历年六级真题翻译汇总(8页).doc
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1、-1、闻名于世的丝绸之路是一系列连接东西方的路线。丝绸之路延伸6,000多公里。得名于古代中国的丝绸贸易。丝绸之路上的贸易在中国、南亚、欧洲和中东文明发展中发挥了重要作用。正是通过丝绸之路,中国的造纸、火药、指南针、印刷等四大发明才被引介到世界各地。同样,中国的丝绸、茶叶和瓷器(porcelain)也传遍全球。物质文化的交流是双向的。欧洲也通过丝绸之路出口各种商品和植物,满足中国市场的需要。The world-renowned Silk Road is a series of routes connecting the East and the West. It extended more t
2、han 6,000 kilometers. The Silk Road was named after ancient Chinas silk trade which played an important role in the civilization development of China, South Asia, Europe and the Middle East. It was through the Silk Road that papermaking, gunpowder, compass and printing of the four great inventions o
3、f ancient China were introduced around the world. Similarly, Chinese silk, tea and porcelain spread all over the world. Europe also exported various goods and plants through the Silk Road to meet the needs of the Chinese market.2、中国园林是经过三千多年演变而成的独具一格的园林景观。它既包括为皇室成员享乐而建造的大型花园,也包括学者、商人和卸任的政府官员为摆脱嘈杂的外部
4、世界而建造的私家花园。这些花园构成了一种意在表达人与自然之间应有的和谐关系的微缩景观。典型的中国园林四周有围墙,园内有池塘、假山、树木、花草以及各种各样由蜿蜒的小路和走廊连接的建筑。漫步在花园中,人们可以看到一系列精心设计的景观犹如山水画卷一般展现在面前。After 3,000 years of evolvement, Chinese gardens have become a unique landscape. This includes both large gardens built as entertainment venues for royal family, and privat
5、e gardens built as secluded retreats for scholars, merchants and retired government officials. These gardens have constituted a miniature that is designed in praise of the harmony between man and nature. A typical Chinese garden is surrounded by walls and consists of various buildings linked by wind
6、ing trails and corridors, with ponds, rockeries, trees, and flowers scattered in it. Wandering in such a well-designed garden, people may feel that they are walking in a landscape painting.3、中国人自古以来就在中秋时节庆祝丰收,这与北美地区庆祝感恩节的习俗十分相似,过中秋节的习俗与唐代早期在中国各地开始流行,中秋节在农历八月十五,是人们拜月的节日,这天夜晚皓月当空,人们合家团聚,共赏明月。2006年,中秋节
7、被列为中国的文化遗产,2008年又被定为公共假日,月饼被视为中秋节不可或缺的美食,人们将月饼作为礼物馈赠亲友或在家庭聚会上享用。传统的月饼上带有“寿”(longevity)、“福”或“和”等字样。Since ancient times, the Chinese people usually celebrate harvest in the Mid-Autumn, which is similar to the custom of celebrating Thanksgiving in the North America. The tradition of celebrating Mid-Aut
8、umn festival became popular throughout China in the early Tang dynasty. The lunar August 15 is a day for people worshiping the moon. On this day, under the dazzling bright moon, families reunite and enjoy the moons beauty. In 2006, Mid-Autumn festival was listed as one of Chinas cultural heritage, a
9、nd in 2008, it was classified as a public holiday. Moon cakes, as indispensable delicious food of the festival, were gifts people sent to families and friends during the festival and usually eaten on family gatherings. There are characters of “longevity”, “good fortune” and “harmony” on the Traditio
10、nal moon cakes.4、北京计划未来三年投资7600亿元治理污染,从减少PM 2.5排放入手。这一新公布的计划旨在减少四种主要污染源,包括500万辆机动车的尾气排放、周边地区燃煤、来自北方的沙尘暴和本地的建筑灰尘,另外850亿元用于新建或升级城市垃圾处理和污水处理设施,加上300亿元投资未来三年的植树造林。 市政府还计划建造一批水循环利用工厂,并制止违章建筑,以改善环境。另外,北京还将更严厉地处罚违反减排规定的行为。Beijing is going to invest 760 billion yuan to curb environmental pollution in the ne
11、xt three years, starting from reducing the emissions of pm 2.5 emissions. The newly announced plan is intended to reduce the four major sources of pollution, including emissions of 5 million motor vehicles, coal-burning in surrounding areas, sandstorms from the north and construction dust in the loc
12、ality. Another 85 billion yuan is used for establishing or upgrading the facilities of municipal waste treatment and sewage treatment. Besides, 30 billion yuan invests to the afforestation program in the next three years. In order to improve the environment, the municipal government also plans to bu
13、ild a good number of plants which can use recycled water and to stop illegal construction. In addition, Beijing will punish those people who violate the regulations of emission-reduction more severely.5、中文热词通常反映社会变化和文化,有些在外国媒体上愈来愈流行。例如,土豪和大妈都是老词,但已获取了新的意义。 土豪以前指欺压佃户和仆人的乡村地主,现在用于指花钱如流水或喜欢炫耀财富的人,也就是说,
14、土豪有钱,但是没有品位。大妈是对中年妇女的称呼,但是现在特指不就前金价大跌时大量购买黄金的中国妇女。 土豪和大妈可能会被收入新版的牛津(Oxford)英语词典,至今约有120中文加进了牛津英语词典,成了英语语言的一部分。Chinese hot words are often a reflection of social changes and culture, some of which enjoy growing popularity among foreign media. Tuhao and dama, for instance, are both old words, but they
15、 have been given new meanings. Tuhao used to mean rural landlords who bullied and oppressed their tenants and servants, but now it refers to people who spend money without limits or those who show off their wealth around. In other words, tuhao are wealthy but tasteless. Dama, a form of address for m
16、iddle-aged women, is now used as a special word to describe Chinese women who purchased gold in bulk when the gold price decreased not long ago. The words, tuhao and dama, may be included in the new edition of Oxford English dictionary. Up to now, about 120 Chinese words have been added to the dicti
17、onary, becoming a part of English language.6、最近中国科学院出版了关于其最新科学发展与未来一年展望的年度系列报告。该报告包括三部分:科学发展报告,高技术发展报告,中国可持续战略报告。第一份报告包含中国科学家的最新发现,诸如新粒子研究与H7N9病毒研究的突破。该报告还突出强调了未来几年需要关注的问题。第二份报告公布了一些应用科学研究的热门领域,如3D打印和人造器官研究。第三份报告呼吁加强顶层设计,以消除工业升级中的结构性障碍,并促进节能减排。Recently Chinese Academy of Science published annual rep
18、ort on the latest scientific development and the expectations for the coming year in a series. The report is composed of three parts: scientific development report、high-tech development report and Chinese sustainable strategy report. The first report includes Chinese scientists recent discoveries, s
19、uch as the breakthrough in the research field of new particle and H7N9 virus. It also emphasizes the issues we need to pay attention in the next years. The second report announces some hot areas in applied scientific study, like 3D printing and artificial organ. The third report appeals to strengthe
20、n the top-level design so as to eliminate structural obstacle in industrial upgrading and promote energy-saving and emission-reduction.7、反映在艺术和文学中的乡村生活理想是中国文明的重要特征。这在很大程度上归功于道家对自然的感情。传统中国画有两个最受青睐的主题,一是家庭生活的各种幸福场景,画中往往有老人在下棋饮茶,男人在耕耘收割,妇女在织布缝衣,小孩在户外玩耍。另一个则是乡村生活的种种乐趣,画有渔夫在湖上打渔,农夫在山上砍柴采药,或是书生坐在松树下吟诗作画。这
21、两个主题可以分别代表儒家和道家的生活理想。The ideal country life reflected in art and literature is an important feature of Chinese culture, which is, to a large degree, attributed to the Taoists affection for nature. There are two favorite themes in traditional Chinese paintings. One depicts various happy scenes of fam
22、ily life, in which the seniors are drinking tea and playing chess, young men are sowing and reaping, women are weaving and sewing clothes, and children are playing outdoors. The other portrays all kinds of delights of country life, with fishermen fishing on the lake, farmers cutting firewood or gath
23、ering herbs on the hills, or scholars chanting poems or painting pictures while sitting under pine trees. These two themes can respectively represent the Confucian and Taoist ideal of life.8、中国将努力确保到2015年就业者接受过平均13.3年的教育。如果这一目标得以实现,今后大部分进入劳动力市场的人都需获得大学文凭。在未来几年,中国将着力增加职业学院的招生人数:除了关注高等教育外,还将寻找新的突破以确保教
24、育制度更加公平。中国正在努力最佳地利用教育资源,这样农村和欠发达地区将获得更多的支持。教育部还决定改善欠发达地区学生的营养,并为外来务工人员的子女提供在城市接受教育的同等机会。China will endeavor to ensure that employees will have received an average of 13.3 years of education by 2015. If this goal can be achieved, the majority of people entering the labor market will be required to ha
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