固体废弃物英文.pptx
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1、First of all,lets look at a group of pictures.第1页/共17页DefinitionDefinitionClassificationClassificationPollutionPollutionSolid waste treatmentSolid waste treatmentSolid waste recycling value Solid waste recycling value Solid wasteSolid waste第2页/共17页DefinitionSolid waste is refers to the humanity in p
2、roduction,consumption,life and other activities and causing solid,semi-solid abandoned materials(the definition of abroad is even more widely,animal activity of the waste also belong to such),popularly says,is to junk。Mainly includes solid particles,garbage,slag,sludge,waste products,damaged the ves
3、sels,imperfection,animal carcasses,metamorphic food,human and livestock waste,etc.Some countries of the extractant,waste alkali,waste oil,waste organic solvents and other high levels of liquid is also referred to as the solid waste.固体废弃物是指人类在生产、消费、生活和其他活动中产生的固态、半固态废弃物质(国外的定义则更加广泛,动物活动产生的废弃物也属于此类),通俗
4、地说,就是“垃圾”。主要包括固体颗粒、垃圾、炉渣、污泥、废弃的制品、破损器皿、残次品、动物尸体、变质食品、人畜粪便等。有些国家把废酸、废碱、废油、废有机溶剂等高浓度的液体也归为固体废弃物。第3页/共17页Classification1 City life waste2 Industrial solid waste3 Agricultural waste alsoAccording to the composition can be divided According to the composition can be divided into organic waste and inorgan
5、ic waste;According into organic waste and inorganic waste;According to the form can be divided into solid waste,half to the form can be divided into solid waste,half solid waste and liquid(gas)waste;According to the solid waste and liquid(gas)waste;According to the pollution features can be divided
6、into hazardous pollution features can be divided into hazardous waste and general waste,etc.In the prevention and waste and general waste,etc.In the prevention and control of environmental pollution by solid waste control of environmental pollution by solid waste will be divided into city solid wast
7、e,industrial solid will be divided into city solid waste,industrial solid waste and hazardous waste.waste and hazardous waste.According to the source of the solid waste According to the source of the solid waste usually divided into city life solid waste,the usually divided into city life solid wast
8、e,the industrial solid wastes and agricultural wastes.industrial solid wastes and agricultural wastes.按其组成可分为有机废物和无机废物;按其形态可分为固态的废物、半固态的废物和液态(气态)废物;按其污染特性可分为有害废物和一般废物等。在固体废弃物污染环境防治法中将其分为城市固体废弃物、工业固体废物和有害废物。通常按照固体废弃物的来源分为城市生活固体废弃物、工业固体废弃物和农业废弃物。第4页/共17页1 City life wasteCity life solid waste is mainly
9、 refers to the City life solid waste is mainly refers to the urban everyday life or services provided to urban urban everyday life or services provided to urban everyday life activities of solid waste generated,everyday life activities of solid waste generated,namely of urban living garbage,mainly i
10、ncluding namely of urban living garbage,mainly including residents living garbage,hospital rubbish,residents living garbage,hospital rubbish,commercial garbage,construction waste(also commercial garbage,construction waste(also called waste).Generally speaking,the city of the called waste).Generally
11、speaking,the city of the garbage quantity per person a day for 1-2 garbage quantity per person a day for 1-2 kilograms,the amount and composition and kilograms,the amount and composition and residents material life level,habits and waste residents material life level,habits and waste materials recyc
12、ling degree,municipal construction materials recycling degree,municipal construction situation and so on.Such as domestic waste situation and so on.Such as domestic waste mainly for the kitchen waste.mainly for the kitchen waste.城市生活固体废弃物主要是指在城市日常生活中或者为城市日常生活提供服务的活动中产生的固体废弃物,即城市生活垃圾,主要包括居民生活垃圾、医院垃圾、
13、商业垃圾、建筑垃圾(又称渣土)。一般来说,城市每人每天的增圾量为12公斤,其多寡及成分与居民物质生活水平、习惯、废旧物资回收利用程度、市政建筑情况等有关。如国内的垃圾主要为厨房垃圾。第5页/共17页2 Industrial solid wasteIt is to point to in the industry,transportation etc from production activities of mining waste stone,tailing,fuel waste residues,chemical production and smelting slag and solid
14、 waste,and says the industry waste or industrial waste.Industrial solid waste according to its source and physical properties general can be divided into six types.And in accordance with the waste residue of toxic and can be divided into two types of toxic waste and non-toxic,containing fluorine,and
15、 all hg,as and chromium,lead,cyanide,etc and compounds and phenol,radioactive substances are toxic waste residue.工业固体废物是指在工业、交通等生产活动中产生的采矿废石、选矿尾矿、燃料废渣、化工生产及冶炼废渣等固体废物,又称工业废渣或工业垃圾。工业固体废物按照其来源及物理性状大体可分为六类。而依废渣的毒性又可分为有毒与无毒废渣两类,凡含有氟、汞、砷、铬、铅、氰等及其化合物和酚、放射性物质的均有毒废渣。第6页/共17页3 Agricultural waste alsoAgricultu
16、ral waste also called agricultural waste,mainly from waste and plants of straw.农业废弃物也称为农业垃圾,主要来自粪便以及植物秸秆类。第7页/共17页PollutionUntreated factory waste and living garbage open air are simple,take the land,destroys the landscape,the harmful ingredients and waste air spread through wind and rain,through in
17、to the soil and underground water source,the polluted river,this process is solid waste pollution.未经处理的工厂废物和生活垃圾简单露天堆放,占用土地,破坏景观,而且废物中的有害成份通过刮风进行空气传播,经过下雨侵入土壤和地下水源、污染河流,这个过程就是固体废弃物污染。1 Polluted water 2 Atmospheric pollution 3 Contaminated soil 4 Occupy land 第8页/共17页Solid waste harmless treatment wit
18、hout Solid waste harmless treatment without piles up at will,will with the natural rainfall and piles up at will,will with the natural rainfall and surface runoff into rivers,lakes,long-term surface runoff into rivers,lakes,long-term deposition,make the water,the harmful deposition,make the water,th
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