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1、Grammar:Direct and Indirect Speech(1)1.转述他人的陈述陈述句 She asked me what I was doing.1)He said,“Im going to Beijing.”He said that he was going to Beijing.2)He asked,“Are you a teacher?”He asked me if/whether I was a teacher.3)She said,“What are you doing?”2.转述他人的疑问一般疑问句3.转述他人的问题特殊疑问句 第1页/共24页直接引语变成间接引语,句
2、子结构的变化直接引语变成间接引语,句子结构的变化 He said,“I have been to the Great Wall.”He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall.He said,“Ill give you an examination next Monday.”He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday.陈述句陈述句用连词用连词thatthat引导,引导,thatthat在口语中常省略。主句的谓语在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的动词
3、可直接用引语中的said,said,也可用也可用toldtold来代替来代替,注意,注意,可以说可以说said that,said to sb.that,told sb.thatsaid that,said to sb.that,told sb.that,不可直接说不可直接说told that told that 第2页/共24页陈述句解题步骤陈述句解题步骤:“I dont like computers,”Sarah said to her friends.Sarah said to her friendsthat I dont like(I dont like computers.)didn
4、tsheSarah said to her friends that she didnt like computers.第3页/共24页一般疑问句 He said,“Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?”He asked(me)whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation.He said,“You are interested in English,arent you?”He asked whether I was interested in English.间接引语用连词wh
5、ether或if引导,原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked(me/him/us等),语序是陈述句的语序 第4页/共24页一般疑问句解题步骤:Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil?(They asked him)They asked himifIt is easy to improve the condition of the soil.(it is easy to improve the condition of the soil.)askediswasThey asked him if it was easy to improve
6、 the condition of the soil.第5页/共24页特殊疑问句 He said to me,“Whats your name?”He asked me what my name was.He asked us,“How many car factories have been built in your country?”He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country.原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词,主句的谓语动词用ask(sb.)来表达,语序改为陈述句语序 第6页/共24页3.特殊疑问句解题步
7、骤:When do you harvest the wheat?(They asked him)They asked himWhenyou harvest the wheat(you harvest the wheat.)heheharvestedThey asked him when he harvested the wheat.第7页/共24页选择疑问句 He asked,“Do you speak English or French?”He asked me whether I spoke English or French.用whetheror表达,而不用ifor,也不用eithero
8、r 第8页/共24页在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化1.注意时态的变化注意时态的变化2.注意人称变化注意人称变化7.注意语序的变化注意语序的变化3.注意指示代词的变化注意指示代词的变化4.注意时间的变化注意时间的变化5.注意地点的变化注意地点的变化6.注意个别趋向动词的变化注意个别趋向动词的变化第9页/共24页直接引语直接引语direct speech间接引语间接引语indirect speech一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时过去完成时过去完成时第10页/共24页He said h
9、eplays footballis playinghas playedplayedwill playhad playedplayed footballwas playinghad playedhad playedwould playhad played第11页/共24页He said that Light travels much faster than sound.谓语动词时态不变的几种情况:谓语动词时态不变的几种情况:1.1.客观真理客观真理He said,“Light travels much faster than sound.”2.2.格言格言/谚语谚语He said,“Rome i
10、snt built in a day.”He said that Rome isnt built in a day.第12页/共24页She says that shell never forget the days in the country.3.所表述的内容在目前和说话时同样有效所表述的内容在目前和说话时同样有效The children said,“We love this game.”4.主句谓语动词的时态是现在时态主句谓语动词的时态是现在时态She says,“Ill never forget the days in the country.”第13页/共24页5.5.经常的习惯:经
11、常的习惯:He said to the doctor,“I smoke two packs every day.”He told the doctor that he smokes two packs every day.第14页/共24页6.6.历史事件:历史事件:The teacher said,“World War ended in 1945.”The teacher said that World War ended in 1945.第15页/共24页7.7.部分情态动词部分情态动词,如如must,ought to,used to,had better等:等:She said to m
12、e:“You must hurry up.”She said that I must hurry up.第16页/共24页 直接引语 间接引语指示代词 时 间 状 语 地点状语 方向性动词 this,that,these those now,then,today that day this week that week yesterday the day before last week the week before four days ago four days before the day before yesterday two days before tomorrow the nex
13、t daynext month the next month here there come,go,Bring,take,borrowlend第17页/共24页直接引语中的助动词直接引语中的助动词 间接引语中的助动词间接引语中的助动词shallshallshouldshouldshouldshouldShouldShould(不变)(不变)willwillwouldwouldwouldwouldWouldWould(不变)(不变)maymaymightmightmightmightMightMight(不变)(不变)cancancouldcouldcouldcouldCouldCould(不变
14、)(不变)mustmustMust/had toMust/had to第18页/共24页Exercises:1.He said,“I m afraid I cant finish this work.”2.He said,“I havent heard from him since May.”3.Tom said“I will see you next week.”He said that he was afraid he couldnt finish that work.He said that he hadnt heard from him since May.Tom said that
15、he would see me the next week.第19页/共24页4.“Why were you late again?”The teacher said to me.5.“Have you been to Paris?”My classmate asked me.6.His friends asked him if he would go to Dalian.The teacher asked me why I was late again.His friends asked him,“Will you go to Dalian?”My classmate asked me if
16、 I had been to Paris.第20页/共24页Try to do SB P.5 Ex.2 Change the sentences either into direct speech or indirect speech:1.Anne said that she didnt know the address of her new home.2.Anne told her father that she had got tired of looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows.3.The girl sai
17、d that she needed to pack up her things in the suitcase very quickly.第21页/共24页4.Her father asked her why she had chosen her diary and old letters.5.“Are you very hot with so many clothes on?”Mother asked/said to her.6.“What else have you hidden under your overcoat?”Margot asked her.7.“When shall we go back home?”Anne asked her father.8.“Why did you talk so much to that boy?”Father asked Anne.第22页/共24页Goodbye!Goodbye!第23页/共24页感谢您的观看!第24页/共24页
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