英语翻译-习语的翻译.ppt
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1、 译翻的语习Main contentsThe definition of idiomsThe similarities between Chinese and English idioms 理学院:The definition of IdiomsAccording to Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary of Current English,an“idiom refers to“a phrase or sentence whose meaning is not clear from the meaning of its individual words a
2、nd which must be learnt as a whole unit”.English idioms mainly include set phrases or expressions,colloquialism(俗语),proverbs(谚语)and slangs(俚语).The similarities between Chinese and English idiomsBoth China and Britain have a long-time history,ancient civilization and glorious culture.Both the two cou
3、ntries have the similar experience and thought.During the communication of the two countries,cultures are interacting.This made some idioms have the same or similar culture characteristicTherefore,the idioms are corresponding no matter in meaning,image cultural flavor.In such condition,we could use
4、the source language to translate the target language directly.ExamplesFailure is the mother of success.失败乃成功之母失败乃成功之母 Misfortunes never come singly.祸不单行祸不单行 A wolf in sheeps clothing.披着羊皮的狼披着羊皮的狼 Pour oil on fire.火上浇油火上浇油 Constant dropping wears the stone.水滴石穿水滴石穿 to turn ones boat 破釜沉舟bull market 牛
5、市bear market 熊市easy come,easy go来得容易,去得快 All these show the similarities between the two cultures.When do translating,we can translate directly.Cultural Differences Reflected by Chinese and English Idioms 理学院Main contentsDifferent Living EnvironmentsDifferent Social Customs Different Religions and B
6、elieves Different Historic Allusion 1 Different Living Environmentsa sea of troubles 无尽的烦恼at sea 不知所措 All these idioms have no relation with sea when they are translated into Chinese.follow the vine to get the melon 顺藤摸瓜 2 Different Social CustomsThere are many differences in social customs between
7、Chinese and English languages.The most obvious one is the attitudes towards dogs.gang of scoundrels 猴朋狗友act as a snob 狗眼看人低luck dog 幸运儿love me,love my dog 爱屋及乌3 Different Religions and Believes It is known that most westerners are Christians.So a lot of idioms about itGod helps those who help themse
8、lves 自助者天助 God sends fortune to fools 傻人有傻福However,in China,there are many idioms from Buddhism.As Buddha needs incense,so man needs respect 佛靠一炷香 人靠一口气Present Buddha with borrowed flowers 借花献佛4 Different Historic Allusion There are some differences in historic allusion between Chinese and Western c
9、ulture.Pandoras box It not refer to a box,it means the root of disaster,trouble and evil.If we dont know the differences and translate directly,we will make a joke.And the readers will be puzzled.英语习语翻译 意译法IndexDefinition1Keys 2Definition Free translation is a skill in translation.Translators should
10、 first comprehend the original thoroughly,then translate it correctly by target language,and acceptability comprehend the original thoroughly is on the basis of extensive knowledge and excellent literature training.Keyse.g.The dog that will fetch a bone will carry a bone.译文:对你说别人的坏话的人,也会说你的坏话 e.g.sm
11、ell a rat 译文:怀疑其中有诈 e.g.fight the cat and dog 译文:吵吵闹闹1 1It need not pay more attention to the form of the original and the details.keyse.g.a blessing in disguise 译文1:塞翁失马,焉知非福 译文2:祸中得福 e.g.two heads are better than one 译文1:三个臭皮匠,顶个诸葛亮 译文2:一个不及两人智 2 2Free translation should accord with target languag
12、e culture and customs Keys e.g.Achilles heel 译文1:阿克勒斯的脚后跟 译文2:惟一致命的弱点e.g.laugh off ones head 译文1:笑掉大牙 (看笑话)译文2:笑的很夸张(beyond reasonable limits)3 3Extensive knowledge and culture of both source language and target languageLiteral translationDefinition:Literal translation,refers to translate a sentence
13、 originally,keep the original message form,including construction of sentences,meaning of the original words,metaphor of the original and so on.Literal translation in English idioms:vIt is estimated that there is about 70%translation use the literal approach.The majority of English idioms can be lit
14、erally translated.Examples of literal translation:Practice makes perfect.“熟能生巧”Strike while the iron is hot.“趁热打铁”All roads lead to Rome.“条条大路通罗马”Example is better than precept.“身教胜于言传”Every life has its roses and thorns.“人生道路上有鲜花也有荆棘”Attentions!vLiteral translation word for word translation.vBlind
15、pursuit of literal translation will lead to mistranslation.vDont be bound hand and foot by the source language syntax.vThe specific meaning of idioms is according to the idioms occasions,conditions and patterns.vComplement literal translation and free translation.习语的翻译注释法What is annotationThe classi
16、fication of annotationCONTENTSWhat is annotation Annotation is a kind of translation method being used when you are in the face of some idioms withliterary quotation so that you have to comment on its culture background for the sake of retaining the national feature and local character of the idioms
17、.Usually speaking,we use it in the following two ba-sic forms instead of using annotation alone:Literal translation+notes Free translation+notes annotationThe classification of annotationLiteral translation+notes Through literal translation,readers can catch the culture information easily,but it wil
18、l be difficult for t-hem to understand the deeply meaning of those id-ioms exactly without the help of notes.Therefore,literal translation with notes can not only provide you with literary quotation,resources and complementary material,it also enhances the idioms acceptability as well as its origina
19、l flavor.1.“难道这也是个痴丫头,又象颦儿来葬花难道这也是个痴丫头,又象颦儿来葬花不成不成?”因又自笑道:因又自笑道:“若真也葬花若真也葬花,可谓可谓东施效颦了;不但不为新奇了;不但不为新奇,而是更是可厌。而是更是可厌。”(红楼梦红楼梦)“Can this be another absurd maid come to bury flowers like Daiyu?”he wondered in some amusement.”If so,shes Dong Shi imitating Xi Shi,which isnt original but rather tiresome Do
20、ng Shi was a famous beauty in the ancient Kingdom of Yueh.Xi Shi was an ugly girl who tried to imitate her ways.Literal translation+notes2.鲍小姐鲍小姐秀色可餐秀色可餐,你看饱了不用吃,你看饱了不用吃饭了。饭了。(围城围城)Miss Baos beauty is such a feast to the eye,and you got your fill just looking at her and didnt have to eat.Literally,b
21、eautiful enough to be eaten.Literal translation+notes3.As American as apple pie.像苹果派一样是典型美国式的。像苹果派一样是典型美国式的。(注:苹果馅饼是美国人喜欢注:苹果馅饼是美国人喜欢的甜品之一,据说是美国人发的甜品之一,据说是美国人发明的,因此这个短语用来强调明的,因此这个短语用来强调某种东西是真正美国式的。某种东西是真正美国式的。)Literal translation+notesFree translation+notes Sometimes it is not so effective to convey
22、 the cultural identity of some idioms that it is necessary to add notes on annotation.1.心较比干多一窍心较比干多一窍,病如西子胜三分病如西子胜三分。(红楼梦红楼梦)She looked more sensitive than Bi Gan1,more delicate than Xi Shi2.1A prince noted for his great intelligence at the end of the Shang Dynasty.2A famous beauty of the ancient k
23、ingdom of Yueh.Free translation+notes 2.The team met its Waterloo in the final.该球队在决赛中惨遭失该球队在决赛中惨遭失败。败。(注(注:Waterloo滑滑铁卢铁卢,比利时城镇比利时城镇,1815年拿破仑的军队在此惨年拿破仑的军队在此惨遭失败。遭失败。)Free translation+notes 3.Its like robbing Peter to pay Paul.(Fargo)借债还债,相近的还有拆借债还债,相近的还有拆东墙补西墙,剜肉补疮等。(注东墙补西墙,剜肉补疮等。(注:Peter和和Paul都是耶稣
24、的使徒都是耶稣的使徒,16世纪时英国世纪时英国威士敏斯特教区尊奉彼得为保护神威士敏斯特教区尊奉彼得为保护神,而而伦敦教区尊奉保罗为保护圣徒。伦敦教区尊奉保罗为保护圣徒。1550年威士敏斯特教区并入伦敦教区,原圣年威士敏斯特教区并入伦敦教区,原圣彼得教堂的许多财物被拨归圣保罗大教彼得教堂的许多财物被拨归圣保罗大教堂作修缮使用。这一做法当时人们用堂作修缮使用。这一做法当时人们用rob Peter to pay Paul一语来形容一语来形容,后后人们用该语来比喻人们用该语来比喻“借债还债借债还债”)。)。Free translation+notes还原法还原法(Reduction method)Co
25、llege of Computer ScienceGong Wenqin计算机学院计算机学院龚文琴龚文琴还原法还原法(Reduction method)Definition:Actually,“Reduction method”is an unusual translation method when traditional translation method is useless.The“Reduction method”use a method which diluted the original language by means of color to exchange betwee
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