20世纪文学ppt课件Greene.pptx
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1、Graham GreeneBornonOctober2,1904inBerkhamsted,Hertfordshire.Thefourthofsixchildren,Greenewasashyandsensitiveyouth.HedislikedsportsandwasoftentruantfromschoolinordertoreadadventurestoriesbyauthorssuchasRiderHaggardandR.M.Ballantyne.Thesenovelshadadeepinfluenceonhimandhelpedshapehiswritingstyle.Educat
2、edatBalliolCollege,Oxford,andhadanaturaltalentforwriting.In1926,heconvertedtoRomanCatholicism.GreeneadoredT.S.EliotandHerbertRead;hisanalystintroducedhimtoaliterarycircle.Afterhegraduated,heworkedasasub-editorattheTimesofLondon(1926-1930)andattheSpectators,wherehewasafilmcriticandaliteraryeditorunti
3、l1940.Besides,duringtheWWII,healsoworkedfortheBritishForeignOffice,andtheSecretIntelligenceService(SIS)senthimtoSierraLeone.HelaterworkedunderKimPhilby,afuturedefectortotheSovietUnion.Graham GreeneAmongallhisrelationshipswithwomen,theonewithCatherineWalstonwasthemostimportant.TheroleofCatherineasGre
4、enesmistressandmuse,roughlybetween1946and1957,hasbeenanopensecrettoGreenescholarsandamonghisfamilyandfriendsformanyyears.The End of the Affair(1951)waspartlybasedonthisaffair.Inreallife,GreenemetMrs.WalstonafterherconversiontoRomanCatholicism,whensheaskedhimtobehergodfather.Hewas42thenandinternation
5、allycelebratedfornovels;shewas30,andthemotherof6children.Greenewasalwaystorturedbytheaffair,andleftinhispersonalpapersafascinatingtrailofcluesastotheimportanceoftherelationshipinhislife,thoughheneverrevealedthisaffairinhisautobiographies.AsawriterGreenewasveryprolificandversatile.Manyofhisnovelsareb
6、asedonhisownexperiencesasanagentintheBritishForeignOffice.TheAsiansettingsalsostimulatedGreenesmanynovels.Hewrote5dramasandscreenplaysforseveralfilmsbasedonhisnovels.Greenesfilmreviewsarestillworthreadingandoftenbetterthanthefilmhepraisedorslashed.AlthoughGreeneknewthatsomecriticsconsideredhisnovels
7、entertainment,hisownmodelswereHenryJames,JosephConrad,andFordMadoxFord.InhispersonallibrarywasalargecollectionofJamesswork.Graham GreenePerhapstheultimatemoralistthriller-writer,Greenehadafacilityforcombingliteraryobservationwithpopulistplot,andhimselfdividedhisbooksintoseriousfictionand“entertainme
8、nts”.EvelynWaugh,alsoafamousEnglishwriter,singledoutforpraisethenewcoollycinematicqualityofhisstyle,butheisnowmostknownforasortofatheisticCatholicism.Asidefromhisexotictrips,Greenesalsoachievednotorietyinhispersonallife.GreenesfinancialsuccessasanauthorenabledhimtoliveverycomfortablyinLondon,Antibes
9、,andCapri.Towardstheendofhislife,GreenelivedinVevey,SwitzerlandwithhiscompanionYvonneCloetta.HediedtherepeacefullyonApril3,1991.Graham GreeneNovels:BrightonRock(1938),ThePowerandtheGlory(1940),TheHeartoftheMatter(1948),andTheThirdMan(1950)TheEndoftheAffair(1951),Novelssetinsitesoftopicaljournalistic
10、interest:TheQuietAmerican(1955)aprescientaccountofearlyAmericaninvolvementinVietnam;OurManinHavana(1958),setinCuba;ABurnt-OutCase(1961),intheBelgianCongojustbeforeitsindependence;TheComedians(1966),inFranoisDuvaliersHaiti;andTheCaptainandtheEnemy(1980),inPanama.PlaysTheLivingRoom(1953)andThePottingS
11、hed(1957)Major worksLiketheotherstorieswrittenbetween1929and1954,“TheBasementRoom”hingesonthethemesthatdominateGrahamGreenesnovels-fear,pityandviolence,pursuit,betrayalandmansrestlesssearchforsalvation.“TheBasementRoom”(1947)Summary(1)“TheBasementRoom”isoneofGrahamGreenesshortstories,toldfromathirdp
12、ersonnarratoraboutaseven-year-oldboyPhilipstraumaticexperienceinhischildhoodwhichinfluenceshisrestoflifetillhisdyinghourattheageofsixty-seven.PhilipLanelivedinBelgraviawithhisparents,thebutlerBainesandhiswife.Withoutnursesrestraint,Philipwalkedinthisbighouseandenjoyedhisreallife.(Inthetextheusuallyt
13、hought,“Thisislife.”)Hetookawalkonthestreet,wentwindowshopping,wenttothezoo,andtastedginger-beerandDunkeecake.Summary(2)However,whenMr.BaineshadanaffairwithEmmyandaskedPhiliptokeepthesecretforthem,Philipbeganhisnightmare.Meanwhile,Mrs.BainesalsotriedtocoaxPhiliptotellherMr.Bainesextramaritalrelation
14、s.Philipinvolvedinthisdelicateandcomplexdilemma.Intheendofthestory,Mrs.BaineswasdeadinanaccidentwhilePhilipstillwonderedwhothegirlwassixtyyearslater.TherecurringthemesoftreacheryandbetrayalinGreeneswritingstemfromhistroubledschoolyearswherehewasoftentormentedforbeingtheheadmastersson.Afterseveralsui
15、cideattempts,Greeneleftschoolonedayandwrotetohisparentsthathedidnotwishtoreturn.ThisculminatedinhisbeingsenttoatherapistinLondonatagefifteen.Hisanalyst,KennethRichmond,encouragedhimtowriteandintroducedhimtohiscircleofliteraryfriendswhichincludedthepoetWalterdelaMare.RecurringThemesAdultSecretsBaines
16、alwaysreferstotheboyasPhil,whileMrs.Baines,hiscoldandcontrollingwife,callshimMasterPhilandconstantlyremindshimthattriviallittlebehaviorsandmisstepscanbecalledtotheattentionofPhilsmother.ButthecloserelationshipalsotranspiresthatBaineshasagirlfriend,whomheexplainstoPhilashisniecewhentheboybychancesees
17、themtogether.BainesswearsPhiltosecrecy,whichisaburdentheboydoesnotappreciate.Mrs.Baineslearnsaboutthegirl,pryingthesecretoutofPhilandtheninsistingthatthisknowledgeofhersbeasecretbetweenthem.Theburdenoftheseadultsecretsandhisresponsibilitytokeepthemweighsevenmoreheavilyuponhim.CharactersPhilips paren
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