浅析发达国家对中小企业融资的政策扶持-商务英语.doc
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1、毕业设计(论文)说明书题目:The Supporting Policies of Developed Countries on the Financing of Small and Medium Enterprises浅析发达国家对中小企业融资的政策扶持系 名 文学与法学系 专 业 商务英语专业 学 号 6015206177 学生姓名 李曦雯 指导教师 姚立佳 2019年 6月12日AbstractSmall and medium-sized enterprises are not only an important part of the national economy and play
2、a strategic role in the economic development of China but also in other countries around the world. Economists all over the world generally believe that small and medium-sized enterprises will be the main driving force of economic development in the century. Viewed from a certain angle we can see th
3、at the process of world economic development, many small and medium-sized enterprises around the world have exposed some deep-seated problems in their growth. What surprised us is that the technological level is backward, the labor productivity is low, and the market competitiveness is relatively we
4、ak. Governments have adopted a series of fiscal and other supporting policies to promote the growth and development of small and medium-sized enterprises in their country. In the process of growth and development of small and medium-sized enterprises in China, due to internal factors of small and me
5、dium-sized enterprises, as well as the external environment of “market failure”, there are still many restrictive factors in the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. As Chinas financial policy which support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises is not perfect and there
6、are few research results on supporting the financial policy system of small and medium-sized enterprises, it is theoretical and practical significance in the new period to study and explore the regularity of the development mechanism of small and medium-sized enterprises in our country and to quote
7、foreign advanced financial policies to promote their healthy growth. Based on the advanced experience of foreign countries and the specific national conditions of our country, this paper puts forward the overall framework of fiscal policy to support the development of small and medium-sized enterpri
8、ses in China. It provides theoretical guidance for perfecting the current financial policy of small and medium-sized enterprises in our country,and makes these policy suggestions have certain practical reference value.Key words: Small and medium-sized enterprises; Supporting Policy; Foreign Governme
9、ntOutlineThesis Statement: The Supporting Policies of Developed Countries on the Financing of Small and Medium Enterprises. Introduction to the Small and Medium-sized Enterprises and Their FinancingA. Basic Concepts B. The Roles of Small and Medium-sized Enterprise in Social and Economic Development
10、 C. The Financing Patterns of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises. The Causes of the Enterprises Financing Predicament A. The Enterprises Own Deficiencies 1. Lack of Management System 2. Lack of Financial Regulations3. Lack of Credit SystemB. Defective Supporting Policies of the Government 1. Lack of
11、 Laws on Credit Guarantee 2. Lack of Clear and Legal Basis Between EnterprisesIII. Successful Supporting Policies of Developed CountriesA. Supporting Policies of the United StatesB. Supporting Policies of GermanyC. Supporting Policies of JapanD. Supporting Policies of KoreaIV. Enlightenment of Forei
12、gn Governments Supporting Policies for Small and Medium-sized EnterprisesA. Market-based Support ModeB. Improve Relevant Supervision SystemC. Supporting Policy for Science, Technology, Innovation and EmploymentV. Conclusion天津大学仁爱学院2015届本科生毕业设计(论文)The Supporting Policies of Developed Countries on the
13、 Financing of Small and Medium Enterprises. Introduction to the Small and Medium-sized Enterprises and TheirFinancingA. Basic Concepts As the standard of division of small and medium-sized enterprises is constantly changing, the relevant departments had been adjusted the concept of small and medium-
14、sized enterprise for six times. Each adjustment not only helped people to recognize the main character of small and medium-sized enterprises but also laid a solid foundation for the specific criterion. From the initial division that based on the number of workers to the latest partition that is more
15、 comprehensive, we can see that the advancement of our national economy. Besides, we also find the diversity and complexity of small and medium-sized enterprises in our nation, which coincide with Chinese economic development climate that changes from central planning to market economy. Therefore, t
16、he criterion of small and medium-sized enterprises should be enhanced. In recent years, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology the National Bureau of Statistics, the National Development and Reform Commission, and the Ministry of Finance have studied and published the Regulations on the
17、 Standardization of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises. Owing to the fact that our specific national condition, the market economy is still undeveloped, so that the division of small and medium- sized enterprises that based on industry s sub-division will be more understandable and reasonable. On th
18、e other hand, figures released by the relevant institution tell that according to the number of employees or the sales or the total amount of assets small and medium-sized enterprises in our country are the cornerstone of the national economy and social development, which absorb 3/4 of the industria
19、l labor force, solving the massive labor force both from urban and rural. Thats why people consider the small and medium-sized enterprises as the backbone for national economy and social development. Apart from certain industry, such as construction business, mining industry, other industries will n
20、o longer need to be listed. As result, numerous enterprises meet the standards and be consider as small and medium-sized enterprises. B. The Roles of Small and Medium-sized Enterprise in Social and Economic DevelopmentThe number of small and medium- sized enterprises is dominant, so that whether in
21、the developed and developing country, the statue of small and medium-sized enterprises is very important. Evidently, with the rapid advancement of peoples income, the total contribution rate of employment of small and medium-sized enterprise is expected to soar. According to the associated statistic
22、, the rate in developing countries is about 17.5% and 57.25% in the developed counties. Furthermore, the total contribution rate of GDP is also increasing, which is 15.56% in developing countries and 51.54% in developed countries.In 1958, Stiegler published “economies of scale”, putting forward the
23、concept of optimal size of an enterprise, denying the view that the larger the enterprise is, the more efficient it is. Via empirical research, Stiegler points out that if all enterprises in an industry use the same resources, the long-term cost curve is only the lowest point, which means that there
24、 is only one scale of output is economic. As a matter of fact, however, the resources that owned by the enterprise cannot either be homogeneous, nor can the efficiency of resource utilization be identical, so that the topgallant size is not the only one. Therefore, Steigler points out that the size
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