工程方法_6sigma_09工序能力分析精编版.pptx
《工程方法_6sigma_09工序能力分析精编版.pptx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《工程方法_6sigma_09工序能力分析精编版.pptx(94页珍藏版)》请在得力文库 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、Capability Analysis过程能力分析程能力分析1MPT Confidential测量阶段流程图流程图流程图(Process mapping)C&E矩阵初步分析可能因子矩阵初步分析可能因子FMEA进一步分析可能因子进一步分析可能因子测量系统定义测量系统定义,MSAY 的稳定性判定的稳定性判定,过程能力分析过程能力分析二次二次FMEA可能因子总结可能因子总结分析阶段分析阶段定义阶段定义阶段鱼骨图鱼骨图(Fishbone)2MPT ConfidentialLearning ObjectivesLearning Objectives学学学学习习目的目的目的目的1.Process Cont
2、rol vs Process Capability 2.过程控制和过程能力3.Process Capability过程能力:Specification,Process and Control Limits.规格,过程和控制界限Process Potential vs Process Performance过程潜在的和实际的表现4.Short-Term vs Long-Term Process Capability5.短期和长期过程能力6.“Six Sigma”Quality;“6Sigma”水平;7.Introduction to Z-score Z-值介绍8.Process Capabili
3、ty for Non-Normal Data非正态分布的过程能力Cycle-Time(Exponential Distribution)循环时间(指数分布)Reject Rate(Binomial Distribution)不合格(剔除)率(二项式分布)Defect Rate(Poisson Distribution)缺陷率缺陷率(泊松分布泊松分布)3MPT ConfidentialProcess Control vs Process CapabilityProcess Control vs Process Capability过过程程程程控制和控制和控制和控制和过过程能力程能力程能力程能力1
4、.Process Control过程控制程控制Means the process is operating in statistical control,mon causes are the only source of variation.意味是过程在稳定状态下生产,也就是说,一般原因(偶然原因)是变异的唯一原因Refers to“voice of the process”,i.e.one only needs data from the process to determine if a process is in control.起源于”过程的声音”,也就是说,唯一来源于过程的数据来判定
5、过程是否受控.Track performance of the process to verify if it forms a stable distribution over time,typically with a control chart with control limits computed from the process data only.随着时间过去,反馈过程的表现来验证它是否来自于一个稳定的分布,一般地,利用从过程数据计算控制界限的控制图来完成.Just because a process is in control does not necessarily mean
6、it is a good process.仅仅因为过程受控并不一定说它是个好过程.4MPT Confidential2.Process Capability过过程能力程能力The“goodness”of a process is measured by process capability过程的“好坏”是过程能力测量的Compares“voice of the process”with“voice of the customer”,which is given in terms of specs.or requirements比较“过程声音”和“客户声音”,哪一个是根据规格或需要给出的?Mea
7、sures how well a stable distribution(process in control)matches up with customers specs.测量一个稳定的分布(过程受控)符合客户规格的程度.Process Control vs Process Capability过程控制和过程能力过程控制和过程能力首先判定过程稳定首先判定过程稳定,确定数据分布是正态的确定数据分布是正态的,再计算过程能力和西格码质量水平再计算过程能力和西格码质量水平.5MPT ConfidentialWhat is Capability 过程能力是.When process is under
8、 control,capability is decided by customer demand and process performance(Product or service quality shifting degree).The more the process meets the customer need,the better the capability will be.过程在受控状态下时,客户要求与过程表现(产品品质或服务的品质变动程度)的比值,如果过程表现越能满足客户要求,则过程能力越充分,反之则不足.6MPT ConfidentialProcess Capabilit
9、yProcess Capability过过程能力程能力程能力程能力Process Capability studies can过程能力研究可以:indicate the consistency of the process output显示过程输出的稳定性indicate the degree to which the output meets specifications表明输出满足规格的程度be used for comparison with another process or competitor可以与另一过程或竟争对手相比较7MPT ConfidentialProcess Vari
10、ationProcess Variation过过程程程程变变异异异异Process Variation is the inevitable differences among individual measurements or units produced by a process.过程变异是不可避免的差别在单个测量或过程生产单位之间.Sources of Variation变异的来源:within unit 产品内 (positional variation)位置的变异 between units 单位之间 (unit-unit variation)产品-产品的变异 between lot
11、s 产品批之间 (lot-lot variation)批批的变异 between lines 生产线之间(line-line variation)线-线之间的变异 across time 不同时间 (time-time variation)时间-时间的变异 measurement error 测量误差(repeatability&reproducibility)重复性和再现性8MPT ConfidentialTypes of VariationTypes of Variation变变异的异的异的异的类类型型型型1.Positional Variation位置变异Same process,var
12、iation at differing locations simultaneously:相同的过程,随不同位置而产生的变异Temperature variations inside a thermal chamber温度变异在一个烘箱中Cavity-to-cavity variations in an injection mold洞坑差别在一个注塑模中2.Cyclical Variation重复误差Sequential repetitions of a process over fairly short time,say,less than 15 mins:在一定短的时间内某过程的连续重复,
13、比方说,少于15分钟:Variations between consecutive batches of a process同一过程的连续批次之间的变异Differences from lot to lot of raw materials不同批次原材料之间的差别3.Temporal Variation时间的变异Variations over longer periods of time,such a several hours,days or weeks.长期的变异,例如几个小时,几天或几个星期.9MPT ConfidentialInherent or Natural Variation固有
14、或自然的变异Due to the cumulative effect of many small unavoidable causes归因于许多小的,不可避免的因素共同的结果A process operating with only chance causes of variation present is said to be“in statistical control”如果一个过程运行时只存在固有原因变异的作用,就说它处在“统计控制状态”.Types of Variation变异的类型变异的类型一般原因一般原因10MPT ConfidentialSpecial or Assignable
15、 Variation特殊的可特殊的可查明的明的变异异May be due to可能归因与:a)improperly adjusted machine 不正确的调机 b)operator error 员工错误 c)defective raw material 有缺陷的原材料A process operating in the presence of assignable causes of variation is said to be“out-of-control”.如果一个过程运行时存在可指出原因变异,则称该过程“失控Types of Variation变异的类型变异的类型异常原因异常原因1
16、1MPT ConfidentialProcess Capability vs Specification LimitsProcess Capability vs Specification Limits过程能力和规格界限过程能力和规格界限a)b)c)a)Process is highly capableb)Process is marginally capablec)Process is not capablea)过程能力高b)过程能力一般c)过程能力差12MPT ConfidentialThree Types of LimitsThree Types of Limits三种类型的界限三种类型
17、的界限Specification Limits (LSL and USL)created by design engineering in response to customer requirements to specify the tolerance for a products characteristicProcess Limits (LPL and UPL)measures the variation of a processthe natural 6 limits of the measured characteristicControl Limits (LCL and UCL)
18、measures the variation of a sample statistic(mean,variance,proportion,etc)规格界限(LSL and USL)由设计工程部门根据客户要求确定的产品性能公差。过程界限(LPL and UPL)用来测量过程的变异为所测量特性的自然公差(六倍标准差(6)界限控制界限(LCL and UCL)用来测量样本统计量的变异(均值,方差比例等)13MPT ConfidentialDistribution ofIndividual Values(x)Distribution ofSample Averages(x)Three Types o
19、f Limits三种类型的界限单值分布样本均值分布14MPT ConfidentialProcess Capability IndicesProcess Capability Indices过过程能力指数程能力指数程能力指数程能力指数Two measures of process capability:过程能力的两种测量Process Potential过程潜力CpProcess Performance过程表现CpuCplCpk15MPT ConfidentialProcess PotentialProcess Potential过程潜力过程潜力The Cp index assesses wh
20、ether the natural tolerance(6)of a process is within the specification limits.工序能力指数Cp用以评价是否一个过程的自然公差(6)处于规格界限以内.16MPT ConfidentialTraditionally,a Cp of 1.0 indicates that a process is judged to be“capable”.if the process is centered within its engineering tolerance,0.27%of parts produced will be be
21、yond specification limits.Cp Reject Rate1.000.270%1.330.007%1.506.8 ppm2.002.0 ppbProcess Potential过程潜力一般地:Cp等于1.0代表该过程被判断为有能力的.-比如,如果过程中心与规格中心重合,此时该过程有0.27%的产品出现在规格以外.供参考供参考17MPT Confidentiala)b)c)a)Process is highly capable(Cp2)b)Process is capable(Cp=1 to 2)c)Process is not capable(Cp2)b)过程能力尚可(C
22、p=1 to 2)c)过程能力差(Cp1.5)b)Process is capable(Cpk=1 to 1.5)c)Process is not capable(Cpk1)a)Cp=2Cpk=2b)Cp=2Cpk=1c)Cp=2Cpk 1.5)b)过程绩效 一般(Cpk=1 to 1.5)c)过程绩效差(Cpk1)22MPT ConfidentialExample 1Example 1例例例例1 1Specification Limits规格界限:4 to 16 gMachine机器Mean平均值Std Dev标准偏差(a)10 4(b)10 2(c)7 2(d)13 1Determine
23、the corresponding Cp and Cpk for each machine.计算每一台机器相应的Cp and Cpk 23MPT ConfidentialExample 1AExample 1A24MPT ConfidentialExample 1BExample 1B25MPT ConfidentialExample 1CExample 1C26MPT ConfidentialExample 1DExample 1D27MPT ConfidentialProcess CapabilityProcess Capability过过程能力程能力程能力程能力For a normall
24、y distributed characteristic,the defective rate F(x)may be estimated via the following:对于服从正态分布的特性,缺陷率F(x)可以通过下式求得For characteristics with only one specification limit:对于只存在单边规格的特性,缺陷率计算如下:a)LSL onlyb)USL onlyLSLUSL28MPT ConfidentialExample 2Example 2例例例例2 2Specification Limits规格界限:4 to 16 gMachine机
25、器Mean平均值Std Dev标准偏差(a)10 4(b)10 2(c)7 2(d)13 1Determine the defective rate for each machine.试计算每一机器的不合格品率29MPT ConfidentialExample 2Example 2Mean Std Dev ZLSL ZUSL F(xUSL)F(x)10 4 -1.51.5 66,807 66,807133,614 10 2 -3.03.0 1,350 1,350 2,700 7 2 -1.54.5 66,807 3 66,811 13 1 -9.03.0 0 1,350 1,350Lower
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 工程 方法 _6sigma_09 工序 能力 分析 精编
限制150内