20240303可用语境中词汇上课板书版阅读理解学案.pdf
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1、1英英 语语学习目标学习目标:第一部分第一部分:阅读理解阅读理解.1阅“显眼”,预测语篇主旨与作者态度.2梳理语篇中的“连接成分”,把握语句间的逻辑关系.3理清语篇中“长难句”分析方法.4把握语篇主旨笼罩下“词汇的具体词义”.5辨析语篇中的有效信息和正确选项的“匹配关系”.第二部分第二部分:应用文写作应用文写作(邀请信邀请信+建议信建议信+议论文议论文:观点正反对比类观点正反对比类).).1.审题.2.布局谋篇.3.有效的,达意的简单句的表达.4.“抛光打磨”简单句,做到在表达中“词汇的丰富和句式的多样”.5.使用符合逻辑的连接成分.开始学习开始学习:第一部分第一部分:阅读理解阅读理解:第一步
2、第一步:词汇热身+文章主旨与作者态度预测目的目的:在“阅”的过程中,预测文章的主旨,辨析并确认“词汇在语篇主旨笼罩下的具体词义.请阅读以下四篇文章请阅读以下四篇文章,*,*首先首先,预测文章主旨和作者态度预测文章主旨和作者态度;*然后然后,辨析和判断辨析和判断下划线词语下划线词语在文章在文章“主旨笼罩下主旨笼罩下”的具体词义的具体词义.(共共 5050 小题小题,每小题每小题 2 2 分分,满分满分 100)100)请将正确选项请将正确选项(A(A 或者或者 B)B)填写在填写在“我的答案我的答案”相应的位置上相应的位置上.PassagePassage 1.1.On March 7,1907,
3、the English statistician统计学家 Francis Galton published1 1.apaperpaper(A.报纸 B.B.论文论文)which illustrated what has come to be known as the“wisdomwisdom ofof crowdscrowds”effect.The experimentof2.2.estimation(A.A.评价评价 B.尊重)he3.3.conductedconducted(A.(A.实施实施 B.举止)showed that in somecases,the average of a l
4、arge number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.This effect4.4.capitalizescapitalizeson(A.(A.利用利用 B.把.首字母大写)the fact that when people makeerrors,those errors arent always the same.Some people will5.5.tend to(A.A.倾向于倾向于B.照顾)overestimate,and some to underestimate.When enough of these erro
5、rs are averaged together,theycancel each other out,resulting in a more accurate estimate.If people are similar and tend to make the2same errors,then their errors wont6.6.cancelcanceleach other out(A.A.对消对消 B.取消).In more technical7.7.termsterms(A.A.角度角度 B.学期),the wisdom of crowds requires that people
6、s estimates be independent.Iffor whatever reasons,peoples errors become8.8.correlated(A.A.有相互关系的有相互关系的 B.亲戚)ordependent,the accuracy of the estimate will go down.But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist(转折)on this classicphenomenon.The9 9.keykey(A.钥匙 B.B.关键关键)finding of th
7、e study was that when crowds were10.10.furtherfurther(A.更远的 B.B.进一步的进一步的)divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have adiscussion,the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number ofindependent individuals.For instance,the average obtained from the estimates
8、of four discussion groupsof five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.In a follow-up study with 100 university students,the researchers tried to get a better sense of whatthe group members actually did in their discussion.Did they tend to11.11.gog
9、o withwith(A.和.一起去 B.B.成成为伙伴为伙伴)those most confident about their estimates?Did they follow those12.12.leastleastwilling tochange their minds(A.A.最不愿意改变他们的想法最不愿意改变他们的想法.B.有一点点愿意改变他们的想法)?Thishappened some of the time,but it wasnt13.13.the dominant response(A.A.占主导地位的反应占主导地位的反应 B.优势的回答).Most frequently
10、,the groups reported that they“shared arguments and1414.reasonedreasoned(A.A.推推理理 B.原因)together.”Somehow,these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error.Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain,the potentialimplications for group discussion
11、 and decision-making are15.15.enormous(A.极恶的 B.B.巨大的巨大的).3PassagePassage 2.2.16.16.PopularizationPopularization(A.人口 B.B.大众化大众化)has1717.in somecasescases(A.A.在某些情况下在某些情况下 B.在一些案例中)changed the original meaning of emotional(情感的)intelligence.Many people nowmisunderstand emotional intelligence as almost
12、 everything desirable in a persons18.18.makeupmakeup(A.组成 B.B.外表外表)that cannot be measured by an IQ test,such as character,motivation,confidence,mentalstability,optimism and“people skills.”Research has19.19.shownshown(A.A.表明表明 B.展示)that emotional skillsmay20.20.contributecontributeto(A.A.有助于有助于 B.贡献
13、)some of these2121.qualitiesqualities(A.质量 B.B.品质品质),butmost of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for eithergood or bad purposes.The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling
14、 may be used by adoctor to find how best to help her patients,while a cheater might use it to control potential victims.Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence22.22.runrun farfar aheadahead ofof(A.A.遥遥领先遥遥领先
15、B.跑的远)what research can2323.reasonablyreasonablysupport(A.A.合情合理的支撑合情合理的支撑 B.原因的供应),theoverall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful.The most positive aspect of thispopularization is a new and much needed emphasis(重视)on emotion by employers,educators andothers interested in
16、 promoting social well-being.The popularization of emotional intelligence has helpedboth the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people24.24.adaptivelyadaptively(A.可采纳地 B.B.适应地适应地)in everyday life.Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional int
17、elligence is desirable,we hope that suchattention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and25.25.scholarlystudystudy(A.A.学术的研究学术的研究 B.学校的学习)of emotion.It is our hope that in coming decades,advances in science will offer newperspectives(视角)from which to study how people manage their lives.
18、Emotional intelligence,with itsfocus on both head and heart,may serve to point us in the right direction.4PassagePassage 3.3.Race walking shares many26.26.fitnessfitness(A.A.健康健康 B.合适)benefits with running,research shows,while most likely contributing to fewer injuries.It does,however,have its own p
19、roblem.Race walkers are conditioned athletes.The longest27.27.tracktrack(A.A.径赛跑道径赛跑道B.轨道)and28.28.fieldfield(A.领域 B.B.田赛田赛)event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk,which is aboutfive miles longer than the marathon.But the sports rules require that a race walkers knees29.29.staysta
20、y(A.(A.保持保持 B.停留)straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact(接触)with theground at all times.Its this strange30.30.formform(A.A.形式形式 B.表格)that makes race walking such anattractive activity,however,says Jaclyn Norberg,an assistant professor of exercise science at SalemState U
21、niversity in Salem,Mass.3131.LikeLike(A.喜欢 B.B.像像.)running,race walking is physically demanding,she says,According tomost calculations,race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里)per hour,which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking,althou
22、gh fewer thanrunning,which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.However,race walking does not3232.poundpound(A.A.剧烈地运动剧烈地运动 B.英镑)the body as much asrunning does,Dr.Norberg says.According to her research,runners3333.hithit(A.击打 B.B.碰到碰到)the groundwith as much as four times their
23、body weight per step,while race walkers,who do not leave the ground,create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.As a result,she says,some of the injuries associated with running,such as runners knee,areuncommon among race walkers.But the sports strange form does3434.placeplace(A.A.放
24、置放置 B.地点)considerable3535.stressstress(A.压力 B.B.精神压力精神压力)on the ankles and hips,so people with a history of suchinjuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport.In fact,anyone wishing to try race walkingshould probably first consult a coachororexperienced racer to learn proper technique,she
25、says.It takessome practice.5PassagePassage 4.4.New Zealand3636introducedintroduced(A.A.引入引入 B.介绍)its new climate change curriculum(课程)toschools in January,butbutnot everyone is happy about it.Dairy farmer Malcolm Lumsden told reporters,“Iftheyre going to continue to37.37.bitebite(A.咬 B.B.使痛苦使痛苦)the
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