高考英语语法考点复习课件-状语从句.ppt
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1、Part2 考点10Part2 语法专题语法专题考点考点10 状语从句状语从句 对状语从句的考查在湖南高考中主要出现在单项填空部分。1.主要考查的知识点:(1)状语从句连接词的选用(2)状语从句的时态复习重点:复习重点:(1)9大类状语从句的连接词的使用(2)状语从句与主句的时态关系2.如何应对状语从句的考查(1)对连接词的考查:解题时,首先认真分析题干句的句子结构,结合4个选项,比较每个选项的连接词的意义及用法区别,再判断该选用哪一个。(2010湖南)Tim is in good shape physically _ he doesnt get much exercise.A.if B.ev
2、en though C.unless D.as long as思思路路点点拨拨:分析题干句可知空格处应为从句he doesnt get much exercise的连接词,比较从句和主句的关系可知前后是让步转折关系,再根据句意:“尽管Tim不经常锻炼,但他身材很好。”可判断选B项。(2)对从句时态的考查:解题时,要分析主句的时态,判断主句和从句的时态之间的关系,从而确定从句的时态。(2010重庆)The book has been translated into thirty languages since it _ on the market in 1973.A.had come B.has
3、 come C.came D.comes思思路路点点拨拨:主句的时态为完成时,since引导的从句时态通常为一般过去时,故答案选C。顾名思义,状语从句在句子中充当状语,表示主句动作发生的时间、地点、条件、方式、目的、比较、原因、结果等。状语从句是历年高考题的重点,主要考查学生对连词的应用及句子间的逻辑关系的掌握情况。常见的状语从句有下列9大类。熟熟 读读 深深 思思1.时间状语从句时间状语从句用适当的连词填空(1)I was doing some cooking when the doorbell rang.(2)While walking across the car,the boy was
4、 knocked over by a running car.(3)As time goes by,we grow up.(4)I had felt hungry before I arrived home.(5)It has been four years since I came to Shanghai.熟熟 读读 深深 思思(6)I slept until the clock alarmed.(7)I didnt sleep until my father came back.(8)She gave a ring to her parents immediate she landed i
5、n Japan.改错(immediateimmediately)(9)No sooner had we had supper when we began to repair the machine.改错(whenthan)(10)At every time I see the film,I cant help recalling my childhood in the countryside.改错(At every timeEvery time)归归 纳纳 总总 结结 时间状语从句常用连词有:when/while/as;before/after;since;until;as soon as/i
6、nstantly/immediately/the moment/the minute/the second;no soonerthan/hardly when;the first time/every time/each time/next time规则规则1:when 通常意思为:当时候;正在那时,如:(1)。规则规则2:while从句用延续性动词,意思为:在期间,如:(2)。规则规则3:as 表示主句和从句的动作几乎同步进行。意思为:一边,一边;随着,如:(3)。归归 纳纳 总总 结结规则规则4:before 意思为:在之前;还没来得及;才,如:(4)。规则规则5:since“自从以来”;
7、是现在完成时的标志,如:(5)。规则规则6:until在肯定句中,表示动作持续“到为止”,如:(6)。在否定句中,常与not连用,表示动作“直到才”,如:(7)。n1.主句为否定式终止性谓语动词。常见的动词是open,start,leave,arrive,finish,stopn(1)The noise of the street didnt stop until/before it was midnight.n2.主句为肯定式、延续性谓语词,这类动词用stand,stay,talk,be,waitn(1)He lived with his parents until/before he gr
8、aduated from school.n1主句为肯定式,谓语为终止性动词时只用before.n1)He fell asleep before I could take off his clothes.n2主句谓语动词强调动作的迟缓性,只用before,这时常伴有时间段状语或时间段暗示。nIt was quite a long time before he found the elephant.过了很长时间,他才找到大象。n3如果强调从句谓语动作未发生就发生主句谓语动作,只用before,这时常译为“未及(不等)就”n1)We can leave early in the morning be
9、fore it gets too hot.趁天还不太热,我们上午早点离开。n1.before只是陈述以前的事实,用until则着重后来的变化情况:nThis book was so interesting that he read it for three hours until he realized it.nHe often forgets what he has heard only a few minutes before.n2.until引出的分句内容是真实的,而before引出的分句的内容可能是真实的,也可以是非真实的:nLets wait until the rain stops
10、.归归 纳纳 总总 结结规则规则7:as soon as/immediately/instantly/directly/the moment/the minute/the second/the instant意为“一就”,如:(8)。规则规则8:no soonerthan/hardlywhen“刚就”。注意:此句型常将否定词置于句首,主句为部分倒装,主句时态用had done;从句用did,如:(9)。规则规则9:every time 每当,每次;the first time 第一次时候,next time 下次时,如:(10)。熟熟 读读 深深 思思2.条件状语从句条件状语从句完成句子(1)
11、They will_play_basketball after school if they finish their work.如果他们完成了作业,放学后就打篮球。(2)I will_not_attend the meeting unless I am invited.我不会去参加会议,除非得到邀请。条件状语从句常用连词有:if/unless/once/as long as/so long as/on condition that/provided/providing that/suppose/supposing that/say that/lets say that等。规规则则1:条件状语
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