2023年高考英语复习讲练测第14讲 阅读理解词义猜测题(测)(全国通用原卷版).docx
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1、2023年高考英语复习讲练测第14讲阅读理解词义精调题(蒲)时间:45分钟总分值:50分阅读理解(每题2分,共50分)A(2017全国高考真题)Julie boergers, Ph. D a sleep expert from the Bradley Hasbro Childrens Research Center, recently led a study connecting later school start times to improved sleep and mood in teens.Sleep deprivation is common among teenagers, wi
2、th potentially serious impacts on mental and physical health, safety and learning.Early high school start times contribute to this problem, said Boergers.In this study, we looked at whether a delay in school start time would change students sleep patterns, sleepiness, mood and caffeine(咖啡因)use.”Beor
3、gers team conducted the School Sleep Habits sun ey among boarding students attending an independent high school both before and after their school start time was experimentally delayed from 8 (o 8:25 a.in.during the winter term.The delay in school start time led to a significant increase (29 minutes
4、)in sleep duration on school nights, with the percentage of students receiving eight or more hours of sleep on a school night jumping from 18 to 44 percent The research found that younger students and those sleeping less at the start of the study were most likely to benefit from the timetable change
5、.Daylime sleepiness, low mood and caffeine use were all significantly reduced after the delay in school start time.The later school start time had no effect on the number of hours students spent doing homework, playing sports or taking part in activities outside class. And once the earlier start tim
6、e changed back during the spring term, teens re verted(恢复)back to their original levels.Beorgers said that these findings are important for public policy.The result of this study add to a growing body of research showing important health benefits of later school start times for adolescents, she said
7、, and we have students who are more alert(机敏的),happier, belter prepared to learn, and arent dependent on caffeine and energy drinks just to stay awake in class.What does the underlined phrase this problem in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Lack of sleep.B. Mental health.C. Students safety.D. Taking energy d
8、rinks.1. What happened when school start time was delayed?A. Students had less time playing sports.B. Young students became sleepier.C. More students slept longer.D. Students got a bad mood.2. Why is the study of later school start time importantIl helps form good habits.A. It relates to what studen
9、ts learn.B. It increases students learning interest.C. It may have an effect on a public policy.3. Where can we possibly read this type of article ?A. A science journal.B. A history book.C. A fashion magazine.D. A school yearbook.B(2013四川高考真题)Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head, acc
10、ording to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear al (he moment when (heir hearts arc contracting(收缩)and pumping blood around their bodies, compared
11、 with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed. Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event, depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical Sch
12、ool said: Our Study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart. The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces. Dr Garfinkel said, “Th
13、e study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed. Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we donH see and guide whether we see fbar.” lb further understand this relationship, the scientists also used a brain scanner(扫描彳文)to show how
14、the brain influences the way the heart changes a persons feeling of fear.“We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain speak lo each other to change our feelings and reduce fcar,n Dr Garfinkel said.“We hope thal by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and wa
15、ys that it could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders, and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder.”What is the finding of the study? A. Ones heart a fleets how he feels fear.B. Fear is a result of ones relaxed heartbeat.C. F
16、ear has something to do with ones health.D. Ones fast heartbeats are likely lo cause fear.4. The study was carried out by analyzing .A. volunteers heartbeats when they saw terrible picturesthe time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditionsB. volunteers reactions to horrible picture
17、s and data from their brain scansdifferent pictures shown to volunteers and their heart一brain communication5. Which of the following is closest in meaning to mechanism“ in Paragraph 6?A. Order.B. System.C. Machine.D. Treatment.6. This study may contribute to .A. treating anxiety and stress belter.B.
18、 explaining the cycle of fear and anxietyfinding the key to the heart-brain communicationC. understanding different fears in our hearts and headsC(2013山东高考真题)Sparrow is a fast-food chain with 200 restaurants. Some years ago, the group to which Sparrow belonged was taken over by another company. Alth
19、ough Sparrow showed no sign of declining, the chain was generally in an unhealthy state. With more and more fast-food concepts reaching the market, the Sparrow menu had to struggle fbr attention. And to make matters worse, its new owner had no plans to give it the funds it required.Sparrow failed to
20、 grow for another two years. Until a new CEO, Carl Pearson, decided to build up its market share. He did a survey, which showed that consumers who already used Sparrow restaurants were extremely positive about the chain, while customers of other fast-food chains were unwilling to turn away from them
21、. Sparrow had (o develop a new promotional campaign.Pearson faced a battle over the fiiturc of the Sparrow brand. The chains owner now favored rebranding Sparrow as Marcys restaurants. Pearson resisted, arguing fbr an advertising campaign designed to convince customers that visits to Sparrow restaur
22、ants were fun. Such an attempt to establish a positive relationship between a company and the general public was unusual for that time. Pearson strongly believed that numbers were the key to success, rather than customers speeding power. Finally, the owner accepted his idea.The campaign itself chang
23、ed the traditional advertising style of the fast-food industry. The TV ads of Sparrow focused on entertainment and featured original songs performed by a variety of stars, instead of showing the superiority of a specific product, the intention was to put Sparrow in the hearts of potential customers.
24、Pearson also made other decisions which he believed would contribute to the new Sparrow image. For example, he offered to lower the rent of any restaurants which achieved a certain increase in their turnover (营业 额).These efforts paid off, and Sparrow soon became one of the most successful fast-food
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