美国存在的社会问题.pptx
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1、会计学 1美国存在的社会问题Social Problems in the United States Social Problems in the United StatesRacial Problems Racial Problems Poverty PovertyCrime CrimeThe Abuse of Power by Government and Corporations The Abuse of Power by Government and CorporationsDrug Abuse Drug Abuse第1 页/共23 页I.Racial Problems第2 页/共23
2、 页-Americans are primarily a nation of immigrantsn n-1.some as refugees from religious and political-1.some as refugees from religious and political persecution persecution(逃避宗教和政治迫害的难民 逃避宗教和政治迫害的难民)n n-2.some as adventurers from the Old World seeking a-2.some as adventurers from the Old World seeki
3、ng a better life better life(从旧大陆来寻求好生活的冒险家 从旧大陆来寻求好生活的冒险家)n n-3.some as captives brought to American against their-3.some as captives brought to American against their own will to be sold into slavery own will to be sold into slavery(有一些则是被抓获后违(有一些则是被抓获后违背他们的意愿运到美国,被出卖为奴隶)背他们的意愿运到美国,被出卖为奴隶)n n-4.so
4、me fleeing a hopeless economic situation or-4.some fleeing a hopeless economic situation or natural disaster natural disastern n-5.some wanting greater educational opportunities-5.some wanting greater educational opportunities 第3 页/共23 页n n Though people all share a common American culture,the natio
5、n contains many racial and ethnic subcultures with their own distinctive characteristics.(虽然人们有共同的美国文化,虽然人们有共同的美国文化,但美利坚民族包含了许多种族和少数民族的亚文化 但美利坚民族包含了许多种族和少数民族的亚文化群 群)。n n These differences have contributed to racial conflicts that have been a persistent social problem to American society.(这些差异造成了在美国(
6、这些差异造成了在美国社会长期存在的种族冲突)社会长期存在的种族冲突)第4 页/共23 页Racial Problemsn n The United States was founded on the principle of human equality,but in practice the nation has fallen far short of that ideal.n n Racial tension Particularly since the civil rights demonstrations,ghetto riots,and Particularly since the
7、civil rights demonstrations,ghetto riots,and other unrest in the 1960s,race and ethnic relations have been a major other unrest in the 1960s,race and ethnic relations have been a major preoccupation of social scientists,politicians and the general public.preoccupation of social scientists,politician
8、s and the general public.第5 页/共23 页discrimination against blacks:n n In American society,any group other than the dominant white Anglo-In American society,any group other than the dominant white Anglo-Saxon Protestant majority is a Saxon Protestant majority is a minority minority group.group.n n The
9、 second largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the U.S.is the The second largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the U.S.is the blacks,after Hispanics,who make up about 11.7%of the population.blacks,after Hispanics,who make up about 11.7%of the population.Their history in the U.S.has
10、been one of sustained oppression,Their history in the U.S.has been one of sustained oppression,discrimination,and denial of basic civil rights and liberties discrimination,and denial of basic civil rights and liberties.(.(他们在美国不断 他们在美国不断经受着压迫、歧视,被剥夺了最基本的民权和自由 经受着压迫、歧视,被剥夺了最基本的民权和自由)第6 页/共23 页美国黑人n n
11、 Afro-Americann n African Americann n Negron n Black第7 页/共23 页-the black“underclass”(“最低层”黑人)n n-The Northern states had all outlawed(废除 废除)slavery by 1830,but in the Southern states,it was ended by the Civil War Lincolns emancipation of slaves in 1863 n n(1863(1863 年林肯颁布的 年林肯颁布的 解放黑奴宣言 解放黑奴宣言)and t
12、he 13th Amendment to the Constitution in 1865(1865 1865 年 年美国通过的第 美国通过的第13 13 条宪法修正案)条宪法修正案)第8 页/共23 页n n-But after the abolition of slavery,many states passed segregation(隔离)laws to keep the races apart in schools,housing,restaurants and public facilities,and institutionalized discrimination kept b
13、lacks in the lowest-paid jobs.n n(制度化的种族歧视使黑人只能干一些收入最低的工作。)第9 页/共23 页Dr.Martin Luther King“I Have a Dream”in 1963 第10 页/共23 页Progressn n The Civil Rights Movement in the The Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s and 1960s helped black 1950s and 1960s helped black people secure many of the rights people
14、 secure many of the rights promised in the Constitution.A promised in the Constitution.A 1954 Supreme Court decision 1954 Supreme Court decision ruled that segregation had no ruled that segregation had no place in public school.In 1955,place in public school.In 1955,Rosa Parks refused to give up her
15、 Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a bus for a white man.seat on a bus for a white man.Finally,Congress passed the Civil Finally,Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 to stop Rights Act of 1964 to stop discrimination in all public places.discrimination in all public places.第1 1 页/共23
16、页Povertyn n By many standards the United States is the most favorably wealthy society in history.By many standards the United States is the most favorably wealthy society in history.Yet,35.9 million people,about 12.5%of Americans are living at or below the official Yet,35.9 million people,about 12.5
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