2018年度考研英语二真命题及其规范标准答案.doc
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1、. SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)whydopeoplereadnegativeInternetcommentsanddootherthingsthatwillobviouslybepainful?Becausehumanshaveaninherentneedto1uncertainty,accordingtoarecentstudyinPsychologic
2、alScience.Thenewresearchrevealsthattheneedtoknowissostrongthatpeoplewiill2tosatisfytheircuriosityevenwhenitiscleartheanswerwill3.Inaseriesoffourexperiments,behavioralscientistsattheUniversityofChicagoandtheWisconsinSchoolofBusinesstestedstudentswillingnessto4themselvestounpleasantstimuliinaneffortto
3、satisfycuriosity.Forone5eachparticipantwasshownapileofpensthattheresearcherclaimedwerefromapreviousexperiment.Thetwist?Halfofthepenswould6anelectricshockwhenclicked.Twenty-sevenstudentsweretoldwhichpenswereelectrified;anothertwenty-sevenweretoldonlythatsomewereelectrified7leftaloneintheroom,thestude
4、ntswhodidnotknowwhichoneswouldshockthemclickedmorepensandincurredmoreshocksthanthestudentswhoknewwhatwould8.Subsequentexperimentsreproducedthiseffectwithotherstimuli,9thesoundoffingernailsonachalkboardandphotographsofdisgustinginsects.Thedriveto10isdeeplyrootedinhumans,muchthesameasthebasicdrivesfor
5、11orshelter,saysChristopherHseeoftheUniversityofChicago.Curiosityisoftenconsideredagoodinstinct-itcan12newscientificadvances,forinstance-butsometimessuch13canbackfire.Theinsightthatcuriositycandriveyoutodo14thingsisaprofoundone.Unhealthycuriosityispossibleto15,however.Inafinalexperiment,participants
6、whowereencouragedto16howtheywouldfeelafterviewinganunpleasantpicturewerelesslikelyto17toseesuchanimage.Theseresultssuggestthatimaginingthe18offollowingthroughononescuriosityaheadoftimecanhelpdetermine19itisworththeendeavor.Thinkingaboutlong-term20iskeytoreducingthepossiblenegativeeffectsofcuriosity.
7、Hseesays.Inotherwords,dontreadonlinecomments.1.A.resolveB.protectC.discussD.ignore2.A.refuseB.waitC.seekD.regret3.A.riseB.lastC.misleadD.hurt4.A.alertB.tieC.exposeD.treat5.A.messageB.trialC.reviewD.concept 6.A.remove7.A.Unless8.A.happen9.A.ratherthanB.weakenB.IfB.continueB.suchasC.deliverC.ThoughC.d
8、isappearC.regardlessofD.interruptD.WhenD.changeD.owingto 10.A.disagree11.A.pay12.A.beginwith13.A.withdrawalB.forgiveB.marriageB.restonB.inquiryC.forgetC.foodC.learnfromC.persistenceD.discoverD.schoolingD.leadtoD.diligence14.A.self-destiuctiveB.self-reliantC.self-evidentD.self-deceptive15.A.resist16.
9、A.predict17.A.remember18.A.relief19.A.whetherB.defineB.overlookB.chooseB.planB.whyC.replaceC.designC.promiseC.outcomeC.whereD.traceD.concealD.pretendD.dutyD.how 20.A.limitationsB.investmentsC.strategiesD.consequences1.【答案】A【解析】句首作者提出疑问,“为什么人们会读互联网的负面评论和明显很让人伤心的其它事情呢?”随后作者给出答案,“因为人们都有_不确定性的内在需求”。A解决B
10、保护C讨论D忽视,根据动宾搭配关系,解决不确定性搭配合理。2.【答案】C【解析】本题考查动介词搭配。根据原文语境,需要选择一个动词和后面的“to”连用。A拒绝做.B等待做.C寻求,力求做.D后悔做.结合文意“人们要_满足他们的好奇心”来判断,正选为C寻求,力求做。3.【答案】D【解析】根据原文语境,“painful,uncertainty”均为消极词汇。4.【答案】C【解析】固定搭配考查。根据原文语境,考查短语_sbtosth意为“让某人承受某事”。因此,C选项为正选。5.【答案】B【解析】根据上文,第二段句首提到inaseriesoffourexperiments,说明是在“实验”的语境。结
11、合四个选项,A信息B实验C复习D观念,只有B选项和段落语境相符合。因此为正选。6.【答案】C【解析】动宾搭配。结合语境,“当点击的时候,一半的钢笔会_电流。”根据动宾搭配,本题需要一个动词来搭配电流,考查四个选项,A移除B削弱C传递D打扰A选项更符合语境。7.【答案】D【解析】时间状语的考查。结合语境,“_被独自留在房间,学生会.”,因此,这是一个非常明显的时间状语从句。正选为D.8.【答案】A【解析】动词辨析。结合原文语境,由who引导的定语从句修饰前面的学生,而在定语从句中,又出现由what引导的宾语从句。结合宾语从句的含义,“知道接下来会发生什么”更符合语境。9.【答案】B【解析】结合语
12、境,后面语境为并列关系,因此此题应填举例子。B为正选。 10.【答案】D【解析】Discover与上文中的Curiosity相对应。11.【答案】C【解析】本词与后文的Basicdrives的详细说明。与shelter一样都属于人类的基本需求。12.【答案】D【解析】破折号的内容是对前文instinct的解释。说明这种本能能够促进新的科学发展,属于因果关系。13.【答案】B【解析】跟前文的drives相对应。14.【答案】A【解析】本题与前文的backfire相对应,都属于贬义词。15.【答案】A【解析】从后文的试验中,参与者应该被鼓励参与,因此跟前文的坚持相对应。16.【答案】A【解析】通过
13、后文的after能看出这个事情并没有发生,因此填预测。17.【答案】B【解析】动宾搭配。18.【答案】C【解析】of引导的后置定语。由一个人的好奇心所带来的结果。19.【答案】A【解析】whether引导宾语从句。20.【答案】D【解析】关联对应,对应18题的outcome.SectionReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)T
14、ext1ItiscuriousthatStephenKoziatekfeelsalmostasthoughhehastojustifyhiseffortstogivehisstudentsabetterfuture.Mr.Koziatekispartofsomethingpioneering.HeisateacherataNewHampshirehighschoolwherelearningisnotsomethingofbooksandtestsandmechanicalmemorization,butpractical.Whendiditbecomeacceptedwisdomthatst
15、udentsshouldbeabletonamethe13thpresidentoftheUnitedStatesbutbeutterlyoverwhelmedbyabrokenbikechain?AsKoziatekknows,thereislearninginjustabouteverything.Nothingisnecessarilygainedbyforcingstudentstolearngeometryatagraffitieddeskstuckwithgenerationsofdiscardedchewinggum.Theycanalsolearngeometrybyassem
16、blingabicycle.Buthesalsofoundakindofinsidiousprejudice.Workingwithyourhandsisseenasalmostamarkofinferiority.Schoolsinthefamilyofvocationaleducation“havethatstereotype.thatitsforkidswhocantmakeitacademically,”hesays. Ononehand,thatviewpointisalogicalproductofAmericasevolution.Manufacturingisnottheeco
17、nomicenginethatitoncewas.ThejobsecuritythattheUSeconomyonceofferedtohighschoolgraduateshaslargelyevaporated.Moreeducationisthenewprinciple.Wewantmoreforourkids,andrigitfullyso.Buttheheadlongpushintobachelorsdegreesforall-andthesubtledevaluingofanythingless-missesanimportantpoint:Thatsnottheonlything
18、theAmericaneconomyneds.Yes,abachelorsdegreeopensmoredoors.Butevennow,54percentofthejobsinthecountryaremiddle-skilljobs,suchasconstructionandhigh-skillmanufacturing.Butonly44percentofworkersareadequatelytrained.Inotherwords,atatimewhentheworkingclasshasturnedthecountryonitspoliticalhead,frustratedtha
19、ttheopportunitythatoncedefinedAmericaisvanishing,oneobvioussolutionisstaringusintheface.Thereisagapinworking-classjobs,buttheworkerswhoneedthosejobsmostarentequippedtodothem.KoziateksManchesterSchoolofTechnologyHighSchoolistryingtofillthatgap.Koziateksschoolisawake-upcall.Wheneducationbecomesone-siz
20、e-fits-all,itrisksoverlookinganationsdiversiyofgifts.21.【题干】Abrokanbikechainismentionedtoshowstudentslackof_.A.mechanicalmemorizationB.academictrainingC.practicalabilityD.pioneeringspirit22.【题干】Thereexiststheprejudicethatvocationaleducationisforkidswho_.A.arefinanciallydisadvantagedB.arenotacademica
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