初中英语主要考点.pdf
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1、初中英语主要考点北京市中考英语主要题型包括:一 听力理解:听对话选择与其对应的图画(此题难度不大,对话简单易懂);听对话或独白选择最佳答案(难度加强,考察学生的听力,理解力,能快速抓住主旨);听独白写出关键信息(此题难度较大,考察学生的听,写综合能力)。二 语言知识运用:单项选择(考察学生的基础知识是否掌握扎实,考点多而细,包括单词,短语固定搭配,句法构成,时态,语态等);完形填空(考察学生对基础知识的综合运用能力,而不是简单的知识点累加,还需要学生有较宽的知识面,难度较大易失分)。三 阅读理解:短文阅读(通常包括三道四篇,由易到难,考察阅读速度和理解能力,二者不可或缺,此外,此题型文章较长,
2、内容涉及面广,需要有丰富的知识,敏锐的思维,分值高难度大,大多数学生的难点);阅读短文还原句子或选词填空(考察对文章的深度阅读和理解能力,排除干扰项);阅读与表达(通过阅读文章回答问题,考察快速阅读能力,通常设置五道问题,需要学生运用自己的语言总结归纳,简单回答)。四-书面表达:完成句子(根据汉语意思将英语中缺少的部分补充完整,通常是固定短语或语言点,考察学生对基础知识的综合运用);文段表达(作文类型多样,包括信件,叙事性作文等,内容贴近生活,与时事紧密结合,需要学生热爱生活,关心时事,此题考察学生的全面综合知识及运用能力)。通过对北京市近几年中考英语试题的分析,总结得出一些每年考试必考的知识
3、点。如下:1.人称代词的主格宾格及其物主代词,如:I,you,me,your,etc.eg:Tom and Mike are good f r ie n d s.o f te n help eachother.(2010 年试题)A.They B.Them C.Their D.Theirs2.连词,如:and,or,but,so,etc.eg:Its a nice house it hasnt a garden.(2008 年试题)A.and B.or C.but D.so3.介词,如:at,for,on,in,of,to,etc.eg:Einstein,the famous scientis
4、t,was born March,1892.(2009年试题)A.at B.on C.in D.to4.疑问代词,如:how,when,w hat,where,who,etc.eg:won the 100th gold at the Olympics for China?ZhangYining,shes from Beijing.(2009 年试题)A.Who B.W hat C.When D.Where5.情态动词,如:can,may,m ust,need,etc.eg:-you turn down your radio,please?-Yes,I can.(2010年试题)A.May B.
5、Need C.Must D.Can6.形容词,副词的比较级及最高级的用法eg:Which colour do you like,bule or green?Blue.(2010年试题)A.good B.better C.best D.the best7.正在进行时,如:be+V-ingeg:Mr.G reen to the manager now.Youd better call himlater.(2009 年试题)A.talk B.talked C.is talking D.was talking8.一般过去时,当两个或多个动词并列时注意保持动词时态一致eg:We were in Qing
6、dao and last week great fun there.(2008 年试题)A.will have B.have had C.had D.have9.现在完成时,如:have/has+doneeg:She as an animal trainer since 2003.A.has worked B.works C.will work D.worked10.动词一般过去时的被动语态,如:was/were+doneeg:The road last year.(2010 年试题)A.builds B.built C.was built D.is built11.复杂一般疑问句,宾语多为w
7、ho,whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,h o w,等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句,应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。eg:Can you tell me?She is in the computer lab.(2009 年试题)A.where Linda was B.where is LindaC.where was Linda D.where Linda is12.固定句型,如:When(当的时候),if(如果),as soon as(一就),until(直到才),unless(除非/如果不)这几个词引导的时间或条件状语从句时,从句用一般现在时,主
8、句要用一般将来时。eg:Tom will call me as soon as he home.(2010 年试题)A.gets B.has got C.got D.will get13.固定句型,如:Its/was/has been+some time+since+一1般过 去时或过去的时间自从以来有多久了eg:She as an animal trainer since 2003.(2009 年试题)A.has worked B.works C.will work D.worked14.常考动词不定式短语及动名词短语,如:ask/tell/invite sb.(not)to do s th
9、.要求/告诉/邀请某人(不)做某事;finish doing s t h.做完某事eg:Granny often tells us water in our daily life.(2010年试题)A.save B.saving C.to save D.saves以上考点均连续出现多次,为每年考试必考题型。15.现将其他常用重点句型总结如下:be busy doing sth.had better(not)do sthis one of the+最局级+n(pl.).It is+adj.for sb.to do sth.It takes sb some time,to do sth.Its t
10、ime for./to do sth.Its bad/good for.One.the other./Som e.others.There is sth.wrong w ith.too.toW hat about/How about.?W hats the m atter w ith.?/W hats wrong w ith.?W hy not?/W hy dont you.?Will(would,could)you please.?初中英语八种时态归纳总结时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容,初中学生在实际运用时,往往对时态总是倍感棘手,下面我们就归纳一下这儿种时0一、般现在时:概念:经常、反
11、复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。时间状语:always,usually,often,sometimes,every week(day,year,month.),once a week,on Sundays,etc.基本结构:主语+b e动 词+其他;主 语+行 为 动 词+其他否定形式:主 语+am/is/are+not+其他;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加d o n 3 主语为第三人称单数,则用doesnt,同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句:把 be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用d o e s,同时还原行为动词。二、,般过去时:概念:过去某个时间里发生的
12、动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。时间状语:ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week(year,night,month.),in 1989,just now,at the age of 5,one day,longlong ago,once upon a time,etc.基本结构:主语+b e动 词+其他;主语+行为动词+其他否定形式:主语+was/were+not+其他;在行为动词前加d id n t,同时还原行为动词。一 般疑问句:was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式d id提问,同时还原行为动词。三、现在进行时
13、:概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语:now,at this time,these days,etc.基本结构:主 语+am/is/are+doing+其他.否定形式:主 语+am/is/are+not+doing+其他.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。四、过去进行时:概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。时间状语:at this time yesterday,at that time 或以 when 引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。基本结构:主 语+was/were+doing+其他.否定形式:主 语+was/were+not+doing+其
14、他.一般疑问句:把was或were 放于句首。五、现在完成时:概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。时I可 犬语:recently,lately,since.for.,in the past few years,etc.基本结构:主 语+have/has+done+其他.否定形式:主 语+have/has+not+done+其他.一般疑问句:have或 has放于句首。六、过去完成时:概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。时间状语:before,by the end of
15、last year(term,month.),etc.基本结构:主 语+had+done+其他.否定形式:主 语+had+not+done+其他.一般疑问句:had放于句首。七、一般将来时:概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。时I可 犬语:tomorrow,next day(week,month,year.),soon,in afew minutes,by.,the day after tomorrow,etc.基 本 结 构:主 语+am/is/are/going to+do+其他;主 语+will/shall+do+其他.否定形式:主 语+am/ia/are+no
16、t+going to+do+其他;主语+will/shall+not+do+其他.一般疑问句:be放于句首;wiH/shall提到句首。八、过去将来时:概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。时间 犬语:the next day(morning,year.),the followingmonth(week.),etc.基本结构:主 语+was/were/going to+do+其他;主 语+would/should+do+其他.否定形式:主 语+was/were+not+going to+do+其他;主语+would/should+not+do+其他.一般疑问句:was或we
17、re放于句首;would/should提到句首。几种常见时态的相互转换英语中的儿种时态在一定情况下可以互相转换,以下是几种常见的转换形式:一、般过去时与现在完成时的转换在现在完成时中,延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用,瞬间动词却不能。但是,可用别的表达方式:瞬间动词用于“一段 时 间+ago”的一般过去时的句型中;瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语,与一段时间连用;瞬间动词用于“It is+一段 时 间+since+一般过去时”的句型中,表示“自从.以来有.时间”的意思,主句一般用it is来代替It hasbeen;瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed sinc
18、e+一般过去时,的句型中。请看:A.He joined the League two years ago.B.He has been in the League for two years.C.It is two years since he joined the League.D.Two years has passed since he joined the League.二、般现在时与现在进行时的转换在一般现在时中,a t加上名词表示“处于某种状态”,如 at work(在工作),at school(上学、上课)等。此短语可与进行时态转换。请看:Peter is at work,but
19、Mike is at playPeter is working,but Mike is playing.三、现在进行时与一般将来时的转换在现在进行时态中go,come,leave,start,arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语速用表示将要发生的动作。如:I am coming,Mum!意为“我就来,妈妈!请看:The train is leaving soon.The train will leave soon.四、“be woine to+动词原形”与“win(shaH)+动词原形”结构的转换“be going to+动词原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事;将来时“will(shaH)+动
20、词原形”结构在书面语中,当主语为第一人称时,常用助动词shall。在口语中,所有人称都可以用will。请看:We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday.We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday.八年级完形填空练习题附加答案2、阅读下列短文,掌握其大意,然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案。There is nobody in the world the same 41 you;you areunique(独特唯一 的)!Everybody is 42 from everyone else.Th
21、atis good!43 it makes the world an interesting place.There are people taller 44 you,and shorter than you.Maybeyour hair is the same color as your friends hair,but maybe it islonger than 45.Another difference is your hair may bestraight,hers may be curly.I am sure you have some friends who are 46 tha
22、n you.Andyou also have some friends,they are as 47 at sports as you.But there are also people around you who are not good at somethings.48 does your best friend look like?Do you both 49to finish your homework at school?Do you both want to wear thesame clothes every day?I think 50 some ways you are t
23、hesame,but in many other ways you are different.So say loudly tothe world,“I am who I am Im unique!”41.A.with B.asC.ofD.from42.A.better B.differentC.smart D.good43.A.Because B.SoC.Although D.But44.A.after B.thanC.then D.in front of45.A.her B.sheC.hers D.shes46.A.smart B.smarterC.smartest D.a smart47
24、.A.bad B.better C.well D.good48.A.Where B.W hatC.HowD.How often49.A.like B.enjoy50.A.through B.byC.would like D.goingC.in D.on参考答案:BBABC BDBAC3、Mark lived in a village far away.One day he became very ill andeveryone thought he would 1 soon.They sent for a doctor.Twodays 2 the doctor came and looked
25、over the sick man.3asked for a pen and some paper to write down the name of themedicine.But there was no pen 4 paper in the village,becauseno one could write.The doctor 5 up a piece of burnt wood from the fire andwrote the name of the medicine on the 6 of the house.Get thismedicine for him.,he said,
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