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1、个人收集整理 欢迎使用第 1 页 共 49 页abandon vt. go away from( a person or thing or place) not intending to return; desert 放弃,抛弃词组 abandon ones home 离弃家园 abandon ones wife 遗弃妻子 an abandoned baby 被抛弃的孩子 The child was found abandoned on the street.abandon oneself to 沉溺于abandon ones research for lack of fund 由于缺乏资金放
2、弃研究ability n. capacity or power to do sth physical or mental 能力词组 to the best of ones ability 尽自己最大努力尽自己最大努力have the ability to do sth; have the ability in doing something; 例句 I believe your ability to bring out the best in others.我相信你有充分发挥别人潜力的能力ableadj. having knowledge or skill; capable 有能力的, 能干的
3、 反义词:unable词组someone be able to do sth. someone be capable of (doing)sth.有能力做某事BUT: something enable someone to do somethingThe money donated by people all over the world enables us to rebuild the quake-striken areas. 辨析able capable两个都指“有才能的”, able 所指的意义,高过 capable 一级;如 an able man 能应付各种事情的人(指非常的) ,
4、而 a capable man 能应付自如的人(指寻常的) ;capable 也可以用于贬义,表示此人什么事都干得出来。aboard adv. prep. on or into a ship, an aircraft, a train or a bus 在船(或飞机,车)上;上船,登机, 在船(或飞机,车)上词组go aboard 上船(飞机) welcome aboard 请上船(飞机)abroad live/ travel abroad / come from abroad / at home and abroad / from home and abroadaboutprep. on t
5、he subject of (sb/sth); concerning or regarding 关于;around 在周围;在各处;大约adv. (indicating position, state, etc) here and there in (a place) 各处,周围词组be about to do sth.刚要;正准备刚要;正准备:例句 He was about to leave when it began to rain.How about doing something? What about doing something? 关关于于怎么样?怎么样?How about go
6、ing to watch a football game? 去看足球赛怎么样?个人收集整理 欢迎使用第 2 页 共 49 页辨析 be to do be going to do be about to dobe to do 表示计划或安排要做的事be going to do 表示打算要做但还没有安排好何时做的事;客观情况下即将发生的动作。be about to do 表示某时突然想要做某事表示某时突然想要做某事,不与时间状语相连用;或表示过去刚不与时间状语相连用;或表示过去刚要做某事时这时另一件事发生了要做某事时这时另一件事发生了,这时常与这时常与 when 从句连用从句连用例句 We are
7、 going to visit our former English teacher this winter holiday.这个寒假我们打算去看看我们以前的英语老师。The dark clouds are gathering. Its going to rain.乌云在聚集,天要下雨了。We are to visit our English teacher on Feb 5th. 二月五日我们去看看我们的英语老师。I was about to leave home when the doorbell rang. 我刚要出门,这时门铃响了。aboveprep. higher than some
8、thing 在上面;高于;超过反义词:belowadv. 在上面词组above all 最重要的是最重要的是 above average超过平均水平超过平均水平As is mentioned above 如上所述如上所述 as is indicated above 如上所如上所示示 high above the sky;absent adj. not present 缺席,心不在焉反义词 presentv. fml to keep oneself away (正式)缺席,不在词组be absent from缺席缺席 be present at 出席出席absent-minded 心不在焉的 a
9、bsent expression茫然的表情in the absence of = in ones absence有谁不在场有谁不在场in the presence of = in ones presence 有谁在场有谁在场展开 absencen. 反义词 presenceabsolute adj. complete, total 十足的,道地的;绝对的,完全的词组 an absolute idiot 十足的傻瓜 absolute power 绝对的权利absolute confidence / silence / trust / proof;The laws of physics were
10、absolute. 展开 absolutely adv. 完全地;极其be absolutely wrong /impossibleabsorb vt. take sth in; include sth/sb as part of itself 吸收;接受;把并入;吸引(注意力,精力等)词组 heat / oxygen/ water / gas / liquid; be absorbed in something / doing something 全神贯注于全神贯注于 = be lost in ; lose oneself in ; concentrate ones attention /
11、mind on; focus ones mind / attention 个人收集整理 欢迎使用第 3 页 共 49 页onA be absorbed intoB 把把并入并入 meaning: A becomes a part of B. abstract adj. existing in thought or as an idea but not having a phycial or practical existence 抽象的 反义词:反义词:concretean abstract noun/painting/painter抽象名词 / 抽象画 / 抽象画画家n. 摘要,梗概 an
12、of a lecture词组in the abstract 抽象地说,一般地说 consider the problem in the abstract accept v. take (sth offered) willingly 接受,认可辨析receive 表示“客观收到”accept 表示“主观接受”,其反义词为 refuseI received his invitation yesterday but I did not accept it.昨天我受到了他的邀请,但是没有接受。admit 表示“接纳”, “吸收”某人加入某一组织,团体等Soon he was admitted to B
13、ritish citizenship. 不久之后他便被接受为英国公民。词组 accept sth (as sth) : take sth. as ; believe sth. accept ones ides / advice; the accepted laws; ones proposal is acceptable. 例句 We do not accept your explanation / what you have said.Mary finally accepted Bruce as her long-companion.It is an accepted fact, ie st
14、h that everyone thinks is true.展开 acceptable adj.可以接受的Is the proposal acceptable to you? ones proposal is acceptable. access n. means of approaching or entering( a place) 通道;opportunity or right to use sth or approach sth 接近;接近的机会;享用权词组 a man of easy access 容易接近的人容易接近的人 ; someone is accessiable / ap
15、proachable; have / gain access to something / some place;可以到达(进入)可以到达(进入) ;能够使;能够使用(接近)用(接近)例句 The only access to that building is along the muddy track. 进入那幢大楼的唯一通道就是这条泥泞的轨道。Only a few people have access to the full facts of the case. 只有几个人可以获取这个案例的全部事实。展开accessibleadj. 容易接近,得到或使用 ant: inaccessible
16、 be accessible to sb. / be inaccessible to sb.The Forbidden City was inaccesibale to ordinary people in the old days. The mountain village was inaccessible to buses and cars. 个人收集整理 欢迎使用第 4 页 共 49 页accidentn. event that happens unexpectedly and causes damages, injury, etc.意外事件,事故词组a traffic accident
17、交通事故 by accident偶然(同)偶然(同)by chance; accidentally (反)on purpose例句 He owes his success to a mere accident 他的成功出于偶然展开 accidental adj.偶然的 accidentally adv. 意外地accompanyvt. to go with, as on a journey 陪伴,陪同;to happen or exist at the same time 伴随,和一起发生;to make supporting music for 为伴奏(或伴唱)accompany sb./s
18、th. / accompany sb. on the piano / a song例句 I was accompanied to the airport by my wife. 妻子陪我到机场。Suffering accompanied war.灾难总是伴随着战争一起。He sang a folk song, accompanied by his wife on the piano.他唱了一首民歌,他妻子钢琴伴奏展开 company n. 陪伴 keep sb. company 陪伴陪伴; keep company with someone; accomplish v. to succeed
19、in doing; finish successfully; perform 实行,完成词组accomplish ones purpose达到目的 accomplish nothing 一事无成accomplish wonders / goals / 创造奇迹 an accomplished young lady多才多艺的少女多才多艺的少女A lazy man will never accomplish anything.展开 accomplishedadj. 熟练的,已完成的,有教养的 an accomplished fact 既成事实 / an accomplished dancer /c
20、ook be accomplisheded at something = be good at something 辨析 accomplish ; complete; finish; achieve ; fulfilaccomplish 指通过努力完成(某一任务,使命) ,取得(成就) ,达到(目的)等complete 较 accomplish 更具体,指把建筑,工程,书籍等完成finish 指完成日常琐事,接动名词作“结束”讲,而 complete 则不能如此。另外,finish 指消极性的“完成”辨析:I have finished the book. 我已读完这本书了。 I have c
21、ompleted the book. 我已写完这本书了。fulfil 完成(计划,任务),达到(目的),强调对预期的或保证过的事情圆满完成,达到预想的目的和要求。I had fulfilled many of my youthful ambitions. 我已实现了我年轻时的许多抱负。achieve 指排除困难,完成伟大功业,取得成就。 achieve ones ambition 个人收集整理 欢迎使用第 5 页 共 49 页展开 accomplishment naccording adv. 按照;根据词组 according to 根据; according to plan; accordi
22、ng to the report; according to what he said at the meeting; 展开 accordingly adv.相应地accountn. a written or spoken report; description 记述,描述,报告n. a record or statement of money received and paid out, as by a bank or business, esp. for a particular period or at a particular date 账,帐户n. 解释,说明vi. account
23、for 1)说明的原因,是的原因 His illness accounts for his absence. 2)在数量,比例方面)占: something accounts for 50%. 词组give an account of 叙述;报告 pay ones account 付帐keep accounts 记账 on account of由于;因为由于;因为; on no account 决不决不 (如果在句首,要用倒装句型如果在句首,要用倒装句型)。 takeinto account = take account of = take into consideration 考虑考虑Ple
24、ase take into account my experience that was gained during the gap year in the UK.on this / that account: for this / that reason / on sbs account : for sbs sake of no account不重要的 on account 以赊帐方式展开 accountant n. 会计人员accuse v. to charge(someone)with doing wrong or breaking the law; blame 指责词组accuse s
25、b. of sth.= charge sb.with sth. 控告某人控告某人someone be accused of cheating in the exam. the accused被告 the accuser 原告BUT: blame somoee for doing something; someone be to blame for: 某人应该受到指责;(注意不用被动语态)某人应该受到指责;(注意不用被动语态)blame something on someone; 展开 accusation n. 指责,控告accustomed adj. being in the habit o
26、f; used to 习惯于;regular, usual 通常的,惯常的词组 表示“习惯于”be (get, become, grow) accustomed to something / doing something; be (get, become, grow) used to(变得)习惯于(变得)习惯于 adapt oneself to sth. adjust oneself to sth. 个人收集整理 欢迎使用第 6 页 共 49 页accustom oneself to sth. 例句 This is her accustomed hour to get up. 这是她惯常的起
27、床时间achen. a continuous pain 疼痛vi. to have or suffer a continuous dull pain 疼痛,酸痛 My head is aching /aches. BUT: My stomach pains me. I am aching all over. 合成词toothache 牙疼 headache 头疼 stomachache 胃疼辨析achepain hurtache 指一种辨析持久的疼痛,或因小病或失调引起的感觉I have an ache in my stomach/chest.我胃疼。He is aching all over
28、.他浑身痛。pain 指人体感到不舒服,是一般用语,可指身体或精神方面的痛I have a sharp pain in the neck. 我的颈部痛得很。hurt 指身体或精神的伤害,指“疼痛”时,为不及物动词What you have said hurt her. 你说的伤到她了。My fingers still hurt now. 我的手指还在痛。achieve vt. to finish successfully(esp. something, anything, nothing) 完成,实现,达到vi. 成功词组achieve ones ambition 达成志向;达成抱负达成志向;
29、达成抱负 achieve ones aim/ goal 达成目标达成目标achieve nothing 一事无成一事无成; achieve success 成功成功; achieve a general increase in production 实现逐步增长辨析(见 accomplish 词条)展开 achievement n. 成就,成绩 : Albert Enistein is a simple man with great achievements.acquire vt. to get for oneself by ones own work, skill, action, etc.
30、取得,获得;学到词组acquire a property 得到一笔财产acquire a large vocabulary 学到大量词汇 acquire confidence获获得信心得信心辨析acquire ;get ; obtain ; gainacquire 指(经过一个过程或通过自己的努力才) “获得”, “习得”get 为一般用语,表示“得”, “取得”等,常用在口语中obtain 比 get 文雅些,指凭着努力,要求等而“得到”Further information can be obtained from our head office.可以从我们总部获得更多信息gain “取得
31、”“赚得(利益等) ”,含优势和成就等意味。个人收集整理 欢迎使用第 7 页 共 49 页Nothing can be gained without an effort . 不劳则无获。across prep. from one side to the other of 穿过, 横过, 在的对面adv. 从 边到另一边;宽,横词组come across = run across 碰到某人或遭遇某事碰到某人或遭遇某事get across过;渡过 put across 哄骗(使相信或接受)get sth. across(to sb.) 使人理解,领会The stream is 6 feet acr
32、oss.这条小溪六尺宽。He was unable to get across to the group what he meant.他无法让人了解他什么意思。We must learn how to put our ideas across.我们必须学会讲清楚我们的观点。辨析acrossthroughacross 指平面的穿过 through指空间的穿过辨析across the river / street / desert / plain / bridge through the forest /crowd / tunnel / window / gate actvi. To take a
33、ction 行动;做,做事;to represent ( a part) or perform by action 表演vt. 扮演(角色) n. 行为,动作;法令;条例词组act on / upon 1. 根据行事 2.对产生影响,对起作用act on the teachers instructions 遵照老师的指令遵照老师的指令Acids act on metals. 酸对金属起作用。in the act of正做的过程中 In the act of bending down, he slipped and hurt his back.catch sb. in the act of do
34、ing sth. I caught her (in the act of )stealing my bicycle.act as 充当充当 / an act of great daring 英勇的行为 an education act 教育法例句 She acted wisely in this matter. 她在这事上做得很明智。He wasnt acting like himself. 他的举止反常。 He acts very well in the play. 他在剧中演得很 He acted Romeo. 他演罗密欧。actionprocess of doing something
35、n. 行动词组take action / steps / measures to do sth. 采取行动采取行动 out of action不(再)起作用,不(再)运转 in action 起作用,运转go /come into action 开始战斗,开始行动开始战斗,开始行动辨析actionact activity个人收集整理 欢迎使用第 8 页 共 49 页act 指短暂,个别的,具体的“行为”action 偏重于抽象的,占时较长的“行为”, “行为过程”,更具有连续性。activity 指活动例句The thief was caught in the very act of stea
36、ling.小偷在行窃时被逮捕。Firm action must be taken to prevent such an accident from happening again.必须采取果断措施以防止此类事故再度发生。展开 classroom activities 班级活动班级活动 action 也常指做事的方法或效果action of a runner / a medicine 跑步者的动作(药的作用)actions 泛指人们的行为泛指人们的行为. Actions speak louder than words.(谚语)事实(谚语)事实胜于雄辩胜于雄辩注:我们可以有如下表达a foolis
37、h/ kind/ brave act (or action)= an act( not action ) of foolishness / kindness/ braveryactiveenergetic; quick; lively adj. 积极的,主动的词组be active in = take an active part in积极参加 actively adv. 积极地adapt v.make sth suitable for a new use, situation etc. 使适应,使适合;. v. alter or modify( a text) for televison,
38、the stage, etc. 修改,改编词组adapt oneself to使自己适应,习惯(使自己适应,习惯(见 accustomed 词条)adapt to适应适应 adapt sth. (for sth.) 改编改编These styles can be adapted to suit individual tastes.The famous novel will be adapted for a film.add v. put something together with sth else so as to increase the size, number, amount etc
39、. 加,添加;进一步说(或写) ,附带说明词组add to 往。往。 。 。添加。添加。 。 。 add up加起来add up to = amount to = total = come to合计达,总计合计达,总计His debts added up to $100. (不能用被动语态不能用被动语态)add to 增加增加 add to ones confusion / difficulty增加困惑,增加困惑,困难困难例句 Three added to four makes seven.3 加 4 等于 7Add all these figures and see what the tot
40、al is.把这些数字加起来,看看是多少。addition n. adding, esp calculating the total of tow or more numbers 加;加法词组 in addition = besides另外,加之in addition to = as well as = besides除除之外(还有)之外(还有)个人收集整理 欢迎使用第 9 页 共 49 页展开 additional adj. 附加的,另外的address n. details of where a person lives, works or can be found, and where
41、letters , etc may be delivered 地址,住址;n. speech made to an audience 演说,讲话vt. (在信封或包裹上)写姓名,地址;向作(正式)讲话;对发表演说;称呼;处理词组address oneself to向讲话,致力于address sth. to sb. The card / letter was wrongly addressed to my old house.address the meeting / a conference; address someone as Dr. x x x; 辨析address ;speech ;
42、lecture ;report;talkaddress 指较正式隆重场合上所作的“演说”speech 普通用语,指在公共场合所作的经过准备的或无准备的“发言”lecture 学术性的“演讲”“讲座” I went to a lecture he gave on literature.report 事件及局势的报道(报告)或下级给上级的报告 a political reporttalk 非正式的讲话,用与较随便的场合 I must have a long talk with him.adequate adj. sufficient 足够的,适当的;胜任的 反义词:inadequate辨析adeq
43、uatesufficientenoughadequate 着重符合一个客观要求或标准,兼有“适当”之意sufficient较偏重分量或数量的“足够”,多用语书面语enough 常用语,也较偏重分量或数量的“足够”His wages are adequate to support the family.他的工资足够养家了。adjustv. alter (sth) by a small amount so that it will fit or be right for use; regulate 调整;调节词组adjust ones watch / the focus of the camera
44、 adjust oneself to 调整以适应调整以适应(见 accustomed 词条) adjust to 适应适应: adjust to the new environment;adjust tax and labour laws; 例句 The body quickly adjust ( itself ) to changes in temperature. 身体迅速自行调节以适应气温的变化。admire vt. regard sb with respect, pleasure, satisfaction etc. 赞赏,钦佩词组 admire sb for sth / doing
45、something: I admire him for his success in business.win the admiration of赢得赢得的赞赏的赞赏 be the admiration of成为(是).的欣赏对象have/ display an admiration for 对非常佩服(欣赏)展开 admirer n. 崇拜者 admirable adj. 可佩的个人收集整理 欢迎使用第 10 页 共 49 页admirably adv. 可佩地,非常地 admiringly adv. 钦佩地,赞叹地 admiration n. 欣赏,赞赏admit vt. allow sb
46、/ sth to enter 允许进入,使进入;容纳;容许recognize or acknowledge sth as true, confess sth. 承认词组 admit sth. /doing sth./that clauseadmit to sth / doing sth: recognize sth. as true 承认;admit (having made )ones mistakes 承认犯了错误admit sb. to / into sp. / an organization: 被准许进入被准许进入: He was admitted to the hospital. H
47、e is admitted to the golf club. be admitted into (to): 被录取: The boy was admiited into Yale University. 例句 Only important personages were admitted to the opening ceremony.只有 VIP 才可参加开幕式This matter admits of no delay.这件事不容拖延。This ticket will admit three to the concert. 一张票可供三个人听音乐会。一张票可供三个人听音乐会。George would never admit ( to ) being wrong. 乔治从不认错。I admit my mistakes / that I was wrong. 我承认我错了。展开 admission n. 准许进入,入场费,费用 Admission free / Admission by ticket only adopt v. adopt sb. adopt an orphan / an adopted childadopt sth. adopt a plan
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