选修6--Unit-1-Grammar-虚拟语气课件.ppt
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1、 Unit 1Unit 1 subjunctive moodsubjunctive moodGrammarGrammar1 Study Aims:Study Aims:1.1.了解英语中的三种语气。并正确了解英语中的三种语气。并正确理解虚拟语气的含义理解虚拟语气的含义2.2.理解并掌握虚拟语气在条件状语理解并掌握虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用。从句中的应用。2语气语气 英语语气分为三种不同的语气:陈英语语气分为三种不同的语气:陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气。不述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式来表示。同的语气用动词的不同形式来表示。3陈述语气用来陈述一个事实陈述语气用来陈述一
2、个事实,或提或提出一个看法出一个看法.I went to the theatre yesterday.I went to the theatre yesterday.Jack Jack hasnt hasnt come back home e back home yet.4祈使语气用来表示请求祈使语气用来表示请求,命令命令,警告警告或劝告等。或劝告等。Let me do it.Let me do it.Please keep quiet in the reading Please keep quiet in the reading room.room.5虚拟语气用来表示说话人所说不虚拟语气用来
3、表示说话人所说不是一个事实是一个事实,而是一种假设而是一种假设,或表或表示说话人的愿望示说话人的愿望(不可能实现不可能实现)、要求、命令、建议等要求、命令、建议等 678If we have chances,we can have further If we have chances,we can have further cooperation.cooperation.9If I have If I have another chance,another chance,I will visit I will visit China again.China again.10What will
4、you do if it rains What will you do if it rains tomorrow?tomorrow?I will I will sleep sleep at home if it at home if it rains tomorrow.rains tomorrow.11if if真实条件句用于陈述语气真实条件句用于陈述语气,假设的情况很假设的情况很有可能发生有可能发生,其中其中if if是是“如果如果”的意思的意思if if条件从句条件从句一般现在时一般现在时 主句主句will shall+will shall+动词原形动词原形情态动词情态动词 +动词原形动词
5、原形12if if虚拟条件句虚拟条件句 表示条件是虚拟的或几乎无法实现的表示条件是虚拟的或几乎无法实现的,采用虚拟语气。采用虚拟语气。13 if if 引导的虚拟条件句引导的虚拟条件句与现在事实相反与现在事实相反与过去事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实相反与将来事实相反14If I had a great deal of money,I would If I had a great deal of money,I would buy a villa(buy a villa(别墅别墅)for my parents.)for my parents.与现在事实相反与现在事实相反15If I had a
6、 lot of money,I would If I had a lot of money,I would buy an expensivebuy an expensive car.car.16If I had a lot of money now,I If I had a lot of money now,I would travel around thewould travel around the world.world.17If I were the If I were the schoolmaster of our schoolmaster of our school,I would
7、 let the school,I would let the students get up a little students get up a little later to get a better later to get a better sleep.sleep.与现在事实相反与现在事实相反18一般条件句中的虚拟语气一般条件句中的虚拟语气19a.a.If they _(be)here,theyIf they _(be)here,they_(take)your advice._(take)your advice.b.If the world-war _ b.If the world-
8、war _(burst)out again,what(burst)out again,what _(happen)to _(happen)to our people on earth?our people on earth?werewerewould takewould takeburstburstwould happenwould happenPRACTICE 1:Fill in the blanks.PRACTICE 1:Fill in the blanks.20c.If the policeman _ c.If the policeman _(be not)in that room,it
9、(be not)in that room,it _(be)very dangerous._(be)very dangerous.d.If I _(be)in your d.If I _(be)in your position,I _(ask)for position,I _(ask)for teacherteachers help.s help.were notwere notcould becould bewerewerewould askwould ask21If the young man If the young man had driven had driven more more
10、carefully,carefully,hehe would not have caused would not have caused the the car accident yesterday.car accident yesterday.与过去事实相反与过去事实相反22If If hehe had got uphad got up earlier earlier ,hehe could have caughtcould have caught the train.the train.与过去事实相反与过去事实相反23If he had learnt how to swim,If he h
11、ad learnt how to swim,he would not have been trapped on he would not have been trapped on that island for four years.that island for four years.与过去事实相反与过去事实相反242.2.一般条件句中的虚拟语气一般条件句中的虚拟语气 25a.If Tom _(be)more a.If Tom _(be)more careful in the exam,he careful in the exam,he _(pass)it _(pass)it already
12、.already.b.If you _(get)up b.If you _(get)up earlier,you_ earlier,you_(catch)the first train.(catch)the first train.had beenhad beenwould have passedwould have passedhad gothad gotwould have caughtwould have caughtPRACTICE 2:Fill in the blanks.PRACTICE 2:Fill in the blanks.26c.If I _(meet)you c.If I
13、 _(meet)you yesterday,we _ yesterday,we _(go)to the concert together.(go)to the concert together.had methad metwould have gonewould have gone27If I met Obama some day,I If I met Obama some day,I would shake hands with him.would shake hands with him.与与将将来来事事实实相相反反28If he came/were to come/If he came/
14、were to come/should come here tomorrow,I should come here tomorrow,I would tell him about it.would tell him about it.如果他明天来的话如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他这件事我会告诉他这件事291 1、一般条件句中的虚拟语气、一般条件句中的虚拟语气30 a.What _ a.What _(happen)if you(happen)if you _ _(get up)too late tomorrow?(get up)too late tomorrow?would happenwould
15、 happenshould get up/got up/were to get upshould get up/got up/were to get upPRACTICE 3:Fill in the blanksPRACTICE 3:Fill in the blanks31b.If Robots _ b.If Robots _(control)the world some day,(control)the world some day,there _(be)no there _(be)no friendship.friendship.were to controlwere to control
16、would bewould be32c.If he_c.If he_(see)me,he_(know)(see)me,he_(know)me.me.saw/should see/were to seesaw/should see/were to seewould knowwould know33虚拟语气辨析:虚拟语气辨析:1.I should do it if I was you.1.I should do it if I was you.2.If my father were here 2.If my father were here now,he will tell me what to
17、do.now,he will tell me what to do.werewerewouldwould343.If I knew her telephone 3.If I knew her telephone number,I would have called number,I would have called her.her.4.If it hadn4.If it hadnt rainedt rainedyesterday,he might come here.yesterday,he might come here.5.I don5.I dont think I shall fail
18、,but t think I shall fail,but if I fail,I would try it again.if I fail,I would try it again.had knownhad knownmight have comemight have comefailedfailed351.If you_1.If you_(invite)him to come here tomorrow(invite)him to come here tomorrow,I would also come.I would also come.2.If he_2.If he_(drive)mo
19、re(drive)more carefullycarefully,he would not have had he would not have had the car accident yesterday.the car accident yesterday.3.3.If there_(be)no airIf there_(be)no air,people people _(die)._(die).invited/should invite/were to inviteinvited/should invite/were to invitehad drivenhad drivenwerewe
20、rewould diewould die361 1、一般条件句中的虚拟语气、一般条件句中的虚拟语气37 Guide 2:Guide 2:阅读阅读虚拟语气在条件状语从句虚拟语气在条件状语从句的运用的运用,并回答下列问题:并回答下列问题:1)1)什么是错综时间虚拟条件句什么是错综时间虚拟条件句?2 2)什么是含蓄虚拟条件句?什么是含蓄虚拟条件句?3 3)省略省略 if if 的条件从句又是指什么的条件从句又是指什么?38 主句与从句的动作发生的时间不主句与从句的动作发生的时间不一致一致,这叫做错综虚拟条件句这叫做错综虚拟条件句.这时这时主从句动词的虚拟语气形式因时主从句动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同
21、而不同间不同而不同,。If you had asked him yesterday,you If you had asked him yesterday,you would know what to do now.would know what to do now.39If the staff had been more careful,If the staff had been more careful,the supermarket would not be on fire the supermarket would not be on fire now.now.40If I were y
22、ou,I would have If I were you,I would have taken his advice.taken his advice.If it had rained last night(If it had rained last night(过过去去),it would be very cold),it would be very cold today(today(现在现在).).41含蓄虚拟条件句含蓄虚拟条件句 有时假设的情况并不以条件从句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来,而是暗含在上下文表示出来,而是暗含在上下文中,比如通过介词短语来表示,中,比如通过介词短语来
23、表示,如如:but for(:but for(要不是要不是),without,),without,otherwise(otherwise(否则否则),),等等 Without your help,we would not Without your help,we would not have made such rapid progress.have made such rapid progress.42 But for my brothers help,I But for my brothers help,I would not have finished it on would not h
24、ave finished it on time.time.ButBut forfor airair andand water,water,nothingnothing couldcould live.live.I had to go shopping,I had to go shopping,otherwise,I might have helped otherwise,I might have helped you at that time.you at that time.43省略省略 if if 的条件从句的条件从句 当从句中有当从句中有 were,had were,had 或或shou
25、ld should 时时,可省略可省略if if,而把它们而把它们放在句首放在句首.若有若有not,notnot,not保留保留在原处在原处.44If I were to meet him tomorrow,I If I were to meet him tomorrow,I should ask him about it.should ask him about it.Were I to meet himtomorrow,Were I to meet himtomorrow,If he should fail in the experiment If he should fail in th
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