词义猜测题 (2).ppt
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1、第21讲 词义猜测题 2(2012湖南卷A篇)I called back.I told my mom to go without me and that I already created my gift.I sent the photo of the creamcolored flower to my computer and typed the poem on top of it.As I was arranging the details another poem came to mind.The poem was written by Edgar Allan Poe;my dad re
2、cited it as much as he did the other.I typed that out as well and searched online for a background to the words of _it_.358.The underlined word“it”in Paragraph 3 refers to a poem by _.A.the father B.the author C.William Blake D.Edgar Allan Poe 58.D词义推测题。考查上下文中代词的指代。根据第三段中的I typed that out as well an
3、d searched online for a background to the words of it.可知,作者在见到这第二首诗时“也”打印出来了。这就是Edgar Allan Poe写的诗。故选D。思路点拨思路点拨 猜词是英语阅读的重要技巧,也是高考中常考的题型。考生要学会“顺藤摸瓜”,通过构词、定义、对比、因果、联想、上下文等线索(各种已知信息)确定词义。要求猜测词义的词一般为实词(动词、名词、形容词等)。就方法来说,主要根据上下文线索和构词法。高考阅读文章中更侧重前者。.根据定义猜测词义根据定义猜测词义 通过定义、定语从句/词组或同位语从句/词组等来确定词义。1.直接定义:如果生词
4、是句子或段落所解释的定义,理解句子或段落本身就是推断词义。例句:In slang the term jam constitutes a state of being in which a person finds himself or herself in a difficult situation.分分析析:根据上下文的定义可知jam一词在俚语中的意思是“困境”。定义句的谓语动词多为:be,mean,deal with,be considered,to be,refer to,be called,be known as,define,represent等。2.同位语:构成同位关系的两部分之间
5、多用逗号连接,有时也使用破折号、冒号、分号、引号和括号等。需要注意的是:同位语前还常有or,similarly,that is to say,in other words,namely,or other,say,ie.等副词或短语出现。3.定语从句:定语从句有时起着解释和说明的作用,据此我们可以推断出所修饰词的含义。例句:The herdsman,_who looks after sheep,earns about 650 yuan a year.分析:定语从句中 looks after sheep 就表明了 herdsman 的词义为“牧羊人”。【基础练习】62 The underlined
6、 word“burning”in Para.3 probably means _.A.annoyed B.ashamed C.ready D.eager D我不知道发生了什么,所以在我发言后,希望知道为什么大家如此反应的原因,即eager to find out what I had done wrong。.根据逻辑关系猜测词义根据逻辑关系猜测词义 1.根据对比关系猜测词义 在一个句子或段落中,有时对两个事物或现象进行对比性的描述,我们可以根据生词的反义词来猜测其词义。英语中表示对比关系的词汇和短语主要是unlike,not,but,however,despite,in spite of,in
7、 contrast 和while 引导的并列句等。例句:Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I know.His brother,in contrast,is quite humble and modest.分分析析:该例中supercilious对许多人来说可能是个生词,但是句中短语in contrast(相对照的,相对比的)提示我们supercilious和后面词组humble and modest(谦卑又谦虚)是对比关系。分析出这种关系后,我们便能猜出supercilious意为“目空一切的,傲慢的”。2.根据类比关系猜测词义 表示类比关
8、系的词和短语主要有similarly,like,just as,also,as well等。例句:Green loves to talk,and his brothers are similarly loquacious.分分析析:该句中副词similarly表明短语loves to talk与生词loquacious之间为类比关系。以此可以推断出loquacious词义为“健谈的”。3.根据因果关系猜测词义 在句子或段落中,若两个事物、现象之间构成因果关系,我们可以根据这种逻辑关系推知生词词义。例 句:Tom is considered an autocratic administrator
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