2017考研英语(一)真题.pdf
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1、1 12017 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWERSHEET. (10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding “yes!” 1 helping you feel close and 2t
2、o people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a 3 of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it ornot, a warm embrace might even help you 4 getting sick this winter.In a recent study 5 over 400 healthy adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvaniaexamined the
3、 effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs 6 the participants susceptibility todeveloping the common cold after being 7 to the virus. People who perceived greater social support were less likelyto come 8 with a cold, and the researchers 9 that the stress-reducing effects of hugging
4、 10 about 32 percent of thatbeneficial effect. 11 among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequenthugs had less severe 12 .“Hugging protects people who are under stress from the 13 risk for colds thats usually 14 with stress,” notesSheldon Cohen, a prof
5、essor of psychology at Carnegie. Hugging “is a marker of intimacy and helps 15 the feelingthat others are there to help 16 difficulty.”Some experts 17 the stress-reducing , health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called“the bonding hormone” 18 it promotes attachment in r
6、elationships, including that between mother and their newbornbabies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain, and some of it is released into thebloodstream. But some of it 19 in the brain, where it 20 mood, behavior and physiology.1.A UnlikeB BesidesC Throughout D Despite2
7、.A equalB restrictedC connectedD inferior3.A hostB viewC lessonD choice4.A recallB forgetC avoidD keep5.A collectingB affectingC guidingD involving6.A onB inC atD of7.A devotedB exposedC lostD attracted8.A acrossB alongC downD out9.A imaginedB deniedC doubtedD calculated10.A servedB explainedC resto
8、redD required11.A ThusB StillC RatherD Even12.A defeatsB symptomsC errorsD tests13.A highlightedB minimizedC controlledD increased14.A associatedB equippedC presentedD compared15.A assessB moderateC generateD record16.A in the face ofB in the form ofC in the way ofD in the name of17.A attributeB com
9、mitC transferD return18.A unlessB becauseC thoughD until19.A emergesB vanishesC remainsD decreases2 220.A experiencesB combinesC justifiesDinfluencesSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark you
10、ranswers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1First two hours , now three hoursthis is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up tocatch a domestic flight , at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-cons
11、uming security procedures in return for increased safety. The crash ofEgypt Air Flight 804, which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea, provides another tragicreminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines publicsupport
12、 for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans economic and private lives, not tomention infuriating.Last year, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) found in a secret check that undercoverinvestigators were able to sneak weaponsboth fake and realpast airport security
13、 nearly every time they tried.Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improvingeconomy and low oil prices, have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicagos OHare International. It isnot yet clear how much more effective airline security
14、has becomebut the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel, so the TSA is nowrushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes.Another factor may be that mo
15、re people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees,though the airlines strongly dispute this.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll morepeople in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win
16、-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers whopass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA to focus on travelers whoare higher risk, saving time for everyone involved. The TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhere close
17、 to that, and one big reason is sticker shock.: Passengers must pay $85 every fiveyears to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has been PreChecks fatal flaw.Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so dire
18、ctly,by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling publicsuffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.21. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 i
19、s mentioned to _.A stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.B explain Americans tolerance of current security checks.C highlight the necessity of upgrading major U.S airports.D emphasis the importance of privacy protection.22. Which of the following contributions to long waits at major ai
20、rports?A New restrictions on carry-on bags.B The declining efficiency of the TSA.C An increase in the number of travelers.D Frequent unexpected secret checks.3 323.The word “expedited” (Line 4, Para.5) is closest in meaning to _.A quieter.B faster.C wider.D cheaper.24. One problem with the PreCheck
21、program is _.A A dramatic reduction of its scale.B Its wrongly-directed implementation.C The governments reluctance to back it.D An unreasonable price for enrollment.25. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A Getting Stuck in Security LinesB PreChecka Belated SolutionC Less Sc
22、reening for More SafetyD Underused PreCheck LanesText 2“The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers,” wrote Queen Liliuokalani, Hawaiis last reigning monarch, in 1897.Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society. Sadly, all is not well with astronomy inHawaii today. Protests hav
23、e erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT), a giant observatory thatpromises to revolutionize humanitys view of the cosmos.At issue is the TMTs planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as thepiko, that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heav
24、ens. But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the worlds mostpowerful telescopes. Rested in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna Keas peak rises above the bulk of our planets denseatmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing
25、new. A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environmentshave long viewed their presence as disrespect for sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what wasonce a sovereign nation.Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers. In their eagerness to build bigger telesc
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