TED英语演讲稿:6个月学会一门外语.doc
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1、此资料由网络收集而来,如有侵权请告知上传者立即删除。资料共分享,我们负责传递知识。TED英语演讲稿:6个月学会一门外语简介:为什么有的人学了XX年的英语还是开不了口?而另一些人却能迅速掌握一门外语?上世纪80年代,语言学家chris lonsdale来到中国,仅用6个月的时间他就能说出流利的普通话。他是怎么做到的?一起来听听他的学习方法吧!have you ever held a question in mind for so long that it becomes part of how you think? maybe even part of who you are as a pers
2、on? well i’ve had a question in my mind for many, many years and that is: how can you speed up learning? now, this is an interesting question because if you speed up learning you can spend less time at school. and if you learn really fast, you probably wouldn’t have to go to school at al
3、l.now, when i was young, school was sort of okay but i found quite often that school got in the way of learning so i had this question in mind: how do you learn faster? and this began when i was very, very young, when i was about eleven years old i wrote a letter to researchers in the soviet union,
4、asking about hypnopaedia, this is sleep learning, where you get a tape recorder, you put it beside your bed and it turns on in the middle of the night when you’re sleeping, and you’re supposed to be learning from this.a good idea, unfortunately it doesn’t work. but, hypnopaedia did
5、 open the doors to research in other areas and we’ve had incredible discoveries about learning that began with that first question. i went on from there to become passionate about psychology and i have been involved in psychology in many ways for the rest of my life up until this point. in 198
6、1 i took myself to china and i decided that i was going to be native level in chinese inside two years.now, you need to understand that in 1981, everybody thought chinese was really, really difficult and that a westerner could study for ten years or more and never really get very good at it. and i a
7、lso went in with a different idea which was: taking all of the conclusions from psychological research up to that point and applying them to the learning process. what was really cool was that in six months i was fluent in mandarin chinese and took a little bit longer to get up to native. but i look
8、ed around and i saw all of these people from different countries struggling terribly with chinese, i saw chinese people struggling terribly to learn english and other languages, and so my question got refined down to: how can you help a normal adult learn a new language quickly, easily and effective
9、ly?now this a really, really important question in today’s world. we have massive challenges with environment we have massive challenges with social dislocation, with wars, all sorts of things going on and if we can’t communicate we’re really going to have difficulty solving these
10、problems. so we need to be able to speak each other’s languages, this is really, really important.the question then is how do you do that. well, it’s actually really easy. you look around for people who can already do it, you look for situations where it’s already working and then
11、you identify the principles and apply them. it’s called modelling and i’ve been looking at language learning and modelling language learning for about fifteen to twenty years now.and my conclusion, my observation from this is that any adult can learn a second language to fluency inside s
12、ix months. now when i say this, most people think i’m crazy, this is not possible. so let me remind everybody of the history of human progress, it’s all about expanding our limits.in 1950 everybody believed that running one mile in four minutes was impossible and then roger bannister did
13、 it in 1956 and from there it’s got shorter and shorter. 100 years ago everybody believed that heavy stuff doesn’t fly. except it does and we all know this. how does heavy stuff fly? we reorganise the materials using principles that we have learned from observing nature, birds in this ca
14、se. and today we’ve gone ever further, so you can fly a car. you can buy one of these for a couple hundred thousand us dollars. we now have cars in the world that can fly. and there’s a different way to fly that we’ve learned from squirrels. so all you need to do is copy what a fly
15、ing squirrel does, build a suit called a wing suit and off you go, you can fly like a squirrel.no, most people, a lot of people, i wouldn’t say everybody but a lot of people think they can’t draw. however there are some key principles, five principles that you can apply to learning to dr
16、aw and you can 2 actually learn to draw in five days. so, if you draw like this, you learn these principles for five days and apply them and after five days you can draw something like this. now i know this is true because that was my first drawing and after five days of applying these principles th
17、at was what i was able to do. and i looked at this and i went ‘wow,’ so that’s how i look like when i’m concentrating so intensely that my brain is exploding. so, anybody can learn to draw in five days and in the same way, with the same logic, anybody can learn a second langu
18、age in six months.how: there are five principles and seven actions. there may be a few more but these are absolutely core. and before i get into those i just want to talk about two myths, dispel two myths. the first is that you need talent. let me tell you about zoe. zoe came from australia, went to
19、 holland, was trying to learn dutch, struggling a great deal and finally people were saying: ‘you’re completely useless,’ ‘you’re not talented,’ ‘give up,’ ‘you’re a waste of time’ and she was very, very depressed. and then she came a
20、cross these five principles, she moved to brazil and she applied them and within six months she was fluent in portuguese, so talent doesn’t matter.people also think that immersion in a new country is the way to learn a language. but look around hong kong, look at all the westerners who’v
21、e been here for ten years, who don’t speak a word of chinese. look at all the chinese living in america, britain, australia, canada have been there ten, twenty year and they don’t speak any english. immersion per se doesn’t not work, why? because a drowning man cannot learn to swim
22、. when you don’t speak a language you’re like a baby and if you drop yourself into a context which is all adults talking about stuff over your head, you won’t learn.so, what are the five principles that you need to pay attention to; first: the four words, attention, meaning, releva
23、nce and memory, and these interconnect in very important ways. especially when you’re talking about learning. come with me on a journey through a forest. you go on a walk through a forest and you see something like this. little marks on a tree, maybe you pay attention, maybe you don’t. y
24、ou go another fifty metres and you see this. you should be paying attention. another fifty metres, if you haven’t been paying attention, you see this.and at this point, you’re paying attention. and you’ve just learned that this is important, it’s relevant because it means thi
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