2016-2017学年高中英语Unit3ComputersPeriodⅤGrammar&Writin26761.pdf
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1、Period Grammar&Writing 用所给词的适当形式填空 1This part of the seabed _(explore)many times.2Much useful information about these planets _(collect)since 1971.3Much parking space in cities _(save)by using small cars.4They say that some icebergs in the Far South _(pull)to Kuwait for drinking purposes in the futu
2、re.5These questions _(discuss)at the next meeting.6A piano concert _(give)here last Friday.7Can the magazine _(take)out of the library?8Planes,cars and trains _(use)by business people for travelling.9The bike _(put)here,its dangerous.10Vegetables,eggs and fruits _(sell)in this shop.现在完成时的被动语态 现在完成时的
3、被动语态表示到现在为止某事已经被完成或被做。这种语法项目既要表示现在已经完成又要表示被动的含义,因此很多同学在具体运用当中容易顾此失彼,难以把握。运用现在完成时的被动语态时应掌握以下几个问题:1构成 现在完成时的被动语态的构成为:主语have/has been 过去分词其他。2各种句式的变化 下面以动词 invite 为例,列表说明现在完成时的被动语态的句式变化:肯定句 否定句 I have been invited.He/She has been invited.We/You/They have been invited.I have not been invited.He/She has
4、not been invited.We/You/They have not been invited.疑问句 简略回答 肯定回答 否定回答 一般疑问句:Have I been invited?Has he/she been invited?Have we/you/they been invited?特殊疑问句:Who has been invited?Why have I been invited?When has he/she been invited?Where have we/you/they been invited?Yes,I have.Yes,he/she has.Yes,we/y
5、ou/they have.No,I havent.No,he/she hasnt.No,we/you/they havent.3.使用的场合(1)表示一个被动的动作发生在说话之前,强调对现在造成的影响或结果。Thousands of man made satellites have_been_sent_up_into_space by many countries.许多国家已经发射了成千的人造卫星到太空中去。(2)表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,持续到现在,并可能持续下去,常与 for 或since 引导的时间状语连用,或用于“How long.?”句型中。The important pr
6、oblem has_been_discussed for nearly two weeks.那个重要的问题已经被讨论近两个星期了。How long has the machine been_used?这台机器使用多久了?More than ten bridges have_been_built over the river in this city since it set up a new economic zone.自从这个城市建立了一个新经济开发区以来,这条河上已经建了十多座桥了。4现在完成时的被动语态应注意的几个问题(1)现在完成时的被动语态的两个助动词,即 have/has 和 be
7、en,两者缺一不可。(2)现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系,而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在的情况有联系。The bridge was_built last year.这座桥是去年建成的。The bridge has_been_built.这座桥已经建好了。(3)一些特殊动词,如:borrow,finish,begin,buy,start,return,marry,open,join 等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思,则须改换动词或时态。这本书买了多长时间了?【误】How
8、long has this book been bought?【正】How long ago was this book bought?但这类动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程,具有延续性,因而可与 since 或 for 构成的时间状语连用。No books have been bought since last week.自上周以来,没有人来买书。1Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the moneymaking jobs they_before leaving their hometowns.(2010福建,28)Ap
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