undergraduates.Sofar,intertiaryinstitutionsthereare1,700researchinstitutesofnaturalscience.n3.shanghaigenerated144.77billionyuanintotaltax,Corporateincometaxroseby16.6percentto88.17
19、billionyuanandindividualincometaxwas13.41billionyuan,up41percent.n4.Chinasforeignreserves,theworldssecondlargestafterJapan,hasincreasedby48.4percenttoUS$383.9billionfromthepreviousyear.n5.ShanghaiVolkswagen,Chinaslargestautomaker,isplanningtoinvestaminimumofUS$120milliononnewproductdevelopmentineach
20、ofthenextfiveyearswithanaimtodoubleitannualsalesto600,000units.Itachievedcombinedsalesof400,000unitslastyear,a32percentincreasefromayearearlier.n模糊数字的口译模糊数字的口译 口译中经常遇到一些模糊数字,如“几个”、“十几个”、“几十个”、“成百上千个”等等。模糊数字的口译虽也有一定的规律,但主要靠平时熟记,用时才能熟练自如,准确无误。注意以下模糊数字的口译n几个n十几个n几十个n几十年n七十好几了n好几百个n成千上万/千千万万n几十万nnsome;a
21、few;/several;anumberofnmorethan10;nomorethantwentyndozensofnDecadesnwelloverseventynhundredsofnthousandsofnhundredsofthousandsofNotethefollowingwaysofuncertainnumbers七十好几了七十好几了七十好几了七十好几了welloverseventy二十刚出头二十刚出头二十刚出头二十刚出头inher/hisearlytwenties三十大几了(快四十了)三十大几了(快四十了)三十大几了(快四十了)三十大几了(快四十了)inher/hislate
22、thirties千千万万千千万万千千万万千千万万thousandsandthousandsof好几百个好几百个好几百个好几百个hundredsof成千上万成千上万成千上万成千上万thousandsuponthousandof几十万几十万几十万几十万hundredsofthousandsof数以百万计的数以百万计的数以百万计的数以百万计的millionsof亿万亿万亿万亿万(人人人人)hundredsofmillionsof十年十年十年十年adecade二十年二十年二十年二十年ascore/fourscoreandsevenyearsago三十年三十年三十年三十年(25-30)(25-30)ag
23、eneration五十年五十年五十年五十年halfacentury一百年的一百年的一百年的一百年的centennial一百年一百年一百年一百年/世纪世纪世纪世纪Century特殊倍数的表达特殊倍数的表达n到2020年实现国内生产总值比2000年翻两番,达到40,000亿美元左右nQuadruplenBy2020,ChinasGDPwillquadruplethatof2000toapproximatelyUSD4trillion.n今年的粮食产量比去年增长2成.n20%nTheoutputofgrainthisyearincreasedby20%overthelastyear.Usefulve
24、rbsn位居世界第二nIsrankedthesecond/n中国经济总量位居世界第六,进出口贸易额居世界第四。nChinaseconomyisrankedthe6thintheworldanditsforeigntradeisrankedthe4th.nChinaistheworldssixthlargesteconomyandthefourthlargesttrader.n上涨,增长nTorise,toincrease,toclimb,togoup,tojump,tosoarnAsharp/considerable/slightincrease/risen下降,减少nTofall,todro
25、p,todecline,todecrease,toreduce,togodownnAsharp/slightdrop/declinenTotal总计n去年收入总计人民币150亿元,比上年增长20%nTherevenueoflastyeartotaledRMB15byuan,a20%increaseoverthepreviousyear.Shortexpressionsn今年为,比上年上涨了n,a%increaseovertheprevious/lastyearn,up%.n,tonsmorethanlastyear.n全年产量nTheannualoutputofn年均进口增速达到20%nThe
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