8上册unit3-unit4比较级使用注意事项.ppt
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1、 形容词和副词形容词和副词Grammar Focus1、The flowers are very _.(beautiful)2、The girls are sitting there _.(quiet)3、Theyre talking very _.(loud)4、We can get there _.(easy)5、The problems are _.(easy)6、Theyre living a _ life.(happy)7、Eating too much meat is _.(bad)8、He plays the piano _.(bad)9、They have new _(brig
2、ht)classroom.10、The sun is shining _.(bright)形容词,副词的比较级和最高级。形容词,副词的比较级和最高级。大多数形容词和副词有三个等级:原级、比较级、最高级。大多数形容词和副词有三个等级:原级、比较级、最高级。一、构成一、构成1.1.构成的不规则变化构成的不规则变化:eg.good/well better best ill/bad/badly worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/farthest further/furthest(更进一步)更进一步)oldolde
3、r/oldest -elder/eldest(年长的年长的)2.构成的规则变化构成的规则变化:1)单音节词和少数双音节词单音节词和少数双音节词 一般在词尾后加一般在词尾后加-er 或或-est.如:如:cold colder coldest nice nicer nicest clever-cleverer-cleverest2)重读闭音节词末尾只有一个辅音字母重读闭音节词末尾只有一个辅音字母时时,先双写这个辅音字母先双写这个辅音字母,再加再加-er或或-est。如如:big bigger biggest thin thinner thinnest 3)以以“辅音字母辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节
4、词,结尾的双音节词,先改先改y为为i,再加再加-er或或-est。如:。如:easy easier easiest happy happier happiest dirty-dirtier-dirtiest funny-funnier-funniest early-earlier-earliest healthy-healthier-healthiest friendly-friendlier-friendliest -more friendly-most friendly 4)多音节词和部分双音节词在词多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加前加more或或most。如:。如:delicious mo
5、re delicious most delicious interesting more interesting most interesting popular-more popular -most popular二二、原级用法、原级用法1.A+谓语谓语+as+原级原级+as+B。(A=B)“A和和B一样一样”A+谓语谓语+not+as/so+原级原级+as+B (AB)eg.I am taller than Tom.My dress is more beautiful than hers.2.much,far,even,still,a lot;a bit,a little;no,any 修
6、饰比较级修饰比较级 She is no richer than me.=She is as rich as me.3.选择疑问句,选择疑问句,A or B?Which do you like better,coffee or tea?4.the+比较级比较级+of the two eg.Tina is the taller of the twins.5.比较级比较级 and 比较级(单音节词或部分双音节比较级(单音节词或部分双音节词)词)“越来越越来越”eg.Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.more and more+多音节词或双音节
7、词多音节词或双音节词 eg.Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.6.the+比较级比较级+从句,从句,the+比较级比较级+从句从句 “越越,越,越”eg.The harder you study,the better grades you get.四、四、最高级用法(最高级用法(表示表示三者或三者以上三者或三者以上(人或人或事物事物)的比较的比较,其中有一个在某其中有一个在某一方面超过一方面超过其他其他几个几个时时,用最高级)。用最高级)。1.最高级的最高级的前面一般要加定冠词前面一般要加定冠词 the,2.主语主语+谓语谓语+最高
8、级最高级+of/among+类别的词语类别的词语 主语主语+谓语谓语+最高级最高级+in+范围的词语范围的词语 eg.He is the tallest of the boys in our class.3.much,by far,the+序数词序数词,修饰最高级修饰最高级 eg.Huanghe is the second longest river in China.4.one of+the+最高级最高级+名词复数名词复数 “最之一”eg.Paris is one of the biggest cities in the world.5.选择疑问句,选择疑问句,A,B or C?一、忌不同类
9、事物进行比较。一、忌不同类事物进行比较。他的电脑比我的便宜。他的电脑比我的便宜。误:误:His computer is cheaper than I.正:正:His computer is cheaper than mine.析:在比较级的句子中,相比较的双方必析:在比较级的句子中,相比较的双方必须是同类事物,否则会造成歧义。这里须是同类事物,否则会造成歧义。这里mine=my computer。误:误:The population of China is larger than India.正:正:The population of China is larger than that(=th
10、e population)of India.中国的人口比印度的人口多。中国的人口比印度的人口多。误:误:The students of Class Two study harder than Class One.正:正:The students of Class Two study harder than those of Class One.二班的学生比一班的学生读书用功。二班的学生比一班的学生读书用功。误:误:In winter it is colder in Beijing than Shanghai.正:正:In winter,it is colder in Beijing than
11、in Shanghai.冬天北京比上海冷。冬天北京比上海冷。二、忌自己与自己进行比较。二、忌自己与自己进行比较。1.比尔比他班上的其他男孩都高。比尔比他班上的其他男孩都高。误:误:Bill is taller than any boy in his class.正:正:Bill is taller than any other boy in his class.正:正:Bill is taller than the other boys in his class.析:在比较级的句子中,同一类人或物在同一析:在比较级的句子中,同一类人或物在同一范围内进行比较,要把自己排除在比较范围之范围内进行比
12、较,要把自己排除在比较范围之外。外。2.玛丽歌唱得比班里的任何一个男孩都好。玛丽歌唱得比班里的任何一个男孩都好。误:误:Mary sings better than any other boy in her class.正:正:Mary sings better than any boy in her class.析:在比较级的句子中,主语和范围之外的人析:在比较级的句子中,主语和范围之外的人或事进行比较时用或事进行比较时用any+单数名词单数名词。又如:。又如:Shanghai is larger than any city in Japan.(上海比日本的任何一个城市都要大。)(上海比日本
13、的任何一个城市都要大。)但是:但是:Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.(上海比中国任何一个其他城市都大。)(上海比中国任何一个其他城市都大。)三、忌错用修饰词。三、忌错用修饰词。吉姆比他妹妹大得多。吉姆比他妹妹大得多。误:误:Jim is very older than his sister.正:正:Jim is much older than his sister.析:比较级前面常用析:比较级前面常用much,a little,far,even(更),(更),a lot,still(更)等副词来修饰,表(更)等副词来修饰,表示程度
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