2020全国研究生统一考试英语二真题及答案.docx
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1、2020全国研究生统一考试英语二真题及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Being a good parent is, of course, what every parent would like to be. But defining what it means to be a good paren
2、t is undoubtedly very _1_, particularly since children respond differently to the same style of parenting. A calm, rule-following child might respond better to a different sort of parenting than, _2_, a younger sibling._3_, theres another sort of parent thats a bit easier to _4_: a patient parent. C
3、hildren of every age benefit from patient parenting. Still, _5_ every parent would like to be patient, this is no easy _6_. Sometimes parents get exhausted and frustrated and are unable to maintain a _7_ and composed style with their kids. I understand this.Youre only human, and sometimes your kids
4、can _8_ you just a little too far. And then the _9_ happens: You lose your patience and either scream at your kids or say something that was a bit too _10_ and does nobody any good. You wish that you could _11_ the clock and start over. Weve all been there._12_, even though its common, its important
5、 to keep in mind that in a single moment of fatigue, you can say something to your child that you may _13_ for a long time. This may not only do damage to your relationship with your child but also _14_ your childs self-esteem.If you consistently lose your _15_ with your kids, then you are inadverte
6、ntly modeling a lack of emotional control for your kids. We are all becoming increasingly aware of the _16_ of modeling tolerance and patience for the younger generation. This is a skill that will help them all throughout life. In fact, the ability to emotionally regulate or maintain emotional contr
7、ol when _17_ by stress is one of the most important of all lifes skills.Certainly, its incredibly _18_ to maintain patience at all times with your children. A more practical goal is to try, to the best of your ability, to be as tolerant and composed as you can when faced with _19_ situations involvi
8、ng your children. I can promise you this: As a result of working toward this goal, you and your children will benefit and _20_ from stressful moments feeling better physically and emotionally.1. A tedious B pleasant C instructive D tricky2. A in addition B for example C at once D by accident3. A for
9、tunately B occasionally C accordingly D eventually4. A amuse B assist C describe D train5. A while B because C unless D once6. A answer B task C choice D access7. A tolerant B formal C rigid D critical8. A move B drag C push D send9. A mysterious B illogical C suspicious D inevitable10. A boring B n
10、aive C harsh D vague11. A turn back B take apart C set aside D cover up12. A overall B instead C however D otherwise13. A like B miss C believe D regret14. A raise B affect C justify D reflect15. A time B bond C race D cool16. A nature B secret C importance D context17. A cheated B defeated C confus
11、ed D confronted18. A terrible B hard C strange D wrong19. A trying B changing C exciting D surprising20. A hide B emerge C withdraw D escape1-10 DBACABACDC11-20 ACDBDCDBABSection Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,
12、B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid. To find out if this extends to non-living beings, Loleh Quinn at the University of C
13、alifornia, San Diego, and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals form robotic rats.They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat- one social and one asocial一for 5 our days. The robots rats were quite minimalist, resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse wit
14、h wheels-to move around and colorful markings.During the experiment, the social robot rat followed the living rats around, played with the same toys, and opened caged doors to let trapped rats escape. Meanwhile, the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to sideNext, the research
15、ers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever.Across 18 trials each, the living rats were 52 percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one. This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine s
16、ocial being. They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviours like communal exploring and playing. This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier, and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped, says Quinn.The readiness of the
17、rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design. The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels.“We d assumed we d have to give it a moving head and tail, facial features, and put a scene on it to make it smell like a real rat, but
18、 that wasnt necessary, ”says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia, who helped with the research.The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues, even when they come from basic robots. Similarly, children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings, even when they di
19、splay only simple social signals.“ We humans seem to be fascinated by robots, and it turns out other animals are too,”says Wiles.21. Quin and her colleagues conducted a test to see if rats can_A pickup social signals from non-living ratsB distinguish a friendly rat from a hostile oneC attain sociabl
20、e traits through special trainingD send out warning messages to their fellow22. What did the social robot do during the experiment?A It followed the social robot.BIt played with some toys.C It set the trapped rats free.DIt moved around alone.23. According to Quinn, the rats released the social robot
21、 because they_A tried to practice a means of escapeB expected it to do the same in returnC wanted to display their intelligenceDconsidered that an interesting game24. James Wiles notes that rats_Acan remember other rats facial featuresB differentiate smells better than sizesC respond more to cations
22、 than to looksDcan be scared by a plastic box on wheels25. It can be learned from the text that rats_Aappear to be adaptable to new surroundingsB are more socially active than other animalsC behave differently from children in socializingDare more sensitive to social cues than expected21-25 ADBCDTex
23、t 2It is true that CEO pay has gone up-top ones may make 300 times the pay of typical workers on average, and since the mid-1970s CEO pay for large publicly traded American corporations has, by varying estimates, gone up by about 500% The typical CEO of a top American corporation now makes about S18
24、.9 million a year.The best model for understanding the growth of CEO pay is that of limited CEO talent in a world where business opportunities for the top firms are growing rapidly. The efforts of Americas highest-earning 1% have been one of the more dynamic elements of the global economy. Its not p
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