新标准大学英语综合教程4课后答案1-8单元.docx
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1、Handouts and Key to book4 unit 1-8Unit 1Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaBackground informationThis is an article by an Education Correspondent, Alexandra Blair, published inSeptember 2008 in The Times, a long-established British quality newspaper. InEurop
2、e generally, and inBritain in particular, fbr a number of years there has been a rising number of students who go to universityand therefore more new graduates seeking employment. However, fbr many graduates finding a job becameharder in 2008-2009 because the economic downturn - then a recession - m
3、eant that many employers werereducing their workforce. After their final exams, some students rested in the summer before looking for jobsand then they found that it was difficult to find employment in their field or at the level they wanted. Thearticle addresses the problems of such new graduates w
4、ho might be stuck at home and advises their parentsto be there for their children (ie to be available if their children want to talk about the problem or if theyneed help). The article recommends finding work in a bar or supermarket rather than sitting unemployedat home since this is more likely to
5、lead to better employment later. The style is partly of a report, but alsoof a humorous comment for light entertainment (seen in the jokey language and problem-solving advice toparents).Why finding a job in 2008 is so difficult for university graduates?Universities in Europe, particularly in Britain
6、, have expanded greatly in the last fifteen years (over 45% ofyoung adults now go on to higher education), so there are more graduates looking for jobs. This competitivesituation became a lot worse in 2008 onwards with the credit crunch and economic depression, which meantthat there were fewer jobs
7、available and a rise in unemployment. Thus new graduates have to be activeto seek a job, they need to fill in many application forms and try to get job interviews: they wont findemployment by lying on the sofa at home.Culture pointsTraditionally, in the British university system, BA and BSc honours
8、degrees are awarded in different categories: a first class degree (written using Roman numbers as I), a second (divided into two subcategories, written as Ilii and Ilii, which are called “a two one” and “a two two”), a third (written III) and a pass degree. Most people get a second. There are also o
9、rdinary degrees with more general courses of study without these categories.The main idea here is that there is a succession of different generations or cohorts of adults who come into the workforce in North America which are given different informal namesto characterize them. First, fctBaby boomers
10、 were born in the great increase (the boom) of births after WorldWar II (1946-1960), followed by Generation X” people (born 1960-1980) who were said to bring new attitudes of being independent, informal, entrepreneurial, and expected to get skills and have a career before them. GenerationY” or the M
11、illenial Generation” (born 1980s and 1990s and becoming adult in the new millenium) are now making up an increasing percentage of the workforce; they are said to be spoilt by doting parents, to have structured lives, to be used to teamwork and diverse people in a multicultural society. In the passag
12、e, this generation is now becoming (morphing into) Generation Grunt, which is an ironic name referring to repetitive, low status, routine or mindless work - this may be the only work available to some graduates, who may have to take very ordinary jobs to get experience before they find something mor
13、e suitable. Grunf, also refers to coarse behaviour or bad manners and to the deep sound that is made by a pig;when people grunf5 they express disgust but do not communicate with words - this may be how the parentsof new graduates think their children communicate with them!Arefers to a British type o
14、f secondary school which became popularin the 1960s. Before that there were academic grammar schools“ and more general secondary modem, schools for those who did not pass the grammar school entrance tests, but the comprehensive schools were designed for all students in a social philosophy of bringin
15、g diverse students together whether they were academic or not. Those studentswho went to a comprehensive school probably felt that had to study particularly hard (I worked my backsideoff) to get to university, compared to those who went to grammar schools where all students were academic -comprehens
16、ive students felt they had to struggle to get to university.This refers to a large yellow costume that someone wears which makes the person look like a giant chicken. Before he became a famous actor, Brad Pitt once dressed in such a costume when he had a job advertising for a restaurant called El Po
17、lio Loco (The Crazy Chicken9 in Spanish) 一 the job meant that he had to walk around the streets like a chicken to attract customers to come to the restaurant.Language points1 Those memories eat well and go to the odd party, began to fade. Until now. (Para 1) The parents paid a lot of money for their
18、 sons university fees and living expenses (so that he could eatwell) and for occasional social events - at graduation these memories of money were mostly forgottenbecause the parents were proud. But now the parents are thinking of money again because the son doesnthave a job and doesnt seem to be ac
19、tively seeking one.2 This former scion of Generation Y has morphed overnight into a member of Generation Grunt.(Para 2)The distinguished son of Generation X (of the parents generation who worked hard, got jobs, and had good careers and expected their son to do the same) has changed into a member of
20、Generation Grunt - he doesnt seem to communicate much, lies around and doesnt get a job (or can only do a low status routing job).3 I passed the exams, but at the interviews they accused me of being too detached* and talking in language that was 4 too technocratic , , which I didn t think possible,
21、but obviously it is. (Para 5) He passed the entrance exams for a government post, but he was criticized in the selection interviews:They said he was detached (not personally involved) and too technocratic (he used thelanguage of atechnical expert or high authority). As a new graduate he probably wan
22、ted to show his expertise in hislanguage so he cant understand this criticism.4 For the re6)The others who do not have a routine low status job (like stacking goods on a supermarket shelf) chill out all day (they spend their time casually relaxing - they dont look for work) and go to pub for a drink
23、 in the evening.5 I went to a comprehensive and I worked my backside off to go to a good university (Para 6)He went to a school for students of all abilities (not to a special school for academic students) and so he had to work very hard to enter a good university: Yourmeans your bottom 一the part of
24、 your body that you sit on - tois informal and it means you workvery hard indeed.6 but having worked full-time since leaving her husband find it tricky toadvise him on how to proceed. (Para 7)The mother has always had a full-time job (presumably the father is also working full-time), so she doesnot
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