On individualism and collectivism英语论文.doc
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1、On individualism and collectivismAbstract: The idea of western individualism relies greatly on the geography, society and politics of ancient Greek. Greek is composed of islands and peninsulas scattered along the Aegean Sea, for which it forms open culture different from China that is inland. Like R
2、ick(Perikles, about B.C.495-B.C.429) delivered a distinguished speech in B.C.431 and pointed out that” The reason why our system is called democracy is that politics control lies in all the cities but not only the minority.” People call every man is the maser of his own life. This kind of ideology i
3、ndicating democracy and pursuing individual thought is the soul of western individualism.Key words: individualism, collectivism, society, economic.1 IntroductionFrom the perspective of the correlation and function of culture and control to inspect the foundational spirit and quality, we can find tha
4、t western culture (no matter either it is Britain and American culture or transmits the culture of counties of continental Europe.) can be boiled down to individualist culture. And Chinese culture and the culture of East Asia culture immersed by the essence of Confucian culture is communitarians cul
5、ture. 2 Research backgroundIn the modern times, the western world extends rapidly in the market economic order and takes the lead to enter modern society pushed by the technological revolution. Compared with western world, with thousands of years of continuous culture tradition, Chinas modern times
6、and modern is still trailing badly in science revolution, economic development, market spread and the improvement of the living standard of the people. There are four basic components, political democratization, economic commercialize, value diversification and social humanity. Modern times and mode
7、rn of China and western world are remarkably different, which prompt Chinese intellectuals, academic and the Sinology abroad introspect continuously about the soul of Chinese traditional culture. According to these, I will share my shallow understanding of collectivism and individualism.一,Individual
8、ism Individualism indicates the extent to which a society is a loosely knit social framework in which people are supposed to take care of only of themselves and their immediate families. There is more emphasis on “I” than on “we”. According to Hofstedes study of IBM, the U.S. ranked number 1 in indi
9、vidualism worldwide, followed by Australian, Great Britain, Canada and the Netherlands. However, obviously Chinese do have difficulty in understanding the concept of individualism. No matter consciously or unconsciously, Chinese reckon individualism equals to “selfishness” or “self-centeredness”, ev
10、en disdain to comprehend this concept. As this misunderstanding lasts for years, gradually we Chinese is used to preconception and the we ignore the fact, individualism does not come into being from the western culture until modern times, but “selfishness” or “self-centeredness” have been being sinc
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