unit4语法定语从句(教育精.ppt
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1、1.Hehasjustarrived,buthetalksasifhe_allaboutthat.A.knowB.knowsC.knownD.knew2.Icantstandhim.Healwaystalksasthoughhe_everything.A.knewB.knowsC.hasknownD.hadknown3.Thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey_friendsforyears.A.wereB.wouldbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen4.Itseemsasifit_rain.A.willB.isgoingtoC.istoD.weregoingto5.
2、Tooursurprise,Garywasbehaving_nothinghadhappened.A.asthoughB.evenifC.thatifD.eventhough6.The man opened his eyes andmoved his lips as if_ _that he hadsomething to tell the the doctor.A.sayingB.havingsaidC.tosayD.tohavesaid定语从句AttributeClause 必修一Attribute(定语定语)1.He is an honest boy.2.We love our coun
3、try.3.Whats your telephone number?4.She is a beautiful girl.修饰;限定修饰;限定honestourtelephone找出下列句中的定语。找出下列句中的定语。beautifulyour The positions of the attribute:(定语的位置)(定语的位置)1.She is a beautiful girl.2.She is a girl with long hair.3.She is a girl who is beautiful.通常情况下,通常情况下,单个词单个词作定语时要放作定语时要放于被修饰词的于被修饰词的前
4、面前面,短语或从句短语或从句作作定语时要放于被修饰词的定语时要放于被修饰词的后面后面。在复合句中,修饰或限定某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句(句意:“的”)被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词 ”。引导定语从句的词叫“关系词 ”。He is an English teacher who likes singing songs.定语从句定语从句先行词先行词关系代词关系代词关系词关系词关系副词关系副词:where when why定语从句定语从句关系代词:关系代词:who、whom、that、which、whose关系词的三个作用作定语从句的一个句子成分。起着连接主句和从句的作用。代指被修饰的
5、先行词。Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorseriouslyinjuredreachedmorethan400,000.确定关系代词的步骤1.先找先行词。2.看先行词指的是人还是物。3.看关系词在从句中充当的成分。who二、关系代词引导的定语从句二、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在从句中所作的成分指代例句who主语,宾语(作宾语时可省略)指人(1)A friend who helps you in time of need is a real friend.(主语)(2)I know the boy(who)you are looking for.(宾语)whom
6、宾语,常省略指人(1)The boy(whom)the teacher often praises is their monitor.(宾语)(2)I know the boy(who/whom)you are looking for.(宾语)二、关系代词引导的定语从句二、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在从句中所作的成分指代例句that主语,宾语指物(1)A letter that is written in pencil is difficult to read.(主语)(2)The trees(that)we planted grow well.(宾语)指人(1)The passenger
7、s that were injured were sent to the nearest hospital.(主语)(2)The doctor(that)we sent for arrived very soon.(宾语)关系代词在从句中所做的成分指代例句which主语、宾语(作宾语时可省略)指物(1)People will never forget the accident which happened here last year.(主语)(2)The letter(which)I received yesterday was from my sister.(宾语)二、关系代词引导的定语从
8、句二、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在从句中的成分指代例句whose定语指人The girl whose work got the prize is the youngest in the class.(定语)指物At last we chose a room whose window faced south.(定语)二、关系代词引导的定语从句二、关系代词引导的定语从句例例 1.The man _ gave you the talk yesterday is our teacher.that/who指人:that/who(主语)例2:The boy_ the nurse is looking
9、after is my friend.(who/whom/that)指人:who/whom/that(宾语,可省略)例3:The car_ is red was damaged yesterday.that/which指物:that/which(主语)例4:The question_ I dont understand is about grammar.(that/which)指物:that/which(宾语,可省略)例例5 The book _cover is red is mine.A.which B.whose C.of which D.thatB关系代词表示先行词的所属关系,指人和关系
10、代词表示先行词的所属关系,指人和物时都用物时都用whose,whose,可理解为可理解为“的的”whose+n.=the n.+of which/whom=of whose+n.=the n.+of which/whom=of which/whom the n.which/whom the n.1.The nurse is kind.2.The nurse looks after my sister.The nurse who/that looks after my sister is kind.照顾我妹妹的照顾我妹妹的那个护士很友善。那个护士很友善。合并下列句子照顾我妹妹的照顾我妹妹的1.T
11、he girl is from America.2.I called her just now.The girl(whom/that/who)I called just now is from America.我刚才叫的我刚才叫的那个女孩来自美国。那个女孩来自美国。我刚才叫的我刚才叫的1.He is reading a book.2.Its name is Gone with the Wind.He is reading a book whose name is Gone with the Wind.他正在看一本名叫他正在看一本名叫飘飘的书。的书。名叫名叫飘飘的的关系代词的选用关系代词的选用指
12、物时必须用指物时必须用that而不用而不用which的情况:的情况:(1)先先行行词词是是all,everything,anything,nothing,something,much,little,few,none,the one等等不不定定代代词或先行词被这些词修饰时。词或先行词被这些词修饰时。We should hand in all that we have.(2)先先行行词词前前面面有有all,every,no,some,any,little,much,few,none,the only,the very,the same,the last以及序数词、形容词最高级等修饰词时。以及序数词
13、、形容词最高级等修饰词时。This is the only thing that we can do.Its the best film that has been made by Zhang Yimou.It is the first one that he wanted.(3)先先行行词词是是两两个个或或两两个个以以上上分分别别表表示示人人和和物物的的并列名词或词组时。并列名词或词组时。We talked about the things and persons that we saw and met during the trip.(4)主句是以主句是以who,which开头的疑问句时。
14、开头的疑问句时。Who is the man that told you the news?Who is the man that you spoke to?Which is the cap that you have decided to buy?只用只用which,who,whom的情况的情况(1)在在非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句中中,只只能能用用which指指代代物物,用用who/whom指代人指代人He has a son,who has gone abroad for further study.(2)在在由由“介介词词+关关系系代代词词”引引导导的的定定语语从从句句中中,只只能
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