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1、2020 届单元训练金卷高三英语卷(A) 英语 7+英语 8 综合测试第第二二部部分分阅阅读读理理解解 (共共两两节节,满满分分 40 分分)第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 30 分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAllegra Ford Thomas Scholarship$2,500 awards available:1The Allegra Ford Thomas Scholarship is a $2,500 one-time scholarship. Applicants must:Be a gradu
2、ating high school senior with a documented learning disability who will be enrolled(招收) in a two-year community college, a training program, or a specialized program for students with learning disability in the fall;Demonstrate(证明) financial need;Provide most current documentation of an identified l
3、earning disability(Please note: attention-deficit(注意力缺乏症)/hyperactivity disorder(多动症) alone is not considered to be a learning disability; candidates with AD/HD must also provide documentation of a specific learning disability);Be a United States citizen.Contact: afscholarshipncld.orgTel:646-616-121
4、1Marion Huber Learning Through Listening(LTL) Scholarship$6,000 or $2,000 awards available: 6The awards are presented to those who are high school seniors with learning disabilities, in recognition of academic achievement, outstanding leadership, and service to others. The awards are given to six st
5、udents who are chosen by a selection committee every year. The three top winners will get $6,000 each and the other three winners $2,000 each.Contact: naalearningally.orgTel: 800-241-4792Joe Hornsby Scholarship$2,000 awards available: 4The scholarship will focus specifically on students who have spe
6、cial needs because of physical disabilities and want to further their education at a college/university or trade school. Applicants must:Be a graduating senior of a high school in Mesquite Independent School District;Be planning to attend or be enrolled in an undergraduate program at a college, univ
7、ersity or technical training program;Have had at least a “C” average during high school(2.0 GPA)Contact:scholarshipdallasfoundation.orgTel: 214-741-9683WSAJ Past Presidents, Scholarship$7,500 awards available: 2Applicants must be high school seniors who have a history of achievement despite having b
8、een a victim of injury or overcoming a disability or similar challenge, and a documented need for financial assistance. They must also have a record of commitment to helping people in need or protecting the rights of injured persons and a plan to apply their education toward helping people. The scho
9、larship is only open to students of Washington.Contact: antawashingtonjustice.orgTel: 214-741-986321. What do the four scholarships have in common?A. They are available every year.B. They are given to four students.C. They are for disabled senior high schoolers.D. They are open to students all over
10、the world.22. To know more about Joe Hornsby Scholarship, which number should you call?A. 214-741-9863B. 646-616-1211C. 800-241-4792D. 214-741-968323. To get the highest award, which scholarship should a student apply for?A. Joe Hornsby ScholarshipB. Marion Huber LTL ScholarshipC. Allegra Ford Thoma
11、s ScholarshipD. WSAJ Past Presidents, Scholarship.【答案】21-23 CDD【解析】本文属于应用文,介绍了四个面向残疾学生的奖学金以及申请条件。21.推理判断题。根据第一个奖学金部分 Be a graduating high school senior with a documented learning disability 和第二个 The awards are presented to those who are high school seniors with learning disabilities 以及第三个 The schola
12、rship will focus specifically on students who have special needs because of physical disabilities 还有第四个 Applicants must be high school seniors who have a history of achievement despite having been a victim of injury or overcoming a disability or similar challenge 可知,这四个奖学金的对象都是患有学习障碍或者身体残疾的学生,故选 C。2
13、2.细节理解题。根据第三个奖学金部分 Tel: 214-741-9683 可知,本题答案为 D。23.最后一个奖学金部分 WSAJ Past Presidents. Scholarship, $7,500 awards available: 2 可知,该奖学金的金额最高为 7500 美金,故答案为 D。BImagine making your own bicycle. You can do it at the Bamboo Bike Studio in New York City. The people who work at the studio teach customers how to
14、 build their own bikes from bamboo. “Bamboo is very user-friendly,” says Marty Odlin, one of the studios owners. “Theres no way that a non-expert could build a steel bike within a weekend. But with bamboo, its possible.”The Bamboo Bike Studio is also helping set up factories in Ghana, a country in w
15、estern Africa. The factories will produce inexpensive bamboo bikes in large numbers. If that is successful, it might mean new jobs and inexpensive transportation for the people of that country.Bamboo bikes are a natural fit in Ghana because bamboo grows everywhere throughout the country. It also gro
16、ws in many places in the United States. Bamboo is one of the fastest-growing plants in the world. It can grow up to 40 inches in a single day. And bamboo has qualities that make it as good as steel for building a durable, comfortable vehicle. A bamboo bike, says Odlin, is “the perfect everyday bike”
17、.In Ghana, bikes are in high demand. Few people have enough money to afford a car, so bikes are used to transport most of the countrys food and material goods. The people of Ghana are also too poor to buy traditional steel bikes. But producing bicycles from bamboo is a good alternative.Back in New Y
18、ork, Odlin has helped customers aged 12 to 70 build bamboo bikes. It takes about a weekend to learn how to put one together. Odlin says he also wants his customers to develop a new respect for what they own. “It requires patience to build these bikes,” he says. “It causes people to appreciate the pr
19、oducts. In America, we have too much stuff, so we dont appreciate what we have.”24. We can learn from the first paragraph that _.A. bamboo bikes are more popular than steel bikesB. bamboo bikes are easy to buildC. customers can choose an expert for themselves at the studioD. customers are not likely
20、 to build a bamboo bike on their own within a weekend25. Which of the following is a benefit that bamboo bike factories can bring to Ghana?A. More job opportunities.B. More bamboo farms.C. Fewer traffic problems.D. Less competition from foreigners.26. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?A. The advantag
21、es of bamboo bikes.B. Good qualities of bamboo.C. How to help people in Ghana.D. Why producing bamboo bikes is a good idea for Ghana.27. According to Odlin, _.A. it is more meaningful to use bamboo bikes in America than in GhanaB. the bamboo bike factories in Ghana need more support from American pe
22、opleC. American people are expected to learn a lesson from building bamboo bikesD. American people should contribute what they dont need to poor countries【答案】24-27 BADC【解析】你听说过竹制自行车吗?它们既时髦又有意义。24.推理判断题。从第一段的“Bamboo is very user-friendly,” says Marty Odlin, one of the studios owners. “Theres no way t
23、hat a non-expert could build a steel bike within a weekend. But with bamboo, its possible.”可知 B 项正确。25.细节理解题。从第二段的“If that is successful, it might mean new jobs and inexpensive transportation for the people of that country.”可知答案。26.段落大意题。通读可知第四段主要是在解释为什么生产竹制自行车对加纳来说是个好主意。27.推理判断题。从最后一段“Odlin says he
24、 also wants his customers to develop a new respect for what they own.”及后面的内容可知 C 项正确。CThe works of Shakespeare and Wordsworth are “rocket-boosters(火箭助推器)” to the brain and better therapy than self-help books, researchers will say this week.Scientists, psychologists(心理学家) and English academics at Liv
25、erpool University have found that reading the works of the Bard and other classical writers has a beneficial effect on the mind, catches the readers attention and causes moments of self-reflection.Using scanners(扫描仪), they monitored the brain activity of volunteers as they read works by William Shak
26、espeare, William Wordsworth, T.S Eliot and others.They then “translated” the texts into more “straightforward”, modern language and again monitored the readers brains as they read the words.Scans showed that the more “challenging” prose(散文) and poetry set off far more electrical activity in the brai
27、n than the more pedestrian(通俗化的) versions.Scientists were able to study the brain activity as it responded to each word and record how it “lit up” as the readers encountered unusual words, surprising phrases or difficult sentence structure.This “lighting up” of the mind lasts longer than the initial
28、 electrical spark, shifting the brain to a higher gear, encouraging further reading.The research also found that reading poetry, in particular, increased activity in the right hemisphere(半球) of the brain, an area concerned with “autobiographical memory”, helping the reader to reflect on and reapprai
29、se their own experiences in light of what they have read. The academics said this meant the classics were more useful than self-help books.Philip Davis, an English professor who has worked on the study with the universitys magnetic resonance centre, will tell a conference this week: Serious literatu
30、re acts like a rocket-booster to the brain.The research shows the power of literature to shift mental pathways, to create new thoughts, shapes and connections in the young and the elderly alike.28. How do classics such as Shakespeare and Wordsworth benefit the readers?A. They set off far less electr
31、ical activity in the brain.B. They light up the mind shorter than the initial electrical spark.C. They shift physical pathways in the young and the elderly.D. They draw readers attention and help make self-examination.29. Why do they “translate” the texts into more “straightforward”, modern language
32、?A. To prove that classics are more useful than ordinary versions.B. To show self-help books act like rocket-boosters to the brain.C. To tell serious literature sets off far less electrical activity.D. To make known ordinary versions set off more electrical activity.30. What does the underlined word
33、 “encountered” probably mean in the passage?A. found outB. met withC. learned aboutD. knew about31. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Ordinary Versions Create New ThoughtsB. Modern Language Increases the BrainC. Classics Help Improve the Brain ActivityD. Self-help Boo
34、ks, Rocket-boosters【答案】28-31 DABC【解析】本文通过实验证明,阅读名著使读者大脑更活跃。28.细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句.has a beneficial effect on the mind, catches the readers attention and causes moments of self-reflection 可知,读者通过阅读莎士比亚的著作,能够自我反思,从中受益。29.细节理解题。根据第五段 Scans showed that the more “challenging” prose(散文) and poetry set off far
35、 more electrical activity in the brain than the more pedestrian(通俗化的) versions 可知,实验证明,阅读莎士比亚具有难度的散文、诗歌,读者的脑电波会更活跃。30.词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句子语境可知,该词意为遇到。31.主旨大意题。本文主要讲了阅读名著使读者大脑更活跃。DOne day when some government officials were rebuilding a barn, they found a mouse hole in a corner and used smoke to make the
36、mice inside the hole come out. A while later they saw mice running out, one after another. Then, everyone thought that all the mice had run away. But they saw two mice squeezing out at the mouth of the hole. They did their best to get out. However, it was strange that after they came out of the hole
37、, they did not run away immediately. Instead, one ran after the other near the mouth of the hole. It seemed that one was trying to bite the tail of the other one.Everyone was puzzled, so they came nearer to take a look. They realized that one of the mice was blind, and the other was trying to allow
38、the blind mouse to bite his tail so that he could pull the blind one with him to run away.During the meal time, the group of people sat down in a circle and started to talk about the two mice. One serious American official said, “I think the relationship between those two mice was that of king and g
39、uard.”A smart French said, “I think the relationship between those two mice was that of husband and wife.”A Japanese said, “I think the relationship between those two mice was that of mother and son.”At that moment, one Chinese asked, “Why did those two mice have a certain relationship?”Suddenly, th
40、e group looked back at the Chinese. The American official, the French and the Japanese who had spoken earlier all lowered their heads in shame, and did not answer.In fact, the true love is not built on friendship or blood relationship. Instead, it is based on no relationship.32. The two mice didnt g
41、o away immediately because _.A. one was playing with the otherB. one was trying to help the blind oneC. they were not afraid of smokeD. the mouth of the hole was too small33. All the officials felt _ when they saw the two mice.A. sadB. nervousC. surprisedD. happy34. Which of the following is NOT tru
42、e?A. There were many mice in the mouse hole.B. After the meal the officials began to talk about the two mice.C. All the officials felt shamed when hearing the Chineses words.D. The government officials came from different countries.35. What is true love based on?A. FriendshipB. blood relationshipC.
43、family D.no relationship【答案】32-35 BCBD【解析】本文是一篇记叙文,通过两只老鼠的故事讲述了一个道理:真正的爱不是建立在友谊或血缘关系之上的,而是建立在没有任何关系的人们之间,这才是大爱。32.细节理解题。从文章第二段可得出,一只老鼠想帮助另一只瞎的老鼠,所以没有直接跑掉,故选 B。A 是一只老鼠在和另一只老鼠玩;C 是它们不害怕烟;D 是洞口太小,这三个选项均与本文内容不符。33.细节理解题。由第二段开头 Everyone was puzzled 可知,他们对这两只老鼠的行为感到迷惑,也就是惊讶,故选 C。34.细节理解题。根据第三段开头 During th
44、e meal time, the group of people sat down in a circle and started to talk about the two mice 可判断,他们是在吃饭的时间谈论的,而不是饭后,故答案是B。A 是洞里有很多老鼠;C 是当中国官员的话说完之后,所有的官员感到非常惭愧;D 是这些官员来自不同国家,都符合文章内容。35.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段 the true love is not built on friendship or blood relationship. Instead, it is based on no relations
45、hip 可知真正的爱是基于毫无关系的事实上的。故选 D。第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 10 分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Are These the Best Years of Your Life?The ups and downs of life may seem to have no predictable plan. But scientists now know there are very clear life patterns that almost all people share. Even if you h
46、ave passed some of your best years, you still have other good years to come. 36When are you smartest? From 18 to 25, according to IQscores; but you are wiser and more experienced with increasing age. Youre sharpest in your 20s; around 30, mental abilities begin to decline, particularly your ability
47、to do maths. 37 Your vocabulary at age 45, for example, is three times as great as when you graduated from college. At 60, your brain possesses almost four times as much information as it did at age 21.38 You have the best physical sense of yourself from 15 to 24, when you feel energetic all the tim
48、e. The best professional sense seems from 40 to 49. Before age 24, we believe that our happiest years are yet to come. Over 30, we believe that theyre behind us. A National Health Survey agrees: After age 30, we “become more realistic and do not view happiness as a goal in itself. If we keep our hea
49、lth, achieve professional and emotional goals, then happiness, we feel, will follow.”39 Generally between 30 to 39, but the peak(顶峰)varies with different professions. Mozart wrote a symphony by age eight, and Mendelssohn composed his best-known work, A Midsummer Nights dream, at 17, but most of the great music was written by men between 33 and 39. Though the peak in most fields comes earlymost Nobel Prize winners did their top research in their late 20s and 30s, creative people continue to produce quality work th
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