定语从句完整.pptx
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1、会计学1定语从句完整定语从句完整n n需要掌握知识:需要掌握知识:n n1.1.定义定义n n2.2.关系词的分类及用法关系词的分类及用法n n3.that 3.that 和和whichwhich用法比较用法比较n n4.4.特殊定语从句特殊定语从句第1页/共74页n nAttributive ClauseAttributive Clause(定语从句)(定语从句)(定语从句)(定语从句)n n一:概念一:概念一:概念一:概念n n在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句叫做定语
2、从句叫做定语从句叫做定语从句.被修饰的名词或代词叫被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词先行词。He is an English teacher who likes singing songs.定语从句先行词引导词引导词关系代词关系代词:whowhomthatwhichwhose关系副词关系副词:wherewhenwhy第2页/共74页n n二:引导词通常有三个作用:二:引导词通常有三个作用:二:引导词通常有三个作用:二:引导词通常有三个作用:n n1.1.引导定语从句;引导定语从句;引导定语从句;引导定语从句;n n2.2.指代先行词;指代先行词;指代先行词;指代先行词;n n3.3.在定语从句中充当句
3、子成分。在定语从句中充当句子成分。在定语从句中充当句子成分。在定语从句中充当句子成分。n nThe book The book that that you referred to is mine.you referred to is mine.第3页/共74页1.The girl _ is sitting in the chair is a good singer.2.The skirt _(_ Mary bought two years ago is old.3.Is this the novel _ you introduced to me?4.Where is the boy _ bro
4、ke the window?5.Luckily none of the people_I know were killed in the earthquake.who/thatwhich/that)(that/which)who/that(that/whom)第4页/共74页注意:注意:1 1 关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都要关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都要 充当充当句子成分句子成分。2 2 当当关关系系代代词词充充当当动动词词和和介介词词的的宾宾语语时时可可省省略略,但但如如果果介介词词提提前前的的话话,不不可可以以用用that,that,而而且且不不可可以省略。以省略。3 3 定语从句
5、中的谓语动词要和先行词保持一致定语从句中的谓语动词要和先行词保持一致注意:注意:one of+one of+名词的复数名词的复数the only/the just/the very+one of+the only/the just/the very+one of+名词复数。名词复数。4 4 定语从句分为限制性和非限制性两种。定语从句分为限制性和非限制性两种。5 5 非限制性定语从句中的关系词不可以省略。非限制性定语从句中的关系词不可以省略。第5页/共74页关系代词的功能:关系代词的功能:Who 指人做主语指人做主语Whom 指人作宾语指人作宾语That 指人也指物,做主语也做宾语指人也指物,做
6、主语也做宾语Which 指物,做主语也做宾语指物,做主语也做宾语Whose 指人也指物,做定语,强调所属指人也指物,做定语,强调所属 关系关系When 指时间,做时间状语指时间,做时间状语Where 指地点,做地点状语指地点,做地点状语Why 指原因,做原因状语指原因,做原因状语第6页/共74页例例 1.The man _ gave you the talk yesterday is our teacher.that/who指人:that/who(主语)那个站在树底下的女生是我同桌。那个站在树底下的女生是我同桌。那个曾经伤了我的自尊的男生在那边。那个曾经伤了我的自尊的男生在那边。The gir
7、l who/that is standing under the tree is my deskmate.The boy who/that hurt my pride once is over there.第7页/共74页例2:The boy_ the nurse is looking after is my friend.(whom/that)指人:whom/that(宾语,可省略)你所提到的那个老师已经退休。你所提到的那个老师已经退休。你所关心的那个男生犟得像头驴。你所关心的那个男生犟得像头驴。The teacher(that/whom)you referred to has retire
8、d.The boy(that/whom)you cared about is as stubborn as a donkey.第8页/共74页例3:The car_ is red was damaged yesterday.that/which指物:that/which(主语)属于我的那本书很贵重。属于我的那本书很贵重。正在被建造的的学校是我们的新学校。正在被建造的的学校是我们的新学校。The book which/that belongs to me is valuable.The school which/that is being repaired is our new school.第
9、9页/共74页例4:The question_ I dont understand is about grammar.(that/which)指物:that/which(宾语,可省略)我所喜欢的科目是地理。我所喜欢的科目是地理。我不擅长的语法是定语从句。我不擅长的语法是定语从句。The subject(that/which)I am fond of is geography.The grammar(that/which)I am not good at is the attributive clause.第10页/共74页1.正在打篮球的正在打篮球的男生们来自一年级。男生们来自一年级。The
10、boys are from Grade One.who/that are playing basketball2.照顾我姐姐的护士很善良。照顾我姐姐的护士很善良。The nurse is kind.who/that looks after my sister第11页/共74页We watched the play“Teahouse”which/that was written by Lao She.3.我们观看那部戏是由老舍写的茶馆。我们观看那部戏是由老舍写的茶馆。4.你昨天所见的那个年轻人是个著名的作家。你昨天所见的那个年轻人是个著名的作家。The young man(whom/that)y
11、ou saw yesterday is a famous writer.第12页/共74页5.一听到那个消息,那个名字叫一听到那个消息,那个名字叫Tom的男生刚才潸的男生刚才潸然泪下。然泪下。6.封皮是蓝色的那本书不见了。封皮是蓝色的那本书不见了。7.这就是我出生的村庄。这就是我出生的村庄。8.我永远不会忘记我哥哥参军的那一天。我永远不会忘记我哥哥参军的那一天。9.你相信他迟到的理由吗?你相信他迟到的理由吗?5.At the sound of the news,the boy whose name is Tom burst into tears just now.6.The book whos
12、e cover is blue is missing.7.This is the village where I was born.8.I will never forget the day when my brother joined the army.9.Do you believe the reason why he was late?第13页/共74页1.Whose在在引引导导定定语语从从句句时时,用用作作定定语语。指人时:指人时:=the+n+of whom =of whom+the+n指物时:指物时:=the+n+of which =of which+the+n第14页/共74页
13、Do you know the man whose name is Wang Yu?Do you know the man the name of whom/of whom the name is Wang Yu?Mary lives in the house whose roof is red.Mary lives in the house the roof of which/of which the roof is red.第15页/共74页1.The student _father works in the factory is sitting there.2.I like the ro
14、oms _windows face south.3.This is the desk _legs were broken.请问同学们:你能用别的方式改写吗?whosewhosewhose第16页/共74页1.Yesterday she talked with one woman _ husband died in that accident.A.which B.whose C.of which D.thatB2.Last week,we watched Beijing Opera,_ style was unfamiliar to most of us.Awhat BwhichCwhere D
15、whoseD第17页/共74页3.Many children,_ parents are away working in big cities,are taken good care of in the village.Atheir BwhoseCof them Dwith whomB第18页/共74页2.2.只用只用WhichWhich引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。常规情况下:常规情况下:whichwhich在从句做在从句做主语主语或或宾语,但宾语,但介词提前时,只用介词提前时,只用whichwhich。The building which/that stands near the riv
16、er is our school.(主语)主语)This is the book(which/that)you want.(宾语)(宾语)The room in which there is a machine is a workshop.(宾语)(宾语)第19页/共74页 注意:注意:whom,which 作介词宾语时,介词一般可放作介词宾语时,介词一般可放在关系代词之前,也可放在原来的位置上;但是在关系代词之前,也可放在原来的位置上;但是在含有在含有介词的动词固定词组介词的动词固定词组中,介词只能放在原中,介词只能放在原来的位置上。来的位置上。This is the person whom
17、 you are looking for.第20页/共74页 which还可以引导非限制性定语从句,还可以引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面整个句子或者某个词。指代前面整个句子或者某个词。1.I have lost my pen,which I like very much.2.She was awarded a gold medal,which the whole family considered a great honor.3.She is always late for class,which makes the teacher angry.第21页/共74页3 3、由、由thatthat
18、引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。常规情况下:常规情况下:that在从句中可以指在从句中可以指人或物人或物,在从句中做主,在从句中做主语或宾语。语或宾语。但:但:1.that不能放在介词后面作介词的宾语。不能放在介词后面作介词的宾语。This is the school in that you will study.()This is the school in which you will study.()This is the school(which/that)you will study in.()2.that也不可以引导非限制性定语从句。也不可以引导非限制性定语从句。第22页/共74页
19、1.We went to Mountain Tai last weekend,_,not surprisingly,was crowded with visitors.Athat BwhichCwhere DWhen2.There are altogether fiftysix students in our class,_ is a new comer from a faraway mountain village.Athe most hardworking of who Bof whom the most hardworkingCthe most hardworking of them D
20、but the most hardworking of whomBB第23页/共74页注意注意 在下面几种情况下必须用在下面几种情况下必须用that引导定语从句。引导定语从句。先行词是不定代词先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything nothing,anything 等。等。All that we have to do is to practise every day.Something that we heard was of great truth.当先行词是当先
21、行词是all,everybody,nobody,anybody等不定等不定代词时,如关系代词在从句中当主语,则优先选用代词时,如关系代词在从句中当主语,则优先选用who连接主从句。连接主从句。Anybody who refused to bow was thrown into prison without trial.Everybody who were willing to see the film signed their names here.第24页/共74页 先行词被序数词、先行词被序数词、the last或形容词的最高或形容词的最高级所修饰。级所修饰。The first thing
22、 that I learned will never be forgotten.This is the most interesting film that I have ever seen.先行词被先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等修饰。等修饰。I have read all the books that you gave me.第25页/共74页 先行词被先行词被the only,the very 修饰。修饰。This is the very pen that I am looking for.He is the only person t
23、hat I want to talk to.先行词既有人又有物时。先行词既有人又有物时。They talked of things and persons that they remembered.第26页/共74页 当句中已有当句中已有who who 或或whichwhich时,为避免重复。时,为避免重复。Who is the man that is talking to John?Which is the book(that)you want?如有两个定语从句,其中一个已经用了如有两个定语从句,其中一个已经用了which/whowhich/who,则另一个用,则另一个用that.that.
24、第27页/共74页Edison built a factory which produced things that had never been seen.I met the poet who wrote the poem that is popular.8.当先行词在主句中作表语,引导词在定当先行词在主句中作表语,引导词在定语从句中做表语时。语从句中做表语时。China is no longer the country _it used to be.=China is no longer what it used to be.that第28页/共74页(衡水中学衡水中学)They went
25、 on well at first but eventually everything _ they had worried about happened.Awhich Bwhat Cthat DWhen(南昌调研南昌调研)You can only be sure of all _ you have at present;you cannot be sure of something _ you might get in the future.Athat;what Bthat;/Cwhich;that Dwhat;thatCB第29页/共74页(宁波联考宁波联考)Do you agree wi
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