失能老人长期照护需求问卷的编制及应用,护理硕士论文.docx
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1、失能老人长期照护需求问卷的编制及应用,护理硕士论文摘 要 目的:编制具有良好信效度以及实用性的失能老人长期照护需求问卷,调查失能老人长期照护需求,讨论不同等级的失能老人在长期照护需求内容上的差异,旨在为失能老人提供个性化、分层次的长期照护服务,对提高失能老人的生活质量具有特别重要的意义。 方式方法:1、通过查阅文献,半构造化访谈,构建条目池,经两轮专家咨询和外表效度检验后,构成失能老人长期照护需求初始化问卷;采用 Cronbachs 系数法检验问卷内部一致性信度;50 名失能老人在两周后再次填写问卷计算重测信度;根据奇数项和偶数项将问卷分为两个子问卷计算折半信度;内容效度采用 CVI 值;构造
2、效度采用因子分析法;2、采用问卷调查法,应用失能老人长期照护需求问卷,调查失能老人长期照护需求现在状况。 结果:1、失能老人长期照护需求初始化问卷,包括 6 个维度,59 个条目,日常照护需求15 条、疾病照护需求23 条、精神需求5 条、环境设施需求7条、人力支援需求4 条、灵性照护需求5 条。调查 400 名失能老人进行问卷信效度检验:问卷的 S-CVI 为 0.959,I-CVI 在 0.801.00 之间;采用探寻求索性因子分析提取出 4 个公因子,累积奉献率为 54.270,根据条目内容将因子分别命名为医疗康复需求13 条、心理社会支持需求8 条、专科护理需求8条、日常生活需求5 条
3、;各维度之间以及各维度与总问卷的 Pearson 相关系数介于 0.5350.886P均0.01;问卷的 Cronbachs 系数为 0.948;重测信度为 0.914P0.01;折半信度为 0.926P0.01;2、调查 416 名失能老人长期照护需求现在状况:失能老人长期照护需求总得分平均分为3.060.64分,处于中等水平;轻度失能老人2.810.56分,处于低等水平;中度失能老人3.300.61分,处于中等水平;重度失能老人3.390.60分,处于中等水平。 结论:1、本研究编制的失能老人长期照护需求问卷信效度较好,可用于评估失能老人长期照护需求的现在状况。2、本研究失能老人长期照护需
4、求水平处于中等水平,失能老人最希望得到心理社会支持需求,其次是日常生活需求、医疗康复需求、专科护理需求。随着失能程度加重,失能老人的长期照护需求水平也在逐步升高,对专科护理和日常生活的需求也越高。轻、中度失能老人最希望得到心理社会支持需求,重度失能老人最希望得到日常生活需求。在照护失能老人的经过中,应根据失能老人不同能力等级情况制定相应的照护计划,更好地为失能老人提供具有针对性、长期性、持续性、有效性的照护服务。 本文关键词语 : 失能老人;失能程度;长期照护需求;问卷 。 Abstract Objective: Compile a long-term care needs questionn
5、aire with good reliability, validityand practicability for the disabled elderly to investigate the long-term care needs of thedisabled elderly, explore the differences in the content of the long-term care needs of thedisabled elderly at different levels, and aim to provide personality for the disabl
6、ed elderlyLong-term care services that are integrated and hierarchical are of great significance toimproving the quality of life of disabled elderly people. Methods: 1. Through literature review, semi-structured interviews, an item pool wasconstructed, and after two rounds of expert consultation and
7、 face validity tests, an initialquestionnaire for the long-term care needs of the disabled elderly was formed;Cronbachscoefficient method was used to test the reliability of the questionnaire s internalconsistency; 50 disabled elderly people filled out the questionnaire again two weeks laterto calcu
8、late the test-retest reliability; divided the questionnaire into two sub-questionsaccording to the odd and even items to calculate the half-reliability; the content validitywas based on the CVI value; the structure validity was based on the factor analysis method2. Using the questionnaire survey met
9、hod, apply the questionnaire on the long-term careneeds of the disabled elderly to investigate the status quo of the long-term care needs ofthe disabled elderly. Results: 1. The initial questionnaire for the long-term care needs of the disabled elderly,including 6 dimensions, 59 items, daily care ne
10、eds (15 items), disease care needs (23 items),mental needs (5 items), and environmental facility needs (7 items) , human support needs(4 items), spiritual care needs (5 items). To investigate the reliability and validity of thequestionnaire for 400 disabled elderly people: The S-CVI of the questionn
11、aire was 0.959,and the I-CVI was between 0.80 and 1.00; four common factors were extracted byexploratory factor analysis, and the cumulative contribution rate was 54.270. Accordingto the content of the item, the factors are named as medical rehabilitation needs (13 items),psychosocial support needs
12、(8 items), specialized nursing needs (8 items), daily life needs(5 items); between each dimension and between each dimension and the total the Pearsoncorrelation coefficient of the questionnaire ranges from 0.535 to 0.886 (all P 0.01); theCronbachs coefficient of the questionnaire is 0.948; the test
13、-retest reliability is 0.914 (P 0.01); the half-reliability is 0.926 (P 0.01); 2. To investigate the status quo of long-term care needs of 416 disabled elderly people: the average score of the long-term careneeds of disabled elderly people is (3.060.64) points, which is at a middle level; theelderly
14、 with mild disability scores (2.810.56), which is at a low level; The elderly withmoderate disability scores (3.300.61), which is at the middle level; the elderly with severedisability scores (3.390.60), which is at the middle level. Conclusion:1.The questionnaire on the long-term care needs of the
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