中考英语语法第16讲--情态动词课件(30ppt).ppt
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1、中考英语语法,第十六讲 情态动词,第一部分:基本知识,一、情态动词是什么?,动词的类别,行为动词,系动词,助动词,情态动词,能够独立做谓语,不能独立做谓语,掌握情态动词的定义:表示可能、怀疑、允诺、愿望、义务、必要、猜测等的动词是情态动词。,二、情态动词的基本句型,陈述句 主+情态动词+ v原疑问句 情态动词+主+ v原?考点:注意may, must疑问句的否定回答否定句 -主+情态动词 not+ v原考点:注意had better, need两种词性, ought to 的否定,三、常考的情态动词,can能; 可能-couldmay可以-mightmust必须;一定need需要-非标准情态动
2、词should-shall would-willhad betterused to 过去常常Would rather 宁愿ought to应当,第二部分:常考情态动词,的三个“能”,能力,乐意,可能,can,can与be able to 的区别,Can 是情态动词,不能独立做谓语be able to是系动词,能够独立做谓语,所有表示“意愿类题目”,都适用Can/Could you give me some water?,此时can 与could相等,can与must的区别,Must肯定是(无否定)可能是,1. He will _ finish it by himself.can/ may/ b
3、e able to/ 不填(多)2. can you give me _ suggestion?another/ other/ the other/ others3. She _ run fast, but I cant.may/ must/ need/ can,的两个意思,乐意,可能,may,may的回答,肯定回答一般是:Yes, please./Certainly./ Sure等,否定回答一般是:Please dont./No,you cant/mustnt.,can多用于疑问句和否定句,表示怀疑或不相信等态度;而may则多用于陈述句(肯定),表示一种揣测。,can与may的区别,He m
4、ay be right他可能对He cant be right他不可能对,的两个意思,必须,肯定,must,must的否定回答,肯定回答:yes, must否定回答:no, you neednt/ no, you dont have to,can多用于疑问句和否定句,表示怀疑或不相信等态度;Must表示推测时,不能用否定句,can与must的区别,Dont have to 不必- mustnt一定不能neednt 不必must 表必须有否定; 表肯定,不能用否定句,Must的否定,I didnt hear the phone. I must have been asleep.我刚才没有听到电话
5、,我想必是睡着了,的两个词性,情态动词,行为动词,need,You neednt answer the question now.,You dont need ot answer the question now.,Had better最好,易错点:错误理解为had, 或better否定解析:你最好立刻就做You had better do it right now.你最好不要碰它You had better not touch it.,的三个辨析,Used to,Be used to doing,Be used to do,used to,过去常常(情态动词),He used to go s
6、hopping on weekends.他过去常常周末去买东西,The Englishman isnt used to driving on theright in China.,某人习惯于(to是介词),被动语态(to是不定式),Pens are used to write on paper.,Would rather do.than do宁愿做而不愿做,解析:宁愿而不愿,中考共三种表达方式1、prefer to do.rather than do宁愿做而不愿做(动词词组)例:I prefer to swim rather than stay at home.我宁愿去跑步也不愿待在家里2、w
7、ould rather do.than do宁愿做而不愿做(动词词组)例:I would rather swim than stay at home. 我宁愿去跑步也不愿待在家里3、preferto I prefer dogs to cats.相对于猫.我更喜欢狗. Would rather是情态动词,否定为 would rather not do,第三部分:情态动词与助动词,Can与could的相同与不同,Can能力 he said: “I can do that.”乐意 can I help you?可能It cannt be rainy,Could能力,是can的过去式He said t
8、hat he could do that .表乐意,could可独立一词.Could I go with you?,(willwould; shall should于此相似),Will只用于将来时, he will come tomorrowshall, will用来征求对方意见,shall用于第一人称,will用于第二人称,用来表示意愿;shall用于第二、第三人称,will用于第一人称。,Would过去将来时,是will的过去式.He said that he would come tomorrow.表乐意 Would you like?虚拟语气,1. The doctor suggest
9、ed that he _ the medicine 3 times a day.多Take/ took/ takes/ should take解析Suggest/advice that 主+should +v原。考点: should 省略;给时态迷惑2. She would leave the city if the rain _.Stops/ would stop/ stopped/ stopping解析:1判断would-过去时,从句也用过去时2主句过去将来,if 从句用一般过去3.The patient knew that he _ the wrong mdicine.take/ too
10、k/ takes/ should take,第四部分:真题解析与练习,1must和have to【考例】-Must we finish giving out the posters today?-Yes, we _. It cant be put off any longer. 太原市A. can B. may C. must答案C。解析 此题考查情态动词的用法。回答由must引起的一般疑问句,其肯定答语要用must,不能用can或may。故选C。-I didnt pass the math test. I think I have spent too much time playing co
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