核反应堆工程核反应堆工程 (4).ppt
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1、Nuclear Engineering ReactorIntroduction of Boiling Water Reactor Overview1Boiling Water Reactor System Boiling Water Reactor Cycles 23BWR Containment Systems 4Boiling Water Reactor ECCS1 BWR systemBWR system1 BWR systemnBWR design subsequently underwent a series of evolutionary changes with one purp
2、ose in mind:simplicity.The BWR design has been simplified in two key areas:reactor systems and containment design.nIt has no steam generator but adopt direct circulation,low system pressure and simple circulation circuit.Water is circulated through the reactor core,producing saturated steam,dried in
3、 the top of the vessel,and directed to the steam turbine-generator.nThe steam produced by the nuclear core is radioactive.The radioactivity is a very short-lived isotope(half-life of 7 seconds)so that the radioactivity of the steam exists from the reactor vessel only during power generation and ther
4、e is no long-lived radioactive particles.2 BWR cyclesnThe BWR is characterized by the fact that bulk boiling takes place in the core.However,BWRs can be further characterized by whether the steam generated in the core passes directly to the turbine or is used to make steam for the turbine in a prima
5、ry/secondary heat exchanger.nWhen the steam generated in the core passes directly to the turbine,the plant is classified as a direct-cycle BWR.When the steam/water mixture generated in the core passes through a steam generator,such that the steam going to the turbine is produced on the secondary sid
6、e of the steam generator,the plant is classified as an indirect-cycle BWR.nThe final cycle of interest is the so-called dual-cycle BWR,in which part of the steam going through the turbine is produced directly in the core and part is produced in a steam generator.2 BWR cyclesVarious boiling water rea
7、ctor cycles2 Dual-cycleDresden-1 circulation systemDual-cycle BWRThe dual-cycle design was chosen as the basis for the first commercial BWR since it combined reliability,stability,and fairly high power density with a well-controlled reactor response to load changes.2 BWR cyclesnThe unique features o
8、f a dual-cycle BWR can best be described with reference to some operational transients.If the load on the turbine increases,it tends to slow down;however,in a dual-cycle plant,a signal is sent to the secondary steam generators control valve,which causes sufficient steam to be admitted to a lower sta
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