外刊英语【Week10 周六】精读讲义 20240309 lose temper.pdf
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1、 新英文外刊 2024-3-9 1/14 经济学人双语经济学人双语 为什么你应该在工作中发脾气 Week 10 周六 字数 720 words 难度系数 全文导读 在工作场所表达愤怒具有双重性质。虽然持续的愤怒会导致负面影响,但适度的愤怒表达有时却能带来积极效果。但表达愤怒需要谨慎调节,以避免失控。重难点讲义&全文翻译 Why you should lose your temper at work 为什么你应该在工作中发脾气 Sometimes.And without throwing anything.偶尔发脾气,但不要扔东西。lose temper to suddenly become v
2、ery angry so that you cannot control yourself 发脾气Ive never seen Vic lose his temper.我从未看到过维克发脾气。扫码听音频 新英文外刊 2024-3-9 2/14 Para.1 Awareness days are meant to remind people of important causes and desirable behaviour.Among other things,February sees the International Day of Human Fraternity,World Day
3、of Social Justice andeveryones favourite until it became a bit too commercialisedWorld Pulses Day.International Day of Happiness falls in March;you have to wait until November for World Kindness Day.awareness days 意识日,是指特定日期或时间段,用于提高公众对某个特定问题、主题或社会议题的认知和关注。这些日子通常与健康、环境、社会公正、文化、人权等相关。例如,世界卫生日(每年的 4 月
4、 7 日)是一个由联合国和世界卫生组织(WHO)主办的活动,旨在提高改善全球健康的需求的认识。be meant to do something to be intended to do something 意在旨在做某事 The diagram is meant to show the different stages of the process.这个图表意在显示整个过程的各个不同阶段。cause /kz/n.an aim,belief,or organization that a group of people support or fight for 事业,理想,目标He has cha
5、mpioned the cause of independence.他声援独立事业。among other things/places/factors etc used to say that you are only mentioning one or two people or things out of a much larger group 除了其他东西/地方/因素等At the meeting they discussed,among other things,recent events in Japan.会上除其他议题外,他们还讨论了日本近来发生的事件。see v.(not use
6、d in the progressive tenses不用于进行时)to be the time when an event happens 为发生的时间 Next year sees the centenary of Verdis death.明年是威尔第逝世一百周年。fraternity /frtnt/n.a group of people sharing the same profession,interests or beliefs(有相同职业、爱好或信仰的)群体,同人;同好 members of the medical/banking/racing,etc.fraternity 医务
7、界、银行界、赛马圈等同人 International Day of Human Fraternity 国际人类博爱日,2020 年 12 月 21 日根据联合国大会第 75/200 号决议而设立,旨在促进更大的文化和宗教宽容。在埃及和阿拉伯联合大公国的共同推动下,联合国通过这项决议,邀请所有会员国和其他国际组织在每年的 2月 4 日纪念国际人类博爱日。World Day of Social Justice 世界社会公正日,2007 年 11 月联合国大会通过决议,宣布自 2009 年开始每一年的 2 月 20 日为“世界社会公义日(World Day of Social Justice)”。联
8、合国制订世界社会公义日,是回应 1995 年“全球社会发展高峰会”与 2000 年“全球社会发展高峰会及其后续发展:在全球化实现兼顾所有人利益的社会发展”的决议。commercialise (also commercialize)/kmlaz/v.to be more concerned with making money from something than about its 新英文外刊 2024-3-9 3/14 Para.2 quality used to show disapproval 使商业化,使成为赚钱手段含贬义 Christmas has become so commerc
9、ialized.圣诞节现已变得非常商业化了。pulses /pls/plural n.seeds such as beans,peas,and lentils that you can eat 豆子 World Pulses Day 世界豆类日,在联合国粮农组织成功举办 2016 年“国际豆类年”的基础上,联合国大会认识到豆类促进落实2030可持续发展议程 的潜力,并将每年的 2 月 10 日定为“世界豆类日”。International Day of Happiness 国际幸福日,联合国大会在 2012 年 6 月 28 日通过的第 66/281 号决议中宣布每年 3 月 20 日为国际幸
10、福日,确认幸福和福祉是全世界人类生活中的普世目标和愿望,具有现实意义,在公共政策目标中对此予以承认具有重要意义。World Kindness Day 世界行善日,是一个国际纪念日,于每年的 11 月 13 日举行,也有译为世界仁慈日。是 1998 年由世界行善运动(World Kindness Movement)一个由各国慈善非政府组织组成的联盟所引入。2023 年 11 月 12日。意识日,旨在提醒人们关注重要的目标和可取的行为。除其他议题外,二月有国际人类博爱日、世界社会正义日,以及在变得有点过于商业化之前广受喜爱的世界豆类日。国际幸福日在三月;世界仁慈日则需要等到十一月。Anger is
11、 far too objectionable to be celebrated with a special day of its own.There is an anger-awareness week in Britain,but the emphasis is on controlling tempers,not giving in to them.Yet in the workplace,as elsewhere,anger is more ambiguous than it seems.objectionable/bdeknbl/unpleasant and likely to of
12、fend people 令人不快的;可能得罪人的;讨厌的unpleasant and likely to offend people 令人不快的;可能得罪人的;讨厌的 give in to something to no longer try to stop yourself from doing something you want to do 不再克制,屈服于 Dont give in to the temptation to argue back.不要一时冲动就回嘴。ambiguous/mbijus/adj.that can be understood in more than one
13、way;having different meanings 模棱两可的;含混不清的 The language in the Ministers statement is highly ambiguous.部长的声明措辞很含糊。新英文外刊 2024-3-9 4/14 Para.3 愤怒令人过于反感,因而无法设立一个特别的日子来庆祝。英国有一个愤怒意识周,但重点是控制脾气,而不是放纵情绪。但在工作场所,就像与其他地方一样,愤怒要比表面所见更加复杂不明。Its destructive side is obvious.Furious people are not much fun to work wi
14、th,and less fun to work for.A short-fused boss is likely to instil fear among employees and to discourage people from speaking up.Anger can also engender poor performance.Anyone who has ever been riled by a rude email or uncivil colleagues knows how in such circumstances suddenly nothing else matter
15、s.Every spare bit of cognitive power is redirected to thinking of devastating put-downs from which the offender will never recover;other tasks can wait.destructive /dstrktv/adj.causing damage to people or things 毁灭性的,造成破坏的 What is good for the individual can be destructive to the family.个人的利益对于家庭来说有
16、可能是破坏性的。side n.one part or feature of something,especially when compared with another part 某事物的一个方面尤指与其他方面相比时 Environmental pollution gives great cause for concern,but,on the positive side,people are beginning to try and find solutions.环境污染确实令人担忧,但从积极的方面去看,人们开始努力在想办法解决了。furious /fjris/adj.very angry
17、 狂怒的,暴怒的 She was furious with herself for letting things get out of hand.她生自己的气,怪自己把事情搞得不可收拾。short-fused adj.a tendency to get angry easily:a quick temper was seen as the bad guy,the one whose short fuse was scary,destructive and uncontrollable 容易生气的Some managers are short-fused and impatient in the
18、ir reactions.How would you describe your won patience?他把妇女大龄生育的潮流归咎于女性从事职业,她们的个性变得易怒和不太宽容。instil /nstl/v.to teach someone to think,behave,or feel in a particular way over a period of time 逐渐灌输培养思想、行为方式或 感 受 A managers job is to instil determination into his players.主教练的工作就是向他的队员灌输必胜的决心。speak up to s
19、ay something,especially to express your opinion 说 话 尤 指 发 表 意见 There was a brief silence,then Gerald spoke up.一阵短暂的沉默之后杰拉尔德发话了。engender v.to be the cause of a situation or feeling 引起,产生某种情形或感觉 the changes in society engendered by the war 战争造成的社会变化 rile /ral/v.to make someone extremely angry 激怒,使非常生气
20、 That class gets me so riled up.那个班级把我气死了。新英文外刊 2024-3-9 5/14 Para.4 uncivil /nsvl/adj.not polite 不礼貌的,无礼的He was most uncivil to your father-called him an old fool.他对你父亲极其无礼称他为老傻瓜。spare /spe/adj.not being used or not needed at the present time 多余的,闲置的 A decline in beer sales had left the industry wi
21、th spare capacity.啤酒销售量的下降使该行业出现产能闲置。devastating /devsteiti/adj.badly damaging or destroying something 毁灭性的,破坏力极强的 It will be a devastating blow for the town if the factory closes.如果工厂关闭,对该镇来说将是沉重的打击。put-down n.something you say that is intended to make someone feel stupid or unimportant 贬 损 的 话,奚 落
22、 的 话 SYN snub She was tired of his put-downs.她听腻了他那些贬低人的话。offender /fend/n.someone or something that is the cause of something bad 引发坏事的人事物 Among causes of air pollution,car exhaust fumes may be the worst offender.在造成空气污染的诸多因素中,汽车尾气可能是罪魁祸首。愤怒的破坏性显而易见。与愤怒的人一起工作并不愉快,为之工作则更甚。一个容易生气的老板可能会在员工中灌输恐惧,会抑制大家自
23、由发言。愤怒也会导致不佳的工作表现。任何曾经被粗鲁的电子邮件或无礼同事激怒过的人都知道,在这种情况下,其他事情突然间都无足轻重。所有的心思都会集中于思考如何给冒犯者一记永远无法恢复的毁灭性打击;其他任务的则可以搁置一边。In one paper on the effects of rudeness on medical professionals,Arieh Riskin of Bnai Zion Medical Centre in Haifa and his co-authors describe a training exercise in which teams of Israeli p
24、hysicians and nurses treated a mannequin of a baby.The teams were joined by someone billed as a visiting expert from America,who offered studiously neutral comments to some groups and made unprompted and disparaging remarks about the quality of medical care in Israel to others.The teams that had suf
25、fered rudeness performed significantly worse.paper n.a piece of writing or a talk on a particular subject by someone who has made a study of it(研究)论文;(学术)讲话 Professor Usborne gave a paper on recent developments in his field.厄斯本教授就自己领域的新动态发表了讲话。professional /prfenl/n.someone who works in a job that n
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