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1、英语时态英语时态(一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时)Grammar194620172020The PastThe PastED时代过去某个时间发生的动作或者存在的状态Will时代将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态The PresentThe PresentThe futureThe futureVerb时代真理;主语的状态、特征,经常或反复发生的动作Verb Tenses Verb Tenses The moon moves round the earth.Do you like smoking?你我和大家,(You,I and they)动词不变化。(the Verb stays)The S
2、imple Present TenseThe Simple Present Tense单数三人称,(if only one)带个小尾巴。(”S”to the end)一、一般现在时一、一般现在时(simple present tense)1.形式形式一般现在时通常用动词原形来表示。be动词用am、is、are。主语是第三人称单数时动词的变化规律:一般动词后加-s;以s、x、ch、sh结尾,加-es;以辅音字母加o结尾,一般加-es;辅音字母加y结尾,变y为i加-es。2用法用法a.表示经常发生的动作或现阶段的习惯性行为,常与时间状语often,usually,always,everyday,s
3、ometimes,seldom,never等连用。Ineverdomyhomeworkintheevening.Sometimesweplayfootballontheplayground.Heseldomlistenstomusic.b.表示现在的事实或状态。Chinaisadevelopingcountry.IlikeEnglishverymuch.c.表示格言,科学事实和客观真理。Pridegoes beforeafall.骄者必败。Allthings aredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.凡事总是由难而易。ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.
4、上海位于中国东部。Theteacher toldusyesterdaythatDecember25 isChristmasDay.3.句式句式肯定否定疑问回答Helikeseggs.Hedoesntlikeeggs.Doeshelikeeggs?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesnt.Iwantanapple.Idontwantanapple.Doyouwantanapple?Yes,Ido./No,Idont.4.做题时常见错误如下:一、be动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中例:We are plant the trees in spring.二、单三人称形式易出错例:1.He play
5、 football very well.2.Danny goes(go)to school at 7:10.三、在句式变换时易出错例:1.Does Jenny has a good friend?2.Brian doesnt lives in China.四、对do的理解易出错例:We not do our homework in the afternoon.五、对主语的数判断有误例:Li Ming with me are in Beijing.另外,宾语从句中,从句部分若是表示客观真理,不管主句是何时态,从句都要用一般现在时;在时间和条件状语从句中,主句表将来,从句要用一般现在时。1.Mar
6、y_ the piano well.She is often asked to play at the concert.A.play B.plays C.playing D.played2.My mother will take me to the movie if she _ free this weekend.A.is B.will be C.was D.would be3.The girls will have a trip if it _fine.A.is B.was C.will be D.has been4.Hell send us a message as soon as he
7、_ in Sichuan.A.is arriving B.will arrive C.arrived D.arrives5.What do you do?Im an engineer.I _ in a company in Wuhan.I like my job very much.A.work B.had worked C.will work D.worked6.Is your father a doctor?Yes,he is.He_ in Town Hospital.A.has worked B.had worked C.works D.worked7.Every year many f
8、oreigners _to China to learn Chinese.A.have come B.comes C.came D.comeThe Simple Past TenseThe Simple Past TenseGongming lived in Han Dynasty.时间一过去,时间一过去,结尾加结尾加ed;尾巴有个尾巴有个e,只要添个只要添个d;重闭单辅音,重闭单辅音,双写再双写再ed;辅音辅音y结尾,结尾,变为变为-ied。一般过去时一般过去时(simple past tense)1概念概念一般过去时表示过去某一时刻,某一段时间发生的动作或存在的状态。一般过去时用动词的过去
9、式表示。2构成构成 一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。be的过去式有was,were两种;have的过去式是had;规则动词的过去式在动词词尾加-ed,具体构成规则如下:1)一般情况,动词后加ed,例词work-worked,clean-cleaned,play-played,wash-washed2)以不发音的e结尾,-d,例词live-lived,move-moved,hope-hoped,arrive-arrived3)以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为 i再加-ed,例词study-studied,carry-carried,cry-cried,identify-identified4)以辅音字母
10、结尾的重读闭音节,双写最后一个辅音字母加-ed,例词plan-plannedstop-stopped,beg-begged,grab-grabbed3用法用法(1)表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态。如:Hewentshoppingwithhisfriendslastweek.Theyarrivedtenminutesago.Hebecameahotelmanagertenyearsago.Didyougototheconcertlastnight?(2)表示在过去经常发生的动作或习惯动作。如:Hevisitedhisgrandparentsonceamonthlastyear.Sheusual
11、lywenttoworkbycarlastyear.WhenIwasatschool,Ialwayswenttoschoolbybus.4.如何识别如何识别一般过去时常见的标志词有:1).yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday.2).lastweek/year/month/term(简称last系列)3).twohoursago,threeyearsago,amomentago(简称ago系列)4).in/on+过去的年/月/日,如in1999,onApril,20055).justnow,onceuponatime,oneday5.易错点例析:(1)Yourphone
12、numberagain?I_quitecatchit.Its4331577A.didntB.couldntC.dontD.cant(2)Mr.Smithisntcomingtonight.Buthe_.A.promisesB.promisedC.willpromiseD.hadpromised(3)Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing!Oh,Imterriblysorry._.A.ImnotnoticingB.IwasntnoticingC.IhaventnoticedD.Idontnotice(4)Ohitsyou!I_you.Ivehadmyhaircut.A.didntrea
13、lizeB.haventrealizedC.didntrecognizeD.dontrecognized(5)Itstwelveoclock,IthinkImustbeoffnow.Oh,really?I_itatall.A.dontrealizeB.haventrealizedC.didntrealizeD.hadntrealized1.He went into his room,_ the light and began to work.A.has turned onB.will turn onC.turns onD.turned on2.Whats the best food have
14、you had in Beijing,Alex?Roast duck!I _to a famous restaurant to have it last week.A.have gone B.go C.will go D.went3.Do you know how many gold medals the 23-year-old Michael Phelps _at the 2008 Summer Olympic Games?Eight.A.win B.wins C.won D.has won4.We were in Qingdao last week and _ great fun ther
15、e.A.will have B.have had C.had D.have5.What did you do after school yesterday?I _basketball with my friends.A.play B.played C.will play D.am playing6.-Hi,Kate.You look tired.Whats the matter?-I _well last night.A.didnt sleep B.dont sleep C.havent slept D.wont sleep7.Yesterday,Tonys family _ a good t
16、ime.A.has B.have C.had 8.Im sorry youve missed the train.It _10 minutes ago.A.left B.has left C.had left9.MrGreen,_you_ThreeLanesandAlleys(三坊七巷)lastSunday?No,butIllvisitthemnextweek.A.will;gotoB.have;beentoC.did;gotoD.have;goneto10.Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow?He_usnottoplaycomputergamesallday.A.tell
17、sB.toldC.hastoldD.istold11.Inventorshavechangedthewaywelive.Sotheyarefamousforthegreatthingsthey_.A.doB.didC.aredoingD.haddone12.WheresthecakeImadethismorning?We_it,mum.Canyoumakeanotheroneforus?A.ateB.eatC.willitD.wereeating13.Haveyoumendedyourshoes,Bob?Yes,I_themtwentyminutesagoAhavemendedBmendCha
18、dmendedDmended14.TheofficewasbrokeninlastnightSomeonethinksyoudiditButI_thewholenightwithmybestfriend,JohnAspendBamspendingCspentDhadspentThe Simple Future TenseThe Simple Future TenseWe will go to the Mars in the future.They are going to come true.遥远的未来遥远的未来不久的明天不久的明天一般将来时(一般将来时(the future tense)用法
19、:用法:表示将来某一时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。Iamgoingto/willwatchafootballmatchthisevening.形式:形式:(1)“begoingto/助动词will/beto+动词原形”,主语是I、we时,助动词也可用shall.begoingtodo表示根据计划或安排将要做某事,也可表示根据目前情况判断很有可能但不是注定会发生某事;will/shalldo表示根据计划或安排将要做某事,也可以表示不以人的意志为转移的客观规律,betodo表示根据计划或安排将要做某事,也可以表示征求对方意见,还可以表示必要性或可能性。Eg.Hewi
20、llgotohishometownnextweek.Theyaregoingtomeetoutsidetheschoolgate.(2)come,go,start,move,sail,leave等非延续性动词常用进行时表示按计划将要发生的事。Eg.Thewholefamilyisgoingfortwoweeks.全家要去两个星期。Mysisteriscomingtoseeme.Shellbeheresoon.(3)在时间或条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。Eg.Illgotoseeyouifitdoesntraintomorrow.常用的时间状语:常用的时间状语:tomorrow,
21、thedayaftertomorrow,nexttime,“in+一般时间”,fromnowon,later(on),soon等。1.I_tothebookshopassoonasschoolisoverthisafternoon.A.willgoB.havegoneC.goD.went2.When_forHongKong,doyouknow?Imnotsure.Whenhe_,Illletyouknow.A.heleaves;leavesB.willheleave;willleaveC.heleaves;willleaveD.willheleave;leaves3.Wherewillthey
22、gonextSunday?They_totheGreatWall.A.willgoB.goC.hasgoneD.went4.I_theCDstoyouifIhavetimetomorrow.A.willreturnB.returnedC.havereturnedD.return5.Frank_afilmifhesfreenextSaturday.A.seeB.sawC.hasseenD.willsee6.Iwanttoknow_thedayaftertomorrow.A.whathewilldoB.whatwillhedoC.whathedidD.whatdidhedo7.Hasheretur
23、nedthelibrarybookyet?Notyet.Dontworry.He_itsoon.A.returnedB.hasreturnedC.willreturnD.returns8.Lookatthenoisykids!Haventyouheardthesaying“Whenthecatisaway,themice_.”?A.playB.playedC.areplayingD.willplay9.Hedoesnttellmewhenhe_.Illcallyouupassoonashe_.A.willcome,arrivesB.comes,arrivesC.willcome,willarrive10.Ifit_tomorrow,we_traveloutside.A.willrain;willB.rains;wontC.willrain;wont11.Jim,canyouhelpmetowashthedishes?Sorry,Dad.I_totheshop.A.goB.wentC.amgoingD.havebeen12.Ihearthathewillbeback_twoweekstime.A.atB.inC.afterD.for
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