04 人物体态外貌描写技巧-2024年高考英语一轮复习读后续写必备微技能(策略+PPT)(4).docx
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1、04 人物体态外貌描写技巧肖像描写中的外貌描写肖像描写是对人物的容貌、衣着、体型、姿态、神情等进行描写,以表现人物的体貌特征。对人物进行恰到好处的肖像描写能够生动地反映出人物的角色身份、社会地位、性格特点、情感变化等,将人物栩栩如生地呈现在读者面前,让读者在阅读的过程中如见其人。肖像描写在形态上进一步划分,分为静态描写和动态描写,即外貌描写和神态描写。静态描写是指对人物外在体貌静止状态下的描写,人物的外貌描写是静态描写的基本内容。 (一)描写视角 以描写视角为标准对肖像描写进行划分,可将人物肖像描写概括为两类:整体描写和局部描写。两种描写分别承担不同作用,共同构成文学形象。整体描写是对人物肖像
2、进行完全地刻画,从整体出发,通常采用多种描写角度,多面、系统、有层次地进行描绘和刻画,将人物的外在形态完整、清晰地展现出来。通过对人物的整体描写,从多个角度对人物进行完整构思,能综合把握人物形象,使读者对描写对象有整体、完整的印象。局部描写是指有重点的选择人物肖像的中某一部分,如容貌、衣着、姿态等进行刻画,在情节发展的关键之处加以重点描绘,达到“以点带面”“以局部反映整体”的效果。相较于整体描写而言,局部描写的视角更加聚焦、集中,通过最能表现人物性格特点的局部反映人物的精神面貌。人物肖像的局部描写为理解人物形象、性格特点提供了有效途径,同时也要探究叙述者对于局部特点抓取的缘由,挖掘更深层次的人
3、物情感。 (二)描写技法 根据描写对象的轻重、详略以及用语的多少,人物的外貌描写又可分为白描式描写、漫画式描写和详细描写三类。 所谓白描式描写,是指用简练而朴素的文字,不加渲染烘托、铺张辞藻,讲求简洁传神地描画出鲜明生动的形象。与此同时,白描也往往会带来隐喻的效果,不过多着墨,但给读者留下深刻印象,寥寥几笔对角色的勾画考验作者对人物形象传神写照的把握。 漫画式描写是对人物肖像上的特点加以放大,以极尽夸张、变形的形式来表现人物的形象,以此凸显人物特点,相比较白描和细描,漫画式描写更凸显人物形象的荒诞感,通过虚与实的交融对比,使人物形象塑造地强烈、典型。详细描写是指对人物进行细致入微的刻画,把读者
4、对人物的感受限制在特定时空内,由作者引导读者对人物进行感知,使人物形象清晰、完整的呈现在读者面前。不同的描写技法对人物形象的刻画能达到不同效果,所抓取的人物外形上的特点和描写角度也有所区别,教师在教学中要引导学生注意体会不同描写技法的艺术效果。人物体态外貌描写技巧描写相貌体型(Physical Appearance)常用词汇第一部分 描述体形的形容词1.描述身材:tall,small,short,of medium height2.描述体型:fat,thin, slim, big,small,of medium build, strong等. 3.描述相貌:beautiful, pretty,
5、 good-looking, charming, sweet, handsome, funny, ugly, peculiar, rough, ill-looking4.体格(build):fat 肥胖的; thin 瘦的; slim 苗条的; overweight 超重; slight 瘦小的; well-built身材魁梧5.身高 (height) medium height 中等身材;average height 一般身材; below average 低于平均身高; tall 高的; short 矮的; tallish 有些高的; middle-sized 身高中等的;of mediu
6、m height 中等身材; 1.78 meters 身高1.78米。第二部分 五官在用英语描写面部容貌的时候,可以从脸型、头发、五官入手。 1.脸型(face): round 圆的; thin 瘦的; long 长的; square 方的。 例: She eats too much these days , so her face is getting round . 她最近吃得太多了,所以她的脸变圆了。 2.头发(hair) (1) 发型(hair style): straight 直的; curly 卷发的; pigtails 辫子; crew cut 平头; bald秃头的。 例:He
7、r hair is brown and curly. 她有着一头棕色而卷曲的头发。 (2) 发色(hair color):jet-black 乌黑的; fair 金色的; blonde 淡黄色的; golden 金黄色的; dyed 染色的; brunette 浅黑色的; mousey 灰褐色的; chestnut 栗色的. 3.五官(1) 眼睛(eye):deep-set 深陷的; sunken 凹陷的; bulging/protruding 凸出的; eyelashes 睫毛; eyebrows 眉毛. 例: His eyes are deep-set because he has wor
8、ked till midnight for a long time. 他的眼睛深陷,因为他这段时间经常工作到深夜。He had the most beautiful blue eyes I had ever seen. 她有一双我从未见过的漂亮蓝眼睛。 (2) 鼻子(nose):long 长的; straight 挺直的; big 大的; small 小的; flat 扁平的; hooked 钩状的. 例:He was born a hooked nose. 他天生是鹰钩鼻。 His nose is very big, so he doesnt like it. 他的鼻子很大,所以他不喜欢它。
9、 (3) 嘴部(mouth):tooth 牙齿; even 整齐的; uneven 不整齐的; chin下巴。 例:When he laughs, we see his even teeth. 当他笑的时候,我们看见他有一口整齐的牙齿。 She has a double chin. 她有双下巴。第三部分 服饰神情1.服饰(dress):smart 潇洒的; scruffy 邋遢的; well-dressed 衣着华丽的; casual 随便的; conservative 不显眼的; elegant 优雅的; fashionable 时髦的; suave 文雅的; untidy 不整洁的. 例:
10、 He looks casual just wearing a tweed suit. 他穿了一件花格子衬衫,看上去很随便。 2.笑容(smile): bright 欢快的; broad 无所顾忌的; charming 可爱的; cunning 狡猾的; faint 不明显的; happy 高兴的; pleasant令人愉快的; sad 伤心的; sweet 甜蜜的; pleased 满意的; grinning 露齿而笑的; smirking 傻笑的; friendly 友好的; warm 温暖的,热情的; cold 不热情的. 例: Because of his high scores, h
11、e smiles brightly. 因为他得了高分,所以笑得很灿烂。 A friendly smile will help you to win others heart. 友好的笑容能帮助你赢得别人的心。 She is charming when she smiles. 她笑起来的时候很可爱。第四部分 描写男性1.He was wonderfully good-looking,with his brown hair,his clear-cut face,and his grey eyes.he was popular with the men as he was with women.他长
12、得很帅,棕色的眼睛和头发,轮廓清晰的脸庞,灰色的眼睛,男人和女人都喜欢他。2.He was a strange,rough fellow,with a freckled face and red,rough bear他长得又怪又粗糙,一脸的雀斑,一个蓬乱的红胡子。3.英语描写乞丐He was standing on a raised platform in a corner of the room.he was a wizened old man with wrinkled face and a sad expression.over his shoulder was thrown a rou
13、gh brown coat,all torn and full of holes,his thick boots were old and patched ;and with one hand he leaned on a rough stick,while with the other he held out his battered hat for money.他站在屋子角落一个支高的台子上,他是一个老人,满脸的皱纹和悲伤的表情。他的肩膀上搭着一件粗糙,破烂的棕色外套,他的厚靴子上也打了补丁,他用一个手倚着一根拐杖,另一只手拿他的破帽子讨钱。4.He was the man with th
14、e gun.he was a heavy man,bald,with scarred and brutal face. he had been in a hundred fights,and theyd left their marks on him.他是拿枪的人。他是一个很壮的男人,秃顶的,脸上有伤疤,一副凶相。他和人打过上百次,身上到处是伤。5.They were a pack of bearded ,ragged,half-naked animals,and i probably looked as bad as they.他们是一群胡子拉查,衣衫褴褛的野兽,而我的样子恐怕和他们差不多。
15、6.Robert is 21 years old. He is about 5 feet ,9 inches tall . His face is long and narrow . His eyes are green. His hair is light brown. He doesnt look very Italian. He smiles a little and usually has a friendly look on his face . He isnt fat and he isnt thin. His build is average. 罗伯特21岁了,他身高大约5.9英
16、尺,脸瘦瘦长长的,绿眼睛。浅棕色的头发,看起来不大像意大利人。他总是面带微笑,非常友好。他不胖也不瘦,中等身材。7.He used to be middle-sized, but when he is getting old , he is becoming short. 他原本是中等身材,但随着年龄的增长,他变矮了。8.His eyes are deep-set because he has worked till midnight for a long time. 他的眼睛深陷,因为他这段时间经常工作到深夜。9.He was born a hooked nose. 他天生是鹰钩鼻。10.H
17、is nose is very big, so he doesn;t like it. 他的鼻子很大,所以他不喜欢它。11.When he laughs, we see his even teeth. 当他笑的时候,我们看见他有一口整齐的牙齿。12.He looks casual just wearing a tweed suit. 他穿了一件花格子衬衫,看上去很随便。13.Because of his high scores, he smiles brightly. 因为他得了高分,所以笑得很灿烂。14.He was small at first , but he came on quick
18、ly. He was a beautiful child, with dark gold curly hair, and dark-blue eyes which changed gradually to a clear grey. 最初他个子矮小瘦弱,但他长得很快。他是个漂亮的孩子,有一头棕色的卷发,和一双深蓝浅灰相间的眼睛。15.The middle-aged man already has double chins and receding hairline. 这个中年人已有了双下巴,头发也日渐稀少。16.He looked even smaller than he really was
19、 because he wore dirty clothes. 他看上去比他本来年龄更小,因为他穿着脏衣服。17.Harry had a thin face, black hair , and bright green eyes. 哈瑞很瘦,有一头黑色的头发和明亮的绿色眼睛。18.He is a warm-hearted man, so we all like him. 他是一个热心的人,所以我们都很喜欢他。19.He is stupid and careless. 他既愚蠢又粗心。20.Dont trust him, because he is dishonest. 不要相信他,因为他不老实
20、。 21.He is very happy and sweet. 他又高兴又甜蜜。22.They didnt know what to do with themselves for joy. 他们高兴得不知道怎们办好。23.He looks so sad. 他看起来很悲伤。24.He easily loses his temper. 他很容易发脾气。25.He beamed on his visitors. 他对着客人们微笑。 第五部分 描写女性1.she was young,with a fair,calm face that showed a certain strength.她是一个年轻
21、人,满脸的恬静,表现出一种与众不同的力量2. a girl with long straight hair 留着长长直发的女孩 3. curl 卷发 The girls had blond curls. 小姑娘长着金色卷发。 4. She is a slim girl, while her boyfriend is well-built. 她很苗条,她的男朋友很魁梧。 5. She is a little overweight, so she decided to lose weight. 她有一点超重,所以她打算减肥。5. She eats too much these days , so
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